Study of the Biogenesis of the Golgi Apparatus in Plant Cells （植物
... distinct suborganelles with different resident proteins. Cargo proteins are transported from one cisterna to the next by anterograde COPI vesicles, whereas the Golgi proteins are excluded from them and remain in the cisternae. Cargo proteins reach the TGN and exit by clathrin-coated vesicles or othe ...
... distinct suborganelles with different resident proteins. Cargo proteins are transported from one cisterna to the next by anterograde COPI vesicles, whereas the Golgi proteins are excluded from them and remain in the cisternae. Cargo proteins reach the TGN and exit by clathrin-coated vesicles or othe ...
ICAM-1 - The Journal of Cell Biology
... between characterized proteins. Using equilibrium chromatography, a cytoskeletal protein talin, was shown to interact with fibronectin receptor (26), with the aid of a synthetic peptide, the/~t subunit of the fibronectin receptor was shown to associate with another cytoskeletal protein, ~actinin (40 ...
... between characterized proteins. Using equilibrium chromatography, a cytoskeletal protein talin, was shown to interact with fibronectin receptor (26), with the aid of a synthetic peptide, the/~t subunit of the fibronectin receptor was shown to associate with another cytoskeletal protein, ~actinin (40 ...
1 Fungi
... • Fungal nuclei are normally haploid, with the exception of transient diploid stages formed during the sexual life cycles • Sexual reproduction requires the fusion of hyphae from different mating types – Fungi use sexual signaling molecules called pheromones to communicate their mating type ...
... • Fungal nuclei are normally haploid, with the exception of transient diploid stages formed during the sexual life cycles • Sexual reproduction requires the fusion of hyphae from different mating types – Fungi use sexual signaling molecules called pheromones to communicate their mating type ...
DEFINING THE ROLE OF THE SHP2 PROTEIN TYROSINE
... express mouse mast cell protease (mMCP) 1 and mMCP-2. Connective tissue mast cells stain positively with safranin as a result of heparin being contained within their granules, while they express mMCP-3, mMCP-4, mMCP-5 and mMCP-67,8. Stem Cell Factor (SCF) is the ligand for the Kit receptor and is th ...
... express mouse mast cell protease (mMCP) 1 and mMCP-2. Connective tissue mast cells stain positively with safranin as a result of heparin being contained within their granules, while they express mMCP-3, mMCP-4, mMCP-5 and mMCP-67,8. Stem Cell Factor (SCF) is the ligand for the Kit receptor and is th ...
Comparative microanatomy and ultrastructure of the excretory
... This comparative study comprises detailed anatomical and ultrastructural investigations of the excretory organs of opisthobranch gastropods by means of serial sectioning analyses, reconstruction techniques, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Representatives of major taxa, the Cephalaspidea, ...
... This comparative study comprises detailed anatomical and ultrastructural investigations of the excretory organs of opisthobranch gastropods by means of serial sectioning analyses, reconstruction techniques, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Representatives of major taxa, the Cephalaspidea, ...
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... (Piotrowski and Nusslein-Volhard, 2000; Piotrowski et al., 2003). Similarly, Tbx1 mutant mice lack pouches and have many of the craniofacial and organ defects of DiGeorge individuals (Vitelli et al., 2002a). Tbx1 is expressed in both the pre-pouch endoderm and surrounding mesoderm; however, the tiss ...
... (Piotrowski and Nusslein-Volhard, 2000; Piotrowski et al., 2003). Similarly, Tbx1 mutant mice lack pouches and have many of the craniofacial and organ defects of DiGeorge individuals (Vitelli et al., 2002a). Tbx1 is expressed in both the pre-pouch endoderm and surrounding mesoderm; however, the tiss ...
Chapter 06 (Urinalyisis
... RBC's may appear normally shaped, swollen by dilute urine (in fact, only cell ghosts and free hemoglobin may remain), or crenated by concentrated urine Both swollen, partly hemolyzed RBC's and crenated RBC's are sometimes difficult to distinguish from WBC's in the urine ...
... RBC's may appear normally shaped, swollen by dilute urine (in fact, only cell ghosts and free hemoglobin may remain), or crenated by concentrated urine Both swollen, partly hemolyzed RBC's and crenated RBC's are sometimes difficult to distinguish from WBC's in the urine ...
Apical-basal patterning in Arabidopsis - Development
... originates from descendants of both the apical and the basal daughter cell of the zygote. We have isolated a mutant of a new gene named BODENLOS (BDL) in which the primary root meristem is not formed whereas postembryonic roots develop and bdl seedlings give rise to fertile adult plants. Some bdl se ...
... originates from descendants of both the apical and the basal daughter cell of the zygote. We have isolated a mutant of a new gene named BODENLOS (BDL) in which the primary root meristem is not formed whereas postembryonic roots develop and bdl seedlings give rise to fertile adult plants. Some bdl se ...
Relationship of Net Chloride Flow across the Human Erythrocyte
... Blood was obtained from apparently healthy adults with heparin as an anticoagulant. The cells were washed three times in 160 mM NaCl and 5 mM HEPES at room temperature and the white cells were removed by aspiration . ...
... Blood was obtained from apparently healthy adults with heparin as an anticoagulant. The cells were washed three times in 160 mM NaCl and 5 mM HEPES at room temperature and the white cells were removed by aspiration . ...
Development and Characterization of New Species Cross
... Antibody-induced internalization was previously studied for other Siglecs. Anti-CD33 and anti-CD22 mAbs were also shown to induce internalization and targeting of these Siglecs is a therapeutic approach to target malignant cells [32,33]. Similar to other Siglecs, internalization of Sn after mAb trig ...
... Antibody-induced internalization was previously studied for other Siglecs. Anti-CD33 and anti-CD22 mAbs were also shown to induce internalization and targeting of these Siglecs is a therapeutic approach to target malignant cells [32,33]. Similar to other Siglecs, internalization of Sn after mAb trig ...
Protists - Dillman Biology
... • Usually protists are identified by what they are NOT (i.e. bacteria, fungi, plant, or animal) rather than what they actually are. ...
... • Usually protists are identified by what they are NOT (i.e. bacteria, fungi, plant, or animal) rather than what they actually are. ...
BMP4 regulation of sensory organ development in the chick inner ear
... A remarkably feature of the inner ear is that it accomplishes its functions by using a relatively limited number of mechanotransducer sensory cell types, collectively called hair cells. These are highly specialized epithelial cells that utilize a group of derived microvilli, referred to as stereocil ...
... A remarkably feature of the inner ear is that it accomplishes its functions by using a relatively limited number of mechanotransducer sensory cell types, collectively called hair cells. These are highly specialized epithelial cells that utilize a group of derived microvilli, referred to as stereocil ...
Erythropoietin critically regulates the terminal
... mature over developmental time (Figure 5A and B). The persistence of some Epor-null primitive erythroblasts allowed us to analyze their maturational status, compared to wild-type littermate controls. After excluding cells with apoptotic morphology, we observed that Epor-null primitive erythroblasts ...
... mature over developmental time (Figure 5A and B). The persistence of some Epor-null primitive erythroblasts allowed us to analyze their maturational status, compared to wild-type littermate controls. After excluding cells with apoptotic morphology, we observed that Epor-null primitive erythroblasts ...
Through form to function: root hair development and nutrient uptake
... specification, initiation, subsequent tip growth and maturation (Fig. 1). Because of these distinct stages of development, root hairs have been used as a model system to begin to understand how plants: • Specify cell fate (whether a cell is destined to make a root hair or not). • Encode positional i ...
... specification, initiation, subsequent tip growth and maturation (Fig. 1). Because of these distinct stages of development, root hairs have been used as a model system to begin to understand how plants: • Specify cell fate (whether a cell is destined to make a root hair or not). • Encode positional i ...
An autophagy-related kinase is essential for the symbiotic
... specific PvPI3K-RNAi construct (537 bp) was cloned downstream of the 35S promoter sequence in the Gateway-based hairpin vector pTdT-DC-RNAi (Valdés-López et al., 2008) to generate pTDT-PvPI3K-RNAi. A previously described construct bearing a truncated and irrelevant sequence from A. thaliana pre-mir1 ...
... specific PvPI3K-RNAi construct (537 bp) was cloned downstream of the 35S promoter sequence in the Gateway-based hairpin vector pTdT-DC-RNAi (Valdés-López et al., 2008) to generate pTDT-PvPI3K-RNAi. A previously described construct bearing a truncated and irrelevant sequence from A. thaliana pre-mir1 ...
Involvement of CD14 and Complement Receptors CR3 and CR4 in
... Complement receptors CR3 (also called Mac-1 and CD11b/ CD18) and CR4 (also referred to as CD11c/CD18 and p150,95) are transmembrane glycoproteins that belong to the b2 integrin family. They are expressed on the surface of neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, and NK cells and are involved in numerous ...
... Complement receptors CR3 (also called Mac-1 and CD11b/ CD18) and CR4 (also referred to as CD11c/CD18 and p150,95) are transmembrane glycoproteins that belong to the b2 integrin family. They are expressed on the surface of neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, and NK cells and are involved in numerous ...
multiple novel factors regulate the initiation of dna
... V. DUE-B is phosphorylated by CK2 ....................................................................................................158 rDUE-BHeLa and rDUE-BSf9 are differentially phosphorylated ..........................................................158 CK2 phosphorylates DUE-B in vitro........ ...
... V. DUE-B is phosphorylated by CK2 ....................................................................................................158 rDUE-BHeLa and rDUE-BSf9 are differentially phosphorylated ..........................................................158 CK2 phosphorylates DUE-B in vitro........ ...
... recruitment by mediating neutrophil rolling along endothelial vessel walls [5–7]. The selectin family of cell adhesion molecules consists so far of three members: Lselectin (lectin adhesion molecule-1 (LECAM-1), Leu 8), P-selectin (CD62), and E-selectin (CD62E, endothelial leucocyte adhesion molecul ...
1 PLASTID OSMOTIC STRESS INFLUENCES CELL
... maintaining a balance between differentiation and proliferation in the SAM (Gaillochet and Lohmann, ...
... maintaining a balance between differentiation and proliferation in the SAM (Gaillochet and Lohmann, ...
Mitochondrial Dynamics in Mammals
... In contrast to human mitofusins, overexpression of murine Mfn1 or Mfn2 does not lead to perinuclear clustering (Chen et al., 2003). In addition, overexpression in mouse embryonic fibroblasts does not extend the length of mitochondrial tubules or increase their interconnectivity. However, when the co ...
... In contrast to human mitofusins, overexpression of murine Mfn1 or Mfn2 does not lead to perinuclear clustering (Chen et al., 2003). In addition, overexpression in mouse embryonic fibroblasts does not extend the length of mitochondrial tubules or increase their interconnectivity. However, when the co ...
Mechanism of isoniazid uptake in Mycobacterium
... Most species are known to form aggregates, rendering quantification of the biomass in aliquots difficult. This was solved by using background labelling of cells by [3H]uracil; then the counts due to 14C-labelled INH, proline or glycerol were related to the tritium labelling. The validity of the meth ...
... Most species are known to form aggregates, rendering quantification of the biomass in aliquots difficult. This was solved by using background labelling of cells by [3H]uracil; then the counts due to 14C-labelled INH, proline or glycerol were related to the tritium labelling. The validity of the meth ...
Arpp19 and Cdc6, two major regulators of the meiotic division
... Her assistance has proved essential during these 4 years, especially in the complicated period where the Ph.D. manuscript was being prepared. I’m sure this “race against time” changed both of us perman ...
... Her assistance has proved essential during these 4 years, especially in the complicated period where the Ph.D. manuscript was being prepared. I’m sure this “race against time” changed both of us perman ...
Active Hair Bundle Movements and the Cochlear Amplifier
... cochlea is specialized to create a pressure differences between compartments that results in a vibration of the basilar membrane. The organ of Corti, which houses the sensory apparatus, rides on top of the basilar membrane, thus sensing the vibrations imparted by sound (Fig. 1). Measurements from pr ...
... cochlea is specialized to create a pressure differences between compartments that results in a vibration of the basilar membrane. The organ of Corti, which houses the sensory apparatus, rides on top of the basilar membrane, thus sensing the vibrations imparted by sound (Fig. 1). Measurements from pr ...
Mitosis
Mitosis is a part of the cell cycle in which chromosomes in a cell nucleus are separated into two identical sets of chromosomes, each in its own nucleus. In general, mitosis (division of the nucleus) is often followed by cytokinesis, which divides the cytoplasm, organelles and cell membrane into two new cells containing roughly equal shares of these cellular components. Mitosis and cytokinesis together define the mitotic (M) phase of an animal cell cycle—the division of the mother cell into two daughter cells, genetically identical to each other and to their parent cell.The process of mitosis is divided into stages corresponding to the completion of one set of activities and the start of the next. These stages are prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During mitosis, the chromosomes, which have already duplicated, condense and attach to fibers that pull one copy of each chromosome to opposite sides of the cell. The result is two genetically identical daughter nuclei. The cell may then divide by cytokinesis to produce two daughter cells. Producing three or more daughter cells instead of normal two is a mitotic error called tripolar mitosis or multipolar mitosis (direct cell triplication / multiplication). Other errors during mitosis can induce apoptosis (programmed cell death) or cause mutations. Certain types of cancer can arise from such mutations.Mitosis occurs only in eukaryotic cells and the process varies in different organisms. For example, animals undergo an ""open"" mitosis, where the nuclear envelope breaks down before the chromosomes separate, while fungi undergo a ""closed"" mitosis, where chromosomes divide within an intact cell nucleus. Furthermore, most animal cells undergo a shape change, known as mitotic cell rounding, to adopt a near spherical morphology at the start of mitosis. Prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus, divide by a different process called binary fission.