examination by electron microscopy of the interaction between
... this stage, the surface lipid of C. ovis is identifiable as an electron-dense layer outside the bacterial cell wall. Organisms found deeper within the macrophage cytoplasm are associated with vacuoles in which the limiting membrane is more tightly apposed to the ingested organism leaving only a rela ...
... this stage, the surface lipid of C. ovis is identifiable as an electron-dense layer outside the bacterial cell wall. Organisms found deeper within the macrophage cytoplasm are associated with vacuoles in which the limiting membrane is more tightly apposed to the ingested organism leaving only a rela ...
Interleukin-6 Gene Expression in Multiple Myeloma: A Characteristic
... HE MATURATION STAGE of B-cell neoplasias vary from pre-B-cell leukemia to multiple myeloma, a hematologic malignancy characteristically associated with mature plasma cell morphology and function. Whereas the recognizable tumor cells in myeloma are the most mature B cells, early lymphoid cells are in ...
... HE MATURATION STAGE of B-cell neoplasias vary from pre-B-cell leukemia to multiple myeloma, a hematologic malignancy characteristically associated with mature plasma cell morphology and function. Whereas the recognizable tumor cells in myeloma are the most mature B cells, early lymphoid cells are in ...
Targeted disruption of fibroblast growth factor receptor
... primitive streak and other axial structures (Deng et al., 1994; Yamaguchi et al., 1994). Similarly, targeted disruption of FGFR-2 leads to abortion of the egg cylinder and dominant negative homozygotes die early after implantation of blastocysts (Arman et al., 1998). In contrast, FGF-2-deficient mic ...
... primitive streak and other axial structures (Deng et al., 1994; Yamaguchi et al., 1994). Similarly, targeted disruption of FGFR-2 leads to abortion of the egg cylinder and dominant negative homozygotes die early after implantation of blastocysts (Arman et al., 1998). In contrast, FGF-2-deficient mic ...
Whole-cell biocatalysts by design - Microbial Cell Factories
... the synthesis of rhamnolipids from the cheap raw material butane using a tailored whole-cell biocatalyst. The AlkBGT system from Pseudomonas putida (for butane activation) and the RhlABC system from Pseudomonas aeruginosa (for rhamnolipid assembly) were integrated into the cell strain to result in r ...
... the synthesis of rhamnolipids from the cheap raw material butane using a tailored whole-cell biocatalyst. The AlkBGT system from Pseudomonas putida (for butane activation) and the RhlABC system from Pseudomonas aeruginosa (for rhamnolipid assembly) were integrated into the cell strain to result in r ...
Microbiology
... of specific antigens both at the polar flagellum and the exopolysaccharide layer by immunogold-staining using a polyclonal antiserum. As a polyclonal serum is mixture of different antibodies, it can bind to different epitopes. It is an open question whether the high variability of antigenic cell sur ...
... of specific antigens both at the polar flagellum and the exopolysaccharide layer by immunogold-staining using a polyclonal antiserum. As a polyclonal serum is mixture of different antibodies, it can bind to different epitopes. It is an open question whether the high variability of antigenic cell sur ...
Alamethicin permeabilizes the plasma membrane and mitochondria
... To investigate the effect of AlaM on plant cells, growing cells were harvested and their oxygen consumption registered during incubation with different concentrations of AlaM (Figure 1a). With increasing concentrations of AlaM, two effects were seen. A transient increase in oxygen consumption occurr ...
... To investigate the effect of AlaM on plant cells, growing cells were harvested and their oxygen consumption registered during incubation with different concentrations of AlaM (Figure 1a). With increasing concentrations of AlaM, two effects were seen. A transient increase in oxygen consumption occurr ...
Small Signaling Peptides in Arabidopsis Development
... proliferation of cells in low-density plant cell culture, but it was unclear which unknown substance(s) within the extracts was active in promoting the proliferation. A bioassay based on the mitotic activity of asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) mesophyll cells in liquid culture identified an active, g ...
... proliferation of cells in low-density plant cell culture, but it was unclear which unknown substance(s) within the extracts was active in promoting the proliferation. A bioassay based on the mitotic activity of asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) mesophyll cells in liquid culture identified an active, g ...
Sorting drops and cells with acoustics: acoustic
... addition of supplemental additives, either beads or immiscible fluid, to achieve sorting. Another alternative is the use of fluidswitching techniques which do not depend on volume or contrast.16–19 Instead, they employ fluid valves that direct the fluid flow into a collection channel. However, these ...
... addition of supplemental additives, either beads or immiscible fluid, to achieve sorting. Another alternative is the use of fluidswitching techniques which do not depend on volume or contrast.16–19 Instead, they employ fluid valves that direct the fluid flow into a collection channel. However, these ...
STUDY OF THE CELLS PROLIFERATING IN PARENT VERSUS F1
... Surface or Intracellular Immunofluorescent Staining . Staining was performed as described previously (16) on cells pooled from several parallel cultures, using a rabbit anti-MTLA antiserum (11) (a kind gift of Dr Sauser, Institute of Biochemistry, Lausanne) for the detection of thymus-derived lympho ...
... Surface or Intracellular Immunofluorescent Staining . Staining was performed as described previously (16) on cells pooled from several parallel cultures, using a rabbit anti-MTLA antiserum (11) (a kind gift of Dr Sauser, Institute of Biochemistry, Lausanne) for the detection of thymus-derived lympho ...
Expression of Recombinant Myelin
... cells is regulated by axonal interaction (26). Schwann cells maintained in the absence of neurons do not express MAG; however, MAG is detectable after 7 d of co-culture with sensory neurons. Neuronal induction of MAG expression can occur before the onset of myelination and does not require assembly ...
... cells is regulated by axonal interaction (26). Schwann cells maintained in the absence of neurons do not express MAG; however, MAG is detectable after 7 d of co-culture with sensory neurons. Neuronal induction of MAG expression can occur before the onset of myelination and does not require assembly ...
Living together in biofilms: the microbial cell factory and its
... DOI 10.1186/s12934-016-0569-5 ...
... DOI 10.1186/s12934-016-0569-5 ...
2015 Biology Pacing Guide
... Functions of all major cell organelles and structures (e.g., nucleus, mitochondrion, rough ER, smooth ER, ribosomes, Golgi bodies, vesicles, lysosomes, vacuoles, microtubules, microfilaments, chloroplast, cytoskeleton, centrioles, nucleolus, chromosomes, nuclear membrane, cell wall, cell membrane [a ...
... Functions of all major cell organelles and structures (e.g., nucleus, mitochondrion, rough ER, smooth ER, ribosomes, Golgi bodies, vesicles, lysosomes, vacuoles, microtubules, microfilaments, chloroplast, cytoskeleton, centrioles, nucleolus, chromosomes, nuclear membrane, cell wall, cell membrane [a ...
in vivo chromatin structures
... (12, 24) was prepared from pJW270 (12). DNA fragments were end-labeled with 32P as described (25). Restriction Endonuclease Digestions. When up to 0.1% NaDodSO4 was present in the sample to be digested, 10% Triton X-100 was added to a final concentration of 1%. Most of the endonucleases tested were ...
... (12, 24) was prepared from pJW270 (12). DNA fragments were end-labeled with 32P as described (25). Restriction Endonuclease Digestions. When up to 0.1% NaDodSO4 was present in the sample to be digested, 10% Triton X-100 was added to a final concentration of 1%. Most of the endonucleases tested were ...
Identification of the Tuberous Sclerosis Complex
... lipid kinases catalyze the production of the second messengers phosphatidylinositol-3,4-bisphosphate (PtdIns-3, 4P2) and phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PtdIns3,4,5P3; reviewed by Katso et al., 2001; Rameh and Cantley, 1999). Downstream targets containing specialized domains, such as pleck ...
... lipid kinases catalyze the production of the second messengers phosphatidylinositol-3,4-bisphosphate (PtdIns-3, 4P2) and phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PtdIns3,4,5P3; reviewed by Katso et al., 2001; Rameh and Cantley, 1999). Downstream targets containing specialized domains, such as pleck ...
CD4 T Cell-Associated Pathophysiology Critically Depends on
... wild-type levels (21). Due to this hypomorphic (CD18hypo) mutation, a skin disease develops in PL/J mice, which strongly resembles human psoriasis clinically, histologically, and in its response to therapy (22). Affected mice present erythema, alopecia, crusts, and scaling as well as abnormal kerati ...
... wild-type levels (21). Due to this hypomorphic (CD18hypo) mutation, a skin disease develops in PL/J mice, which strongly resembles human psoriasis clinically, histologically, and in its response to therapy (22). Affected mice present erythema, alopecia, crusts, and scaling as well as abnormal kerati ...
Sugar-Regulated Expression of a Putative
... In further experiments, different sugars (Suc, Glc, and Fru) were added to the medium at the late exponential phase of cell growth. Suc (58 mm) or Glc (55.6 mm) doubled the activity measured in the p2.4VvHT1-GUS-transformed cells, compared with the untreated control (Fig. 5B), whereas Fru did not in ...
... In further experiments, different sugars (Suc, Glc, and Fru) were added to the medium at the late exponential phase of cell growth. Suc (58 mm) or Glc (55.6 mm) doubled the activity measured in the p2.4VvHT1-GUS-transformed cells, compared with the untreated control (Fig. 5B), whereas Fru did not in ...
Correlation between Innervation of Skeletal Muscles and
... a stress reaction to denervation after a one-week lag phase, and they began to divide, proliferate and differentiate in a great quantity in order to relieve the cellular atrophy caused by denervation; however, as the tissue always stayed in a state of denervation, the SCs were unable to fend for the ...
... a stress reaction to denervation after a one-week lag phase, and they began to divide, proliferate and differentiate in a great quantity in order to relieve the cellular atrophy caused by denervation; however, as the tissue always stayed in a state of denervation, the SCs were unable to fend for the ...
Mader 11 ch 5 Membrane Structure and Function
... Junction Protein Junction Proteins: Tight junctions join cells so that a tissue can fulfill a function, as when a tissue pinches off the neural tube during development. Without this cooperation between cells, an animal embryo would have no nervous system. Mills AP Biology 2012 ...
... Junction Protein Junction Proteins: Tight junctions join cells so that a tissue can fulfill a function, as when a tissue pinches off the neural tube during development. Without this cooperation between cells, an animal embryo would have no nervous system. Mills AP Biology 2012 ...
SALVIA Research Article JIJA MATHEW* AND JOHN E. THOPPIL
... genoprotective efficacy of methanol extracts of Salvia farinacea Benth., Salvia microphylla Kunth and Salvia splendens Sellow ex J. A. Schult. ‘Blue Ribbon’ (Lamiaceae) against the methyl parathion-induced toxicity on bone marrow cells and spermatocytes of Swiss albino mice by chromosomal aberration ...
... genoprotective efficacy of methanol extracts of Salvia farinacea Benth., Salvia microphylla Kunth and Salvia splendens Sellow ex J. A. Schult. ‘Blue Ribbon’ (Lamiaceae) against the methyl parathion-induced toxicity on bone marrow cells and spermatocytes of Swiss albino mice by chromosomal aberration ...
Introduction to Microbiology
... scientists proposed a theory of spontaneous generation of microbial life. Pasteur in 1862 using sterilized equipment showed that growth of micro-organisms was possible only if an opportunity for outside contamination was provided. Rise of microbiology has refined the traditional microbiological proc ...
... scientists proposed a theory of spontaneous generation of microbial life. Pasteur in 1862 using sterilized equipment showed that growth of micro-organisms was possible only if an opportunity for outside contamination was provided. Rise of microbiology has refined the traditional microbiological proc ...
PPT5 - Ycmou
... Endospores are probably the most durable cell produced in nature. They are formed by vegetative cells in response to environmental signals that indicate a limiting factor for vegetative growth, such as depletion of an essential nutrient. They are highly resistant to environmental stresses such ...
... Endospores are probably the most durable cell produced in nature. They are formed by vegetative cells in response to environmental signals that indicate a limiting factor for vegetative growth, such as depletion of an essential nutrient. They are highly resistant to environmental stresses such ...
Mitosis
Mitosis is a part of the cell cycle in which chromosomes in a cell nucleus are separated into two identical sets of chromosomes, each in its own nucleus. In general, mitosis (division of the nucleus) is often followed by cytokinesis, which divides the cytoplasm, organelles and cell membrane into two new cells containing roughly equal shares of these cellular components. Mitosis and cytokinesis together define the mitotic (M) phase of an animal cell cycle—the division of the mother cell into two daughter cells, genetically identical to each other and to their parent cell.The process of mitosis is divided into stages corresponding to the completion of one set of activities and the start of the next. These stages are prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During mitosis, the chromosomes, which have already duplicated, condense and attach to fibers that pull one copy of each chromosome to opposite sides of the cell. The result is two genetically identical daughter nuclei. The cell may then divide by cytokinesis to produce two daughter cells. Producing three or more daughter cells instead of normal two is a mitotic error called tripolar mitosis or multipolar mitosis (direct cell triplication / multiplication). Other errors during mitosis can induce apoptosis (programmed cell death) or cause mutations. Certain types of cancer can arise from such mutations.Mitosis occurs only in eukaryotic cells and the process varies in different organisms. For example, animals undergo an ""open"" mitosis, where the nuclear envelope breaks down before the chromosomes separate, while fungi undergo a ""closed"" mitosis, where chromosomes divide within an intact cell nucleus. Furthermore, most animal cells undergo a shape change, known as mitotic cell rounding, to adopt a near spherical morphology at the start of mitosis. Prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus, divide by a different process called binary fission.