Role of the ABC Transporter Ste6 in Cell Fusion during Yeast
... in response to a-factor or that failed to agglutinate were eliminated. Finally, mating mixtures of mutant strains mixed with a wild-type M A T a strain (FC139) were observed microscopically to identify strains that initiated but failed to complete cell fusion. Most sterile strains do not interact at ...
... in response to a-factor or that failed to agglutinate were eliminated. Finally, mating mixtures of mutant strains mixed with a wild-type M A T a strain (FC139) were observed microscopically to identify strains that initiated but failed to complete cell fusion. Most sterile strains do not interact at ...
central thalamic radiation
... 1. proprioceptive and fine touch pathway of trunk and limbs Secondary Neuron Cell bodies are located in Nucleus gracilis and Nucleus cuneatus Send out fibers Cross to the opposite by decussation of medial lemniscus Ascends as medial lemniscus ...
... 1. proprioceptive and fine touch pathway of trunk and limbs Secondary Neuron Cell bodies are located in Nucleus gracilis and Nucleus cuneatus Send out fibers Cross to the opposite by decussation of medial lemniscus Ascends as medial lemniscus ...
Two-step process for photoreceptor formation inDrosophila
... PRCs in imaginal discs (not shown) and the projections to the optic lobes appeared to be normal. However, the mutant ommatidia in the adult eye were greatly altered: the small central rhabdomeres of inner R7 and R8 PRCs were absent, and extra PRCs with large rhabdomeres were observed (Fig. 2a). Mosa ...
... PRCs in imaginal discs (not shown) and the projections to the optic lobes appeared to be normal. However, the mutant ommatidia in the adult eye were greatly altered: the small central rhabdomeres of inner R7 and R8 PRCs were absent, and extra PRCs with large rhabdomeres were observed (Fig. 2a). Mosa ...
Gastrulation: Making and Shaping Germ Layers
... their subsequent patterning and diversification of cell fates along the embryonic axes. These processes occur very early during development when most embryos consist of a relatively small number of morphologically similar cells arranged in simple structures, such as cell balls or sheets, which can be ...
... their subsequent patterning and diversification of cell fates along the embryonic axes. These processes occur very early during development when most embryos consist of a relatively small number of morphologically similar cells arranged in simple structures, such as cell balls or sheets, which can be ...
Mosaic Genetic Screen for Suppressors of the de2f1 Mutant
... Weinberg 2000). The prevailing view is that the tumor suppressor property of pRB is to constrain E2F activity. However, our knowledge of the various tiers of regulation by which pRB has the capacity to block cell proliferation in the context of a multicellular organism is still very limited. Thus, u ...
... Weinberg 2000). The prevailing view is that the tumor suppressor property of pRB is to constrain E2F activity. However, our knowledge of the various tiers of regulation by which pRB has the capacity to block cell proliferation in the context of a multicellular organism is still very limited. Thus, u ...
Ciliogenesis and the DNA damage response: a stressful relationship
... [51]. However, it is presently not clear if this is a specific response to UV, or a more general response to replication-blocking lesions and/or induction of p38-mediated stress signalling pathways. It is interesting to note that the core centriolar factor centrin 2 has both centriolar localisation ...
... [51]. However, it is presently not clear if this is a specific response to UV, or a more general response to replication-blocking lesions and/or induction of p38-mediated stress signalling pathways. It is interesting to note that the core centriolar factor centrin 2 has both centriolar localisation ...
Genome-wide gene expression in uro mutant
... and developmental processes and the uro mutant demonstrated several auxin defective phenotypes (Guo et al. 2004), it is possible that the altered expression levels of other hormone related genes may be caused by an indirect effect. Our data also revealed the altered expression levels of cell cycle a ...
... and developmental processes and the uro mutant demonstrated several auxin defective phenotypes (Guo et al. 2004), it is possible that the altered expression levels of other hormone related genes may be caused by an indirect effect. Our data also revealed the altered expression levels of cell cycle a ...
Cellular Maturation Defects in Bruton`s Tyrosine
... regard to the expression levels of BP-1 and CD2 (5). In this respect, we now found that L chain-positive immature B cells are more affected by the lack of Btk than L chain-positive immature B cells. Given that gene rearrangements in pre-B cells are programmed to occur ⬃24 h later than rearra ...
... regard to the expression levels of BP-1 and CD2 (5). In this respect, we now found that L chain-positive immature B cells are more affected by the lack of Btk than L chain-positive immature B cells. Given that gene rearrangements in pre-B cells are programmed to occur ⬃24 h later than rearra ...
STAINING OF BACTERIAL CELLS Objective • To learn the
... crystal violet are useful for the direct staining of cells, whereas anionic stains, such as eosin and nigrosin, will not directly stain bacterial cells. However, negatively charged stains, are useful for revealing the outlines of bacterial cells; anionic dyes stain the background, leaving the bacter ...
... crystal violet are useful for the direct staining of cells, whereas anionic stains, such as eosin and nigrosin, will not directly stain bacterial cells. However, negatively charged stains, are useful for revealing the outlines of bacterial cells; anionic dyes stain the background, leaving the bacter ...
Cryoelectron Tomography: Implications for Actin Cytoskeleton
... verity of postfixation, dehydration, and embedding required for thin-section electron microscopy.1 Single filaments or more loosely interconnected filament networks, either purified or examined in situ, are very sensitive to these procedures. Meshworks of actin filaments found in lamellipodia are pa ...
... verity of postfixation, dehydration, and embedding required for thin-section electron microscopy.1 Single filaments or more loosely interconnected filament networks, either purified or examined in situ, are very sensitive to these procedures. Meshworks of actin filaments found in lamellipodia are pa ...
Bactericidal activity of the organo
... assay, porin molecules were inserted into the surface of the liposome. The porin used for this assay was the one expressed on the outer membrane of an E. cloacae strain. It was purified and was shown to be a trimeric porin with a MW of 120 kDa. The results shown in Figure 4 demonstrate that AS101 (M ...
... assay, porin molecules were inserted into the surface of the liposome. The porin used for this assay was the one expressed on the outer membrane of an E. cloacae strain. It was purified and was shown to be a trimeric porin with a MW of 120 kDa. The results shown in Figure 4 demonstrate that AS101 (M ...
The Kingdom of Fungi is very diverse. Usually it is - Varga
... The hyphae can then reproduce ________________ by fusing hyphae nuclei together to produce a zygospore, OR they can reproduce __________________ by forming haploid spores in sporangia. ...
... The hyphae can then reproduce ________________ by fusing hyphae nuclei together to produce a zygospore, OR they can reproduce __________________ by forming haploid spores in sporangia. ...
Mechanisms of convergence and extension by cell intercalation
... the notochordal and somitic mesoderm, converge and extend. In amphibians as well as a number of other organisms where these movements appear, they occur by mediolateral cell intercalation, the rearrangement of cells along the mediolateral axis to produce an array that is narrower in this axis and lo ...
... the notochordal and somitic mesoderm, converge and extend. In amphibians as well as a number of other organisms where these movements appear, they occur by mediolateral cell intercalation, the rearrangement of cells along the mediolateral axis to produce an array that is narrower in this axis and lo ...
Ectodermal progenitors derived from epiblast
... respectively (Supplementary Figure S2A). Interestingly, it is the cells treated with A-83-01 for 15 h or 18 h that display the dual potency for neural or epidermal fate (Supplementary Figure S2B). In addition, an epiblast stem cell line generated from early mouse embryo could also generate the inter ...
... respectively (Supplementary Figure S2A). Interestingly, it is the cells treated with A-83-01 for 15 h or 18 h that display the dual potency for neural or epidermal fate (Supplementary Figure S2B). In addition, an epiblast stem cell line generated from early mouse embryo could also generate the inter ...
Discussion
... serglycin-His flag, as percentage of the total secretion of 35(S)proteoglycans, was determined to be 45 percent (apical) and 43 percent (basolateral), respectively, for clone 1-7. The same values for clone 4-2 were 32 percent (apical) and 35 percent (basolateral), respectively (table 4-9). This resu ...
... serglycin-His flag, as percentage of the total secretion of 35(S)proteoglycans, was determined to be 45 percent (apical) and 43 percent (basolateral), respectively, for clone 1-7. The same values for clone 4-2 were 32 percent (apical) and 35 percent (basolateral), respectively (table 4-9). This resu ...
Induction of a Secondary Body Axis in Xenopus by Antibodies to
... pairs or a cement gland (not shown). The phenotype most easily observed at earlier embryonic stages is the duplication of the neural tube, which appears as a pair of darkly pigmented lines of tissue (Fig. 3 C). Within a single experi- ...
... pairs or a cement gland (not shown). The phenotype most easily observed at earlier embryonic stages is the duplication of the neural tube, which appears as a pair of darkly pigmented lines of tissue (Fig. 3 C). Within a single experi- ...
Lecture 19. secondary phloem-2
... (where they are young) and wider away from the cambium (where they are older; remember that phloem is pushed outward by formation of new phloem interior to pre-existing phloem). The width of the rays results because ray cells themselves divide (a process called dilatation and illustrated in microgra ...
... (where they are young) and wider away from the cambium (where they are older; remember that phloem is pushed outward by formation of new phloem interior to pre-existing phloem). The width of the rays results because ray cells themselves divide (a process called dilatation and illustrated in microgra ...
Lactic acid excretion by Streptococcus mutans
... Ingbritt (Krasse, 1966 ; Linzer, 1976) was stored in 30 YOglycerol broth at -20 "C. The strain was checked regularly according to the criteria of Hardie & Bowden (1976). Bacteria were grown as batch cultures at 37 OC in T Y E growth medium as described previously (Dashper & Reynolds, 1990, 1992). Ce ...
... Ingbritt (Krasse, 1966 ; Linzer, 1976) was stored in 30 YOglycerol broth at -20 "C. The strain was checked regularly according to the criteria of Hardie & Bowden (1976). Bacteria were grown as batch cultures at 37 OC in T Y E growth medium as described previously (Dashper & Reynolds, 1990, 1992). Ce ...
Lactic acid excretion by Streptococcus mutans
... Ingbritt (Krasse, 1966 ; Linzer, 1976) was stored in 30 YOglycerol broth at -20 "C. The strain was checked regularly according to the criteria of Hardie & Bowden (1976). Bacteria were grown as batch cultures at 37 OC in T Y E growth medium as described previously (Dashper & Reynolds, 1990, 1992). Ce ...
... Ingbritt (Krasse, 1966 ; Linzer, 1976) was stored in 30 YOglycerol broth at -20 "C. The strain was checked regularly according to the criteria of Hardie & Bowden (1976). Bacteria were grown as batch cultures at 37 OC in T Y E growth medium as described previously (Dashper & Reynolds, 1990, 1992). Ce ...
Processing of human cytomegalovirus envelope glycoproteins in
... MrS of the gB glycoproteins synthesized in SF and U373MG cells and the disulphide-linked complexes formed by gB were compared by S D S - P A G E . When isolated from SF cells the most abundant disulphidelinked complexes had M:s of 150000 and 250000 (Fig. 2a, lane 1); a minor component with an Mr of ...
... MrS of the gB glycoproteins synthesized in SF and U373MG cells and the disulphide-linked complexes formed by gB were compared by S D S - P A G E . When isolated from SF cells the most abundant disulphidelinked complexes had M:s of 150000 and 250000 (Fig. 2a, lane 1); a minor component with an Mr of ...
Tetherin Inhibits HIV-1 Release by Directly Tethering Virions to Cells
... maturation, we used a CHO-derived cell line lacking PIGL, an ER-resident enzyme required for the addition of GPI anchors. Proteins that harbor a GPI modification signal as their only membrane anchor are inserted into ER membrane but remain trapped there in the absence of PIGL (Nakamura et al., 1997) ...
... maturation, we used a CHO-derived cell line lacking PIGL, an ER-resident enzyme required for the addition of GPI anchors. Proteins that harbor a GPI modification signal as their only membrane anchor are inserted into ER membrane but remain trapped there in the absence of PIGL (Nakamura et al., 1997) ...
Mitosis
Mitosis is a part of the cell cycle in which chromosomes in a cell nucleus are separated into two identical sets of chromosomes, each in its own nucleus. In general, mitosis (division of the nucleus) is often followed by cytokinesis, which divides the cytoplasm, organelles and cell membrane into two new cells containing roughly equal shares of these cellular components. Mitosis and cytokinesis together define the mitotic (M) phase of an animal cell cycle—the division of the mother cell into two daughter cells, genetically identical to each other and to their parent cell.The process of mitosis is divided into stages corresponding to the completion of one set of activities and the start of the next. These stages are prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During mitosis, the chromosomes, which have already duplicated, condense and attach to fibers that pull one copy of each chromosome to opposite sides of the cell. The result is two genetically identical daughter nuclei. The cell may then divide by cytokinesis to produce two daughter cells. Producing three or more daughter cells instead of normal two is a mitotic error called tripolar mitosis or multipolar mitosis (direct cell triplication / multiplication). Other errors during mitosis can induce apoptosis (programmed cell death) or cause mutations. Certain types of cancer can arise from such mutations.Mitosis occurs only in eukaryotic cells and the process varies in different organisms. For example, animals undergo an ""open"" mitosis, where the nuclear envelope breaks down before the chromosomes separate, while fungi undergo a ""closed"" mitosis, where chromosomes divide within an intact cell nucleus. Furthermore, most animal cells undergo a shape change, known as mitotic cell rounding, to adopt a near spherical morphology at the start of mitosis. Prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus, divide by a different process called binary fission.