(HTLV-I) Tax11-19–Specific Memory and Effector CD8+ Cells in Patien
... Collectively, the evidence supports a central role of HTLV-I– specific CD81 T cells in the pathogenesis of HAM/TSP. Recently, HTLV-I Tax peptide–loaded HLA-A2(*0201)/ mouse IgG chimeras (Tax-A2/Ig) were used to demonstrate HTLV-I Tax-specific A2-restricted CD81 cells in peripheral blood lymphocytes ...
... Collectively, the evidence supports a central role of HTLV-I– specific CD81 T cells in the pathogenesis of HAM/TSP. Recently, HTLV-I Tax peptide–loaded HLA-A2(*0201)/ mouse IgG chimeras (Tax-A2/Ig) were used to demonstrate HTLV-I Tax-specific A2-restricted CD81 cells in peripheral blood lymphocytes ...
structural responses of amoebae
... some vesicles outside the membrane-delimited spaces at 6 h, which suggests that not all the injected cytoplasm had been segregated from that of the host by this time after the operation. Thoria was not observed in large vacuoles identified as old food vacuoles on the basis of their size, polymorphou ...
... some vesicles outside the membrane-delimited spaces at 6 h, which suggests that not all the injected cytoplasm had been segregated from that of the host by this time after the operation. Thoria was not observed in large vacuoles identified as old food vacuoles on the basis of their size, polymorphou ...
PAK1 Mediates Resistance to PI3 Kinase Inhibition in Lymphomas
... Gene expression profiling utilizing Affymetrix Gene 1.0 ST arrays were performed, scanned, and normalized as previously described (17). These data are available through Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The microarray data will be available through accession number:GSE22898. The gene expression data fo ...
... Gene expression profiling utilizing Affymetrix Gene 1.0 ST arrays were performed, scanned, and normalized as previously described (17). These data are available through Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The microarray data will be available through accession number:GSE22898. The gene expression data fo ...
Biochemical bases of appearance and texture changes in fresh
... it (Hrazdina and Wagner, 1985). Once formed, these compounds are glycosylated and then are extruded within transport vesicles formed from the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. These vesicles are the vehicle by which the phenolic compounds are transported to the vacuole or into the apoplast/cell wall c ...
... it (Hrazdina and Wagner, 1985). Once formed, these compounds are glycosylated and then are extruded within transport vesicles formed from the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. These vesicles are the vehicle by which the phenolic compounds are transported to the vacuole or into the apoplast/cell wall c ...
SOMBRERO, BEARSKIN1, and BEARSKIN2 Regulate Root Cap
... SND1 proteins form another small subgroup and together with the SMB/BRN1/BRN2 subgroup make up one branch of the Class IIB family. The other branch contains the seven VND proteins, which are also separated into two distinct subgroups. SMB Controls LRC Maturation In light of its relationship to NAC-d ...
... SND1 proteins form another small subgroup and together with the SMB/BRN1/BRN2 subgroup make up one branch of the Class IIB family. The other branch contains the seven VND proteins, which are also separated into two distinct subgroups. SMB Controls LRC Maturation In light of its relationship to NAC-d ...
The Role of the Plant Nucleolus in Pre-mRNA Processing
... (Saez-Vasquez et al. 2004). In addition, the absence of nucleolin expression causes disruption of the structural organisation of the nucleolus (Pontvianne et al. 2007). Ribosomal RNAs contain numerous nucleotide modifications. The two major modifications in rRNA are 2′-O-ribose methylation and pseud ...
... (Saez-Vasquez et al. 2004). In addition, the absence of nucleolin expression causes disruption of the structural organisation of the nucleolus (Pontvianne et al. 2007). Ribosomal RNAs contain numerous nucleotide modifications. The two major modifications in rRNA are 2′-O-ribose methylation and pseud ...
Lipid raft–associated protein sorting in exosomes
... transferrin receptors (TfRs) during reticulocyte maturation.8 On the other hand, exosomes secreted by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) contain few TfRs, but are enriched with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules,3,4 which has led to investigations of their possible implication in ...
... transferrin receptors (TfRs) during reticulocyte maturation.8 On the other hand, exosomes secreted by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) contain few TfRs, but are enriched with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules,3,4 which has led to investigations of their possible implication in ...
Cellular Biology - Circulation Research
... nucleated with either 2N (⬇3%) or 4N (⬇5%), and 10% are octaploid (4N⫻2). The remaining cells show an even higher ploidy of up to 32N. These numbers differ depending on the techniques used and individual mouse strains, which have led to some discrepancies in the literature.3 Because polyploidization ...
... nucleated with either 2N (⬇3%) or 4N (⬇5%), and 10% are octaploid (4N⫻2). The remaining cells show an even higher ploidy of up to 32N. These numbers differ depending on the techniques used and individual mouse strains, which have led to some discrepancies in the literature.3 Because polyploidization ...
Lipid transfer and metabolism across the endolysosomal
... mTORC1, required for its activation, are also controlled by the ATP-dependent TTT-RUVBL1/2 complex, independently on AMPK [48]. (3) During energy stress conditions, AMPK is allosterically stimulated by AMP. (4) AMPK activation also requires interaction with the v-ATPase–Ragulator complex on the lyso ...
... mTORC1, required for its activation, are also controlled by the ATP-dependent TTT-RUVBL1/2 complex, independently on AMPK [48]. (3) During energy stress conditions, AMPK is allosterically stimulated by AMP. (4) AMPK activation also requires interaction with the v-ATPase–Ragulator complex on the lyso ...
Lineage-specific stem cells, signals and asymmetries
... MyoD exhibits limited ability to induce differentiation in some proliferating cells but can potentiate differentiation in heterologous cells, presumably owing to the presence of interacting partners or more accessible chromatin. Precisely how MUTE regulates the transcription of its target genes rema ...
... MyoD exhibits limited ability to induce differentiation in some proliferating cells but can potentiate differentiation in heterologous cells, presumably owing to the presence of interacting partners or more accessible chromatin. Precisely how MUTE regulates the transcription of its target genes rema ...
Manuscrit en préparation (soumission prévue à Int - HAL
... amounts of omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids, display a lower breast cancer risk [1, 2]. This effect seems to be related to specific n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and/or to the ratio of n-6 to n-3 fatty acids [3-6]. Long-chain n-3 fatty acids found in fatty cold-water fish, particularly eicosapentaenoic a ...
... amounts of omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids, display a lower breast cancer risk [1, 2]. This effect seems to be related to specific n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and/or to the ratio of n-6 to n-3 fatty acids [3-6]. Long-chain n-3 fatty acids found in fatty cold-water fish, particularly eicosapentaenoic a ...
Systems-Wide Analysis of Acclimation Responses to Long
... S-adenosylmethionine synthetase are conserved in the green lineage. However, there were also many inconsistencies between these studies. An intriguing discrepancy was that in Chlamydomonas we could not detect any increase in the abundance of proteins involved in redox regulation/scavenging of reacti ...
... S-adenosylmethionine synthetase are conserved in the green lineage. However, there were also many inconsistencies between these studies. An intriguing discrepancy was that in Chlamydomonas we could not detect any increase in the abundance of proteins involved in redox regulation/scavenging of reacti ...
Direct Evidence of Active and Rapid Nuclear
... turgor pressure and became spherical. The heterochromatin structure could be seen just inside the nucleus. SYTO16 fluorescence in some chloroplasts appeared in this focal plane. The green fluorescence in the cytoplasm disappeared probably because the emission spectra of fluorescein changed following ...
... turgor pressure and became spherical. The heterochromatin structure could be seen just inside the nucleus. SYTO16 fluorescence in some chloroplasts appeared in this focal plane. The green fluorescence in the cytoplasm disappeared probably because the emission spectra of fluorescein changed following ...
REVIEW ARTICLE. Calcium Channels in the Plasma
... necessary. This is a consequence of competition between cations for extracellular binding sites. Although mature tissues may accumulate considerable calcium, due to the immobility of calcium in the phloem, the growth of the developing parts of a plant (such as fruits, young leaves and the immature r ...
... necessary. This is a consequence of competition between cations for extracellular binding sites. Although mature tissues may accumulate considerable calcium, due to the immobility of calcium in the phloem, the growth of the developing parts of a plant (such as fruits, young leaves and the immature r ...
In vivo assays to study histone ubiquitylation
... such as chromatin remodeling factors, transcription factors, and repair and replication factors to specific chromosomal domains [39]. The notion that ubiquitylated histones serve as a mark to direct the localization of specific factors to chromatin is supported by recent studies showing that yeast uH2 ...
... such as chromatin remodeling factors, transcription factors, and repair and replication factors to specific chromosomal domains [39]. The notion that ubiquitylated histones serve as a mark to direct the localization of specific factors to chromatin is supported by recent studies showing that yeast uH2 ...
Starfish ApDOCK protein essentially functions in larval
... both the samples all mesenchyme cells were highlighted, indicating that ApDOCK-MO did not disrupt the synthesis of MC5 antigens by mesenchyme cells (Figures 2a and b). The majority of mesenchyme cells in both samples were identically distributed along the ciliary band in the ectodermal wall and in t ...
... both the samples all mesenchyme cells were highlighted, indicating that ApDOCK-MO did not disrupt the synthesis of MC5 antigens by mesenchyme cells (Figures 2a and b). The majority of mesenchyme cells in both samples were identically distributed along the ciliary band in the ectodermal wall and in t ...
copyrighted material - Edinburgh Cell Wall Group
... 1.1.1 Some definitions The best-known cell wall component is cellulose – a highly insoluble polysaccharide, of which the microfibrils (‘scaffolding’) of the wall are composed. Cellulose is, however, only one of many polysaccharides found in plant cell walls, usually accounting for less then half the ...
... 1.1.1 Some definitions The best-known cell wall component is cellulose – a highly insoluble polysaccharide, of which the microfibrils (‘scaffolding’) of the wall are composed. Cellulose is, however, only one of many polysaccharides found in plant cell walls, usually accounting for less then half the ...
University of Groningen Carbohydrate production by
... Alternatively, there may be a different type of glucan produced by colonial Phaeocystis cells. If there is another type of storage glucan besides chrysolaminaran, it is not clear if this is located in the cells or in the colony matrix. In all plants photosynthetic rates exceed metabolic demands when ...
... Alternatively, there may be a different type of glucan produced by colonial Phaeocystis cells. If there is another type of storage glucan besides chrysolaminaran, it is not clear if this is located in the cells or in the colony matrix. In all plants photosynthetic rates exceed metabolic demands when ...
ultrasonic cleaning
... designated for specific equipment cycles — and for cleaning laser-engraved ceramic anilox rolls—should be used. Operating temperatures must be limited to those recommended by the ultrasonic cleaning equipment manufacturer. ...
... designated for specific equipment cycles — and for cleaning laser-engraved ceramic anilox rolls—should be used. Operating temperatures must be limited to those recommended by the ultrasonic cleaning equipment manufacturer. ...
Lats kinase is involved in the intestinal apical
... The warts (wts) gene, a Lats kinase homolog in D. melanogaster, was first identified in genetic studies. Cells with wts mutations exhibit extensive overgrowth due to increased cell proliferation and decreased apoptosis, suggesting that wts is a tumor suppressor gene (Justice et al., 1995; Xu et al., ...
... The warts (wts) gene, a Lats kinase homolog in D. melanogaster, was first identified in genetic studies. Cells with wts mutations exhibit extensive overgrowth due to increased cell proliferation and decreased apoptosis, suggesting that wts is a tumor suppressor gene (Justice et al., 1995; Xu et al., ...
Microtubule-associated protein 1b is required for shaping the neural
... an elongated appearance with protrusions oriented medially, as previously described [8]. In contrast, cells from nocodazole-treated embryos were rounded in shape and failed to migrate in a directional manner, as a result of randomized membrane protrusions (Additional files 3 and 4). This observation ...
... an elongated appearance with protrusions oriented medially, as previously described [8]. In contrast, cells from nocodazole-treated embryos were rounded in shape and failed to migrate in a directional manner, as a result of randomized membrane protrusions (Additional files 3 and 4). This observation ...
Caveolae as potential macromolecule trafficking
... Fig. 2. (a) A gallery of 19 optical images taken at steps of 0.46 m through a paraffin section of rat lung tissue using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The rat lung tissue was immunostained with anti-caveolin-1 antibody and immunocolloidal gold. The colloidal gold was visually enhanced by ...
... Fig. 2. (a) A gallery of 19 optical images taken at steps of 0.46 m through a paraffin section of rat lung tissue using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The rat lung tissue was immunostained with anti-caveolin-1 antibody and immunocolloidal gold. The colloidal gold was visually enhanced by ...
siRNA-27 - OriGene
... Briefly centrifuge each tube to ensure that all material is in the bottom of the tube and not in the cap before opening for the first time. Dried oligo often dislodges during shipping and can be lost. Resuspend duplexes in the provided Duplex Buffer. Other sterile, RNase-free buffers are suitable th ...
... Briefly centrifuge each tube to ensure that all material is in the bottom of the tube and not in the cap before opening for the first time. Dried oligo often dislodges during shipping and can be lost. Resuspend duplexes in the provided Duplex Buffer. Other sterile, RNase-free buffers are suitable th ...
Mitosis
Mitosis is a part of the cell cycle in which chromosomes in a cell nucleus are separated into two identical sets of chromosomes, each in its own nucleus. In general, mitosis (division of the nucleus) is often followed by cytokinesis, which divides the cytoplasm, organelles and cell membrane into two new cells containing roughly equal shares of these cellular components. Mitosis and cytokinesis together define the mitotic (M) phase of an animal cell cycle—the division of the mother cell into two daughter cells, genetically identical to each other and to their parent cell.The process of mitosis is divided into stages corresponding to the completion of one set of activities and the start of the next. These stages are prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During mitosis, the chromosomes, which have already duplicated, condense and attach to fibers that pull one copy of each chromosome to opposite sides of the cell. The result is two genetically identical daughter nuclei. The cell may then divide by cytokinesis to produce two daughter cells. Producing three or more daughter cells instead of normal two is a mitotic error called tripolar mitosis or multipolar mitosis (direct cell triplication / multiplication). Other errors during mitosis can induce apoptosis (programmed cell death) or cause mutations. Certain types of cancer can arise from such mutations.Mitosis occurs only in eukaryotic cells and the process varies in different organisms. For example, animals undergo an ""open"" mitosis, where the nuclear envelope breaks down before the chromosomes separate, while fungi undergo a ""closed"" mitosis, where chromosomes divide within an intact cell nucleus. Furthermore, most animal cells undergo a shape change, known as mitotic cell rounding, to adopt a near spherical morphology at the start of mitosis. Prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus, divide by a different process called binary fission.