The Neuron & Action Potential
... When a neuron is resting there is a balance of excitatory and inhibitory signals. When one of these exceeds the other stimulus threshold is reached triggering the neuron to transmit an electrical impulse down its axon (action potential) How do you feel something that is intense? More neurons fir ...
... When a neuron is resting there is a balance of excitatory and inhibitory signals. When one of these exceeds the other stimulus threshold is reached triggering the neuron to transmit an electrical impulse down its axon (action potential) How do you feel something that is intense? More neurons fir ...
The Neuron & Action Potential
... When a neuron is resting there is a balance of excitatory and inhibitory signals. When one of these exceeds the other stimulus threshold is reached triggering the neuron to transmit an electrical impulse down its axon (action potential) How do you feel something that is intense? More neurons fir ...
... When a neuron is resting there is a balance of excitatory and inhibitory signals. When one of these exceeds the other stimulus threshold is reached triggering the neuron to transmit an electrical impulse down its axon (action potential) How do you feel something that is intense? More neurons fir ...
Phison Le - American Academy of Optometry
... Morphological and histological changes in epithelium result in either benign, actinic changes or malignant dysplasia. Exposure to ultraviolet B radiation and environmental toxins cause morphological and histological changes at the limbus Mutations result in hyperplasia of the cells as they migrate i ...
... Morphological and histological changes in epithelium result in either benign, actinic changes or malignant dysplasia. Exposure to ultraviolet B radiation and environmental toxins cause morphological and histological changes at the limbus Mutations result in hyperplasia of the cells as they migrate i ...
c - SCHOOLinSITES
... • Hyperthermophiles—organisms that can survive at temperatures exceeding 100o C, such as near deep-sea vents • Examples: – Pyrolobus fumarii (“fire lobe of the chimney”) is chemosynthetic, and grows at temperatures between 90o and 113o C – “strain 121” survived 2 hours of incubation at 130o C © 2006 ...
... • Hyperthermophiles—organisms that can survive at temperatures exceeding 100o C, such as near deep-sea vents • Examples: – Pyrolobus fumarii (“fire lobe of the chimney”) is chemosynthetic, and grows at temperatures between 90o and 113o C – “strain 121” survived 2 hours of incubation at 130o C © 2006 ...
Orthologs of Arabidopsis thaliana stomatal bHLH
... (see Tables S1 and S2 in the supplementary material). Despite strong similarity within these two domains, SPCH, MUTE and FAMA each contain unique features, allowing orthologs to be assigned unambiguously. FAMA and SPCH contain N-terminal acidic domains (with limited sequence similarity between them, ...
... (see Tables S1 and S2 in the supplementary material). Despite strong similarity within these two domains, SPCH, MUTE and FAMA each contain unique features, allowing orthologs to be assigned unambiguously. FAMA and SPCH contain N-terminal acidic domains (with limited sequence similarity between them, ...
- Wiley Online Library
... with STtmd–CFP were performed. As shown in Figure 4 and Movie S3, strong co-labelling between mRFP–PHFAPP1 and STtmd–CFP was found. PtdIns4P and PtdIns3P in BY-2 cells The difference between PtdIns3P and PtdIns4P is the phosphate group on the 3- or 4-position of the D-myo-inositol ring. PtdIns3P has ...
... with STtmd–CFP were performed. As shown in Figure 4 and Movie S3, strong co-labelling between mRFP–PHFAPP1 and STtmd–CFP was found. PtdIns4P and PtdIns3P in BY-2 cells The difference between PtdIns3P and PtdIns4P is the phosphate group on the 3- or 4-position of the D-myo-inositol ring. PtdIns3P has ...
5. Parvoviral Host Range and Cell Entry Mechanisms.
... apparently negative biological consequences. Parvoviruses not only lack accessory proteins that might induce resting cells to enter S-phase, they also lack a duplex transcription template so that they are generally unable to express their genes until the DNA synthetic machinery of the host cell, act ...
... apparently negative biological consequences. Parvoviruses not only lack accessory proteins that might induce resting cells to enter S-phase, they also lack a duplex transcription template so that they are generally unable to express their genes until the DNA synthetic machinery of the host cell, act ...
Significance of hydrolytic enzymes expressed during xylem
... integrity, but also during immune or defence responses of all multicellular organisms. But PCD has even been observed in protozoa and is generally considered to be an evolutionary conserved mechanism (Ameisen 2002). In contrast to passive, traumatic forms of cell death, such as necrosis, that result ...
... integrity, but also during immune or defence responses of all multicellular organisms. But PCD has even been observed in protozoa and is generally considered to be an evolutionary conserved mechanism (Ameisen 2002). In contrast to passive, traumatic forms of cell death, such as necrosis, that result ...
Gene Expression in Bone Cells
... chemokines, RANTES or MIP1α did not. The cognate receptors for MCP-1, in particular, CCR2b and CCR4, were potently induced by RANKL (12.6 and 49-fold, p= 4.0×10-7 and 4.0×10-8, respectively), whereas the chemokine receptors for RANTES and MIP1α (CCR1 and CCR5) were not regulated by RANKL. Chemokine ...
... chemokines, RANTES or MIP1α did not. The cognate receptors for MCP-1, in particular, CCR2b and CCR4, were potently induced by RANKL (12.6 and 49-fold, p= 4.0×10-7 and 4.0×10-8, respectively), whereas the chemokine receptors for RANTES and MIP1α (CCR1 and CCR5) were not regulated by RANKL. Chemokine ...
Jasmonate Controls Leaf Growth by Repressing
... terms of cellular machinery, although basic plant cell cycle and growth regulators have become increasingly well characterized during Arabidopsis development (Gutierrez, 2009; Boruc et al., 2010; Van Leene et al., 2010, 2011), little is known about their precise regulation/ coordination. It has been ...
... terms of cellular machinery, although basic plant cell cycle and growth regulators have become increasingly well characterized during Arabidopsis development (Gutierrez, 2009; Boruc et al., 2010; Van Leene et al., 2010, 2011), little is known about their precise regulation/ coordination. It has been ...
Optimization of ERK Activity Biosensors for both Ratiometric and
... depend on the equilibrium between the activities of kinases and phosphatases, as well as on the crosstalk and connectivity established between pathways. All together, these parameters ensure appropriate and specific cell decisions. Among the signaling cascades of phosphorylated molecules, which are ...
... depend on the equilibrium between the activities of kinases and phosphatases, as well as on the crosstalk and connectivity established between pathways. All together, these parameters ensure appropriate and specific cell decisions. Among the signaling cascades of phosphorylated molecules, which are ...
The biochemistry of differentiation of mouse
... In view of the claim by Zybina (1970) that the giant nuclei of rat trophoblast contain polytene chromosomes with a distinct chromomere banding pattern, we paid particular attention to the morphology of giant nuclei in the mouse. In preparations of giant nuclei dissected from the trophoblast and stai ...
... In view of the claim by Zybina (1970) that the giant nuclei of rat trophoblast contain polytene chromosomes with a distinct chromomere banding pattern, we paid particular attention to the morphology of giant nuclei in the mouse. In preparations of giant nuclei dissected from the trophoblast and stai ...
Inflammation and fever
... firmly bound to the bacterial cell, in contrast to the thermolabile protein ”exotoxin”, secreted into the external environment. Endotoxin (lipolysaccharide, LPS) is responsible for many pathophysiological ...
... firmly bound to the bacterial cell, in contrast to the thermolabile protein ”exotoxin”, secreted into the external environment. Endotoxin (lipolysaccharide, LPS) is responsible for many pathophysiological ...
Localization and characterization of major histocompatibility
... Purpose. To identify potential antigen-presenting cells in the choroid and retina of the normal rat eye, with a view to proposing a role for such cells in the induction and perpetuation of experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis, a model of human uveoretinal inflammation. Methods. Immunohistochcinical ...
... Purpose. To identify potential antigen-presenting cells in the choroid and retina of the normal rat eye, with a view to proposing a role for such cells in the induction and perpetuation of experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis, a model of human uveoretinal inflammation. Methods. Immunohistochcinical ...
Chapter 6 Microscopy (AFM)
... detail of the sample is translated from the electronic response of the van der Waal’s forces of attraction between the tip of the cantilever and the sample which is monitored and recorded (Dufrene and Müller, 2005). As the probe tip scans, the varying topographic features result in deflections betwe ...
... detail of the sample is translated from the electronic response of the van der Waal’s forces of attraction between the tip of the cantilever and the sample which is monitored and recorded (Dufrene and Müller, 2005). As the probe tip scans, the varying topographic features result in deflections betwe ...
MyRIP, a novel Rab effector, enables myosin VIIa recruitment to
... organelles: (i) MyRIP directly interacts with the actin-based motor protein myosin VIIa and with Rab27A; (ii) MyRIP, Rab27A and myosin VIIa are detected on retinal melanosomes; and (iii) MyRIP is able to interfere with myosin VIIa tail localization and, in particular, to promote its recruitment, via ...
... organelles: (i) MyRIP directly interacts with the actin-based motor protein myosin VIIa and with Rab27A; (ii) MyRIP, Rab27A and myosin VIIa are detected on retinal melanosomes; and (iii) MyRIP is able to interfere with myosin VIIa tail localization and, in particular, to promote its recruitment, via ...
Expression of truncated Sek-1 receptor tyrosine kinase
... mouse Sek-1. Positives were picked, subcloned into Bluescript, and sequenced using the dideoxy chain termination method, either with fragments generated by exonuclease deletion or using oligonucleotides corresponding to previously determined sequence. Generation of RNA encoding full-length and mutan ...
... mouse Sek-1. Positives were picked, subcloned into Bluescript, and sequenced using the dideoxy chain termination method, either with fragments generated by exonuclease deletion or using oligonucleotides corresponding to previously determined sequence. Generation of RNA encoding full-length and mutan ...
Gram stain reagents - Bakersfield College
... important to ensure good results. Remember, you cannot see the material you are working with so you must develop good technique based upon principles. Always start with clean slides using lens paper to clean them. Slides can be made from direct clinical material (a wound, sputum, knee fluid, the thr ...
... important to ensure good results. Remember, you cannot see the material you are working with so you must develop good technique based upon principles. Always start with clean slides using lens paper to clean them. Slides can be made from direct clinical material (a wound, sputum, knee fluid, the thr ...
Selection and the Origin of Cells
... of imperfections, can be passed on to other crystals that arise by crystal growth followed by splitting. Clays, which are composed of complex layered crystals, were highlighted, with the suggestion that these might have become populated by nucleic acid molecules that gradually took over the evolutio ...
... of imperfections, can be passed on to other crystals that arise by crystal growth followed by splitting. Clays, which are composed of complex layered crystals, were highlighted, with the suggestion that these might have become populated by nucleic acid molecules that gradually took over the evolutio ...
Boron Functions in Plants: Looking Beyond the
... plants can be separated into four groups based on their B requirement for growth and development. Lactifers (latex-forming species) have by far the highest B requirement followed by leguminous plants, then the remaining dicots and the lily family of monocots, and finally the lowest B requirements ar ...
... plants can be separated into four groups based on their B requirement for growth and development. Lactifers (latex-forming species) have by far the highest B requirement followed by leguminous plants, then the remaining dicots and the lily family of monocots, and finally the lowest B requirements ar ...
Physical and Chemical Basis of Cytoplasmic Streaming
... in cytoplasmic streaming have yet to be investigated. Fromthe phenomenological point of view, it is customaryto classify the streaming of cytoplasm at the visual level into two major categories. One is the streaming closely associated with changes in cell form. This type of movementis usually ...
... in cytoplasmic streaming have yet to be investigated. Fromthe phenomenological point of view, it is customaryto classify the streaming of cytoplasm at the visual level into two major categories. One is the streaming closely associated with changes in cell form. This type of movementis usually ...
A Definitive, Rapid Alternative to the Gram Stain Assay
... The Gram stain assay differentiates bacteria into two groups. Gram positive organisms have high levels of peptidoglycan in their cell walls, which retain the primary crystal violet stain and appear purple. The Gram negative cell wall contains small levels of peptidoglycan but also contains an outer ...
... The Gram stain assay differentiates bacteria into two groups. Gram positive organisms have high levels of peptidoglycan in their cell walls, which retain the primary crystal violet stain and appear purple. The Gram negative cell wall contains small levels of peptidoglycan but also contains an outer ...
Coding of Border Ownership in Monkey Visual Cortex
... the point in consideration, and even the findings concerning illusory contour representation might be explainable in terms of neighborhood processing (Heitger et al., 1998). Figure-ground segregation is fundamental to visual object recognition (Koffka, 1935), and finding this process reflected in si ...
... the point in consideration, and even the findings concerning illusory contour representation might be explainable in terms of neighborhood processing (Heitger et al., 1998). Figure-ground segregation is fundamental to visual object recognition (Koffka, 1935), and finding this process reflected in si ...
Mitosis
Mitosis is a part of the cell cycle in which chromosomes in a cell nucleus are separated into two identical sets of chromosomes, each in its own nucleus. In general, mitosis (division of the nucleus) is often followed by cytokinesis, which divides the cytoplasm, organelles and cell membrane into two new cells containing roughly equal shares of these cellular components. Mitosis and cytokinesis together define the mitotic (M) phase of an animal cell cycle—the division of the mother cell into two daughter cells, genetically identical to each other and to their parent cell.The process of mitosis is divided into stages corresponding to the completion of one set of activities and the start of the next. These stages are prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During mitosis, the chromosomes, which have already duplicated, condense and attach to fibers that pull one copy of each chromosome to opposite sides of the cell. The result is two genetically identical daughter nuclei. The cell may then divide by cytokinesis to produce two daughter cells. Producing three or more daughter cells instead of normal two is a mitotic error called tripolar mitosis or multipolar mitosis (direct cell triplication / multiplication). Other errors during mitosis can induce apoptosis (programmed cell death) or cause mutations. Certain types of cancer can arise from such mutations.Mitosis occurs only in eukaryotic cells and the process varies in different organisms. For example, animals undergo an ""open"" mitosis, where the nuclear envelope breaks down before the chromosomes separate, while fungi undergo a ""closed"" mitosis, where chromosomes divide within an intact cell nucleus. Furthermore, most animal cells undergo a shape change, known as mitotic cell rounding, to adopt a near spherical morphology at the start of mitosis. Prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus, divide by a different process called binary fission.