Activation of Lymphocyte Signaling by the R1 Protein of Rhesus
... Expression of a CD8 chimera protein containing the extracellular and transmembrane domains of CD8 fused to the cytoplasmic domain of R1 mobilized intracellular calcium and induced cellular tyrosine phosphorylation in B cells upon stimulation with anti-CD8 antibody. None of the CD8-R1 cytoplasmic del ...
... Expression of a CD8 chimera protein containing the extracellular and transmembrane domains of CD8 fused to the cytoplasmic domain of R1 mobilized intracellular calcium and induced cellular tyrosine phosphorylation in B cells upon stimulation with anti-CD8 antibody. None of the CD8-R1 cytoplasmic del ...
Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2004 Feb 20
... required for stable attachment of epithelial cells to the lamina densa (1). Kindlerin displays similarity throughout its sequence to two other human proteins, Mig-2 (65% identity) and URP2 (57% identity) as shown in Figure 1 and appears to be related to the C. elegans protein, UNC112 (44% identity). ...
... required for stable attachment of epithelial cells to the lamina densa (1). Kindlerin displays similarity throughout its sequence to two other human proteins, Mig-2 (65% identity) and URP2 (57% identity) as shown in Figure 1 and appears to be related to the C. elegans protein, UNC112 (44% identity). ...
A Model-Based Approach for Automated In Vitro Cell - LISA
... invalidated) when it penetrates this border area. The second problem appears when two marks (that initially followed two different cells) become closer than a certain fixed minimum distance (typically 10 pixels), which is explained by the fact that both marks are following the same cell because one o ...
... invalidated) when it penetrates this border area. The second problem appears when two marks (that initially followed two different cells) become closer than a certain fixed minimum distance (typically 10 pixels), which is explained by the fact that both marks are following the same cell because one o ...
PDF
... consist of motile or non-motile and sometimes stalked unicells (Tetraselmis and Scherffelia) that are covered by a single cell wall or layers of cell walls. Furthermore, the wall or theca consists of regular repeating subunits and unlike the cell walls of other green algae, this wall is believed to ...
... consist of motile or non-motile and sometimes stalked unicells (Tetraselmis and Scherffelia) that are covered by a single cell wall or layers of cell walls. Furthermore, the wall or theca consists of regular repeating subunits and unlike the cell walls of other green algae, this wall is believed to ...
The Plant Cell - College of Computer, Mathematical, and Natural
... work, such as the “uphill” transport of another solute. The rate of work depends on the rate of current flow, and its capacity depends on the potential gradient established by the primary transport system. Coupling ions usually carry a positive charge. Unlike uncharged solutes, cations offer the adv ...
... work, such as the “uphill” transport of another solute. The rate of work depends on the rate of current flow, and its capacity depends on the potential gradient established by the primary transport system. Coupling ions usually carry a positive charge. Unlike uncharged solutes, cations offer the adv ...
Tissues Response to Injury
... When a stimulus is applied to a cell, it may result in Biochemical Lesions The cellular response is the response of the cell to the Biochemical Lesions in order to get back to normal ! (Homeostasis) Robbins defined Cell Injury as… “reversible or irreversible conditions which occur after the limits o ...
... When a stimulus is applied to a cell, it may result in Biochemical Lesions The cellular response is the response of the cell to the Biochemical Lesions in order to get back to normal ! (Homeostasis) Robbins defined Cell Injury as… “reversible or irreversible conditions which occur after the limits o ...
Skeletal Muscles
... burned? • The ATP provides the power to move the Myosin • ATP to cell: gas to car • ATP come from food you eat • It combines with O2 to burn and give energy ...
... burned? • The ATP provides the power to move the Myosin • ATP to cell: gas to car • ATP come from food you eat • It combines with O2 to burn and give energy ...
The Golgi Apparatus - Global Science Books
... Fig. 2 Fluorescent proteins are an important tool in visualising parts of the secretory pathway. Various proteins have been established as markers for different organelles in the secretory pathway. These micrographs demonstrate the usage of several markers alone or in combination to show the distrib ...
... Fig. 2 Fluorescent proteins are an important tool in visualising parts of the secretory pathway. Various proteins have been established as markers for different organelles in the secretory pathway. These micrographs demonstrate the usage of several markers alone or in combination to show the distrib ...
Sample pages 1 PDF
... The investigation of plant myosin had begun from attempting to elucidate the molecular mechanism of characean cytoplasmic streaming [82]. In 1970–1990, several proteins with ATPase activities had been isolated biochemically and reported as plant myosins (cited in [84]). However, none of these result ...
... The investigation of plant myosin had begun from attempting to elucidate the molecular mechanism of characean cytoplasmic streaming [82]. In 1970–1990, several proteins with ATPase activities had been isolated biochemically and reported as plant myosins (cited in [84]). However, none of these result ...
Arabidopsis R-SNARE Proteins VAMP721 and VAMP722 Are
... Methodology/Principal Findings: We report the in vivo function of Arabidopsis VAMP721 and VAMP722, two closely sequence-related R-SNAREs, in cell plate formation. Double homozygous vamp721vamp722 mutant seedlings showed lethal dwarf phenotypes and were characterized by rudimentary roots, cotyledons ...
... Methodology/Principal Findings: We report the in vivo function of Arabidopsis VAMP721 and VAMP722, two closely sequence-related R-SNAREs, in cell plate formation. Double homozygous vamp721vamp722 mutant seedlings showed lethal dwarf phenotypes and were characterized by rudimentary roots, cotyledons ...
Cell Structure and Function Chapter 4 Outline Cell Theory Cell Size
... Cell theory states all organisms are composed of cells and that cells come only from preexisting cells. – One of unifying concepts of biology. ...
... Cell theory states all organisms are composed of cells and that cells come only from preexisting cells. – One of unifying concepts of biology. ...
Actin-based motility of endosomes is linked to the polar tip growth of
... McBride, 2001). In both yeast and mammals, endosomes recruit FYVE-domain proteins due to high levels of PI(3)P when the FYVE sequence acts as a PI(3)P-binding module (Gillooly et al., 2000; Jensen et al., 2001). This is mediated via specific recruitment of PI3Ks, supporting local production of PI(3)P ...
... McBride, 2001). In both yeast and mammals, endosomes recruit FYVE-domain proteins due to high levels of PI(3)P when the FYVE sequence acts as a PI(3)P-binding module (Gillooly et al., 2000; Jensen et al., 2001). This is mediated via specific recruitment of PI3Ks, supporting local production of PI(3)P ...
Diel patterns of growth and division
... until analysis or fixation in a large Plexiglas tank filled with circulating water at 4 C from a Minichiller system (Bioblock). Storage at 4 C for up to 10 h was previously shown to result in minimal effects on parameters measured by FCM, such as abundance, right-angle light scatter (RALS; a proxy ...
... until analysis or fixation in a large Plexiglas tank filled with circulating water at 4 C from a Minichiller system (Bioblock). Storage at 4 C for up to 10 h was previously shown to result in minimal effects on parameters measured by FCM, such as abundance, right-angle light scatter (RALS; a proxy ...
Chloroplast Distribution in Arabidopsis thaliana (L
... Upon illumination with actinic light, chloroplasts undergo rearrangements in the cells that result in changes in the light transmitted through the leaf tissue. Transmission changes were measured with monochromatic 660-nm radiation of 0.05 W m-’ modulated with a frequency of 800Hz (Gabryi and Walczak ...
... Upon illumination with actinic light, chloroplasts undergo rearrangements in the cells that result in changes in the light transmitted through the leaf tissue. Transmission changes were measured with monochromatic 660-nm radiation of 0.05 W m-’ modulated with a frequency of 800Hz (Gabryi and Walczak ...
Intracellular Redox Compartmentation and ROS
... partitioning of metabolism and other biological functions (Sweetlove and Fernie, 2013). Among other things, compartmentation allows differences in metabolite concentrations, because organelles are surrounded by one or more membranes that act as a barrier to passive diffusion. However, membranes also ...
... partitioning of metabolism and other biological functions (Sweetlove and Fernie, 2013). Among other things, compartmentation allows differences in metabolite concentrations, because organelles are surrounded by one or more membranes that act as a barrier to passive diffusion. However, membranes also ...
Spying on spirilla - Marine Biological Laboratory
... example, in Wu et al., the beads were 10 μm in diameter and cell density was much greater than what we used in our experiments2. Larger beads may experience greater overall bacterial forces simply because multiple bacteria may be able to act on a single bead, and increasing the overall cell density ...
... example, in Wu et al., the beads were 10 μm in diameter and cell density was much greater than what we used in our experiments2. Larger beads may experience greater overall bacterial forces simply because multiple bacteria may be able to act on a single bead, and increasing the overall cell density ...
Programmed cell death during plant growth and development
... degenerating cells of Phaseolus and Tropaeolum suspensors contain numerous and varied vesicles surrounded by 2, 4 or even 8 membranes (Nagl, 1976). These appear to be autophagic vesicles where the included cytoplasm exhibits degenerative changes. Later during autolysis, large autolytic vacuoles form ...
... degenerating cells of Phaseolus and Tropaeolum suspensors contain numerous and varied vesicles surrounded by 2, 4 or even 8 membranes (Nagl, 1976). These appear to be autophagic vesicles where the included cytoplasm exhibits degenerative changes. Later during autolysis, large autolytic vacuoles form ...
Annual Report 2014 The Kidney Project
... In Phase I, once we established concept feasibility by testing the external large-scale system of the filter and bioreactor on ICU patients, we developed the membrane technology. Our team fabricated robust silicon membranes using semiconductor manufacturing techniques and assessed them for safety an ...
... In Phase I, once we established concept feasibility by testing the external large-scale system of the filter and bioreactor on ICU patients, we developed the membrane technology. Our team fabricated robust silicon membranes using semiconductor manufacturing techniques and assessed them for safety an ...
Get PDF file - Botanik in Bonn
... which allows rapid extension of major plant organs, such as shoots and roots, a consequence of which is the effective exploitation of both the above- and below-ground environments. Bidirectional cell extension means that the longitudinal side walls grow in a more or less continuous fashion (diffuse ...
... which allows rapid extension of major plant organs, such as shoots and roots, a consequence of which is the effective exploitation of both the above- and below-ground environments. Bidirectional cell extension means that the longitudinal side walls grow in a more or less continuous fashion (diffuse ...
The Amoeboid Parabasalid Flagellate Gigantomonas herculeaof the
... and cytoplasmic organelles such as Golgi bodies, hydrogenosomes, bacteria inside vacuoles and many vesicles (Figs 13-15). Higher magnification shows that the cytoplasm of the peripheral zone is composed of a microfibrillar network, and also has more condensed microfibrillar areas (Fig. 16). In some ...
... and cytoplasmic organelles such as Golgi bodies, hydrogenosomes, bacteria inside vacuoles and many vesicles (Figs 13-15). Higher magnification shows that the cytoplasm of the peripheral zone is composed of a microfibrillar network, and also has more condensed microfibrillar areas (Fig. 16). In some ...
AtLSG1-2 Regulates Leaf Growth by Affecting Cell Proliferation and
... been well studied in yeast. The nucleocytoplasmic shuttling protein NMD3 is an adaptor for the export of the large ribosomal subunit (60S) from the nucleus. LSG1 appears to recycle NMD3 from the cytosol to the nucleus and its deficiency causes an accumulation of NMD3 in the cytoplasm and indirectly ...
... been well studied in yeast. The nucleocytoplasmic shuttling protein NMD3 is an adaptor for the export of the large ribosomal subunit (60S) from the nucleus. LSG1 appears to recycle NMD3 from the cytosol to the nucleus and its deficiency causes an accumulation of NMD3 in the cytoplasm and indirectly ...
A Vacuolar Processing Enzyme, dVPE, Is Involved in Seed Coat
... disrupted organelles and cellular materials from the dead cells formed large aggregates. Cell layers that had lost their contents were compressed, resulting in folded cell walls (Figures 6C and 6D). Subsequently, cells in the ii3 layer started to shrink, so that the ii3 layer became compressed like ...
... disrupted organelles and cellular materials from the dead cells formed large aggregates. Cell layers that had lost their contents were compressed, resulting in folded cell walls (Figures 6C and 6D). Subsequently, cells in the ii3 layer started to shrink, so that the ii3 layer became compressed like ...
The `ins` and `outs` of flavonoid transport
... transporters. They use H+/Na+ gradients across membranes as a force to drive waste or toxic compounds out of the cytoplasm. MATE transporters perform conserved and basic transport functions in most prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Pre-vacuolar compartment (PVC): an endocytic multivesicle compartment invo ...
... transporters. They use H+/Na+ gradients across membranes as a force to drive waste or toxic compounds out of the cytoplasm. MATE transporters perform conserved and basic transport functions in most prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Pre-vacuolar compartment (PVC): an endocytic multivesicle compartment invo ...
Mediation of Clathrin-Dependent Trafficking during
... mutation (139 mutant:373 wild type, x2 = 1.26, P = 0.262). Analysis of fully expanded mature rosette leaves revealed cytokinesis defects in ;58% of scd2-1 stomata, representing the various types of defects (oblate/type 2, stub/type 3, and hanging pore/ type 4) observed in the stomatal cytokinesis-de ...
... mutation (139 mutant:373 wild type, x2 = 1.26, P = 0.262). Analysis of fully expanded mature rosette leaves revealed cytokinesis defects in ;58% of scd2-1 stomata, representing the various types of defects (oblate/type 2, stub/type 3, and hanging pore/ type 4) observed in the stomatal cytokinesis-de ...
SCIENTIFIC ACHIEVEMENTS My laboratory was the first to identify
... We were the first to identify that PIKfyve-catalyzed production of PtdIns(3,5)P2 and PtdIns5P requires a regulatory protein, ArPIKfyve (gene symbol VAC14), that was cloned and characterized in my laboratory for the first time (Sbrissa et al., MCB, 2004). The phosphatase Sac3 (gene symbol FIG4), resp ...
... We were the first to identify that PIKfyve-catalyzed production of PtdIns(3,5)P2 and PtdIns5P requires a regulatory protein, ArPIKfyve (gene symbol VAC14), that was cloned and characterized in my laboratory for the first time (Sbrissa et al., MCB, 2004). The phosphatase Sac3 (gene symbol FIG4), resp ...
Cytoplasmic streaming
Cytoplasmic streaming, also called protoplasmic streaming and cyclosis, is the directed flow of cytosol (the liquid component of the cytoplasm) and organelles around large fungal and plant cells through the mediation of actin. This movement aids in the delivery of organelles, nutrients, metabolites, genetic information, and other materials to all parts of the cell. Cytoplasmic streaming occurs along actin filaments in the cytoskeleton of the cell.Cytoplasmic streaming was first discovered in the 1830s. The scientific breakthrough assisted scientists in developing an understanding of the different roles of cells and how they function as the basic operating systems of life.This process occurs through the operation of motor proteins called myosins.These proteins use energy of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to act as a molecular motor, which slides along actin filaments. This works in a manner that tows the organelles and other cytoplasmic contents in the same direction. Myosin proteins consist of two conjoined proteins. If one protein remains attached to the substrate, the substance acted upon by the protein, such as a microfilament, has the ability to move organelles through the cytoplasm.The green alga genus Chara and other genera in the Division Charophyta, such as Coleochaete, are thought to be the closest relatives of land plants. These haploid organisms contain some of the largest plant cells on earth, a single cell of which can reach up to 10 cm in length. The large size of these cells demands an efficient means to distribute resources, which is enabled via cytoplasmic streaming.Cytoplasmic streaming is strongly dependent upon intracellular pH and temperature. It has been observed that the effect of temperature on cytoplasmic streaming created linear variance and dependence at different high temperatures in comparison to low temperatures. This process is complicated, with temperature alterations in the system increasing its efficiency, with other factors such as the transport of ions across the membrane being simultaneously affected. This is due to cells homeostasis depending upon active transport which may be affected at some critical temperatures.In plant cells, chloroplasts may be moved around with the stream, possibly to a position of optimum light absorption for photosynthesis. The rate of motion is usually affected by light exposure, temperature, and pH levels.In reference to pH, because actin and myosin are both proteins, strong dependence on pH is expected. The optimal pH at which cytoplasmic streaming is highest, is achieved at neutral pH and decreases at both low and high pH.The flow of cytoplasm may be stopped by:Adding Lugol's iodine solutionAdding Cytochalasin D (dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide)↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑