Neural computations associated with goal-directed choice
... (a) Illustration of the main components of the diffusion model of perceptual decision-making. Evidence E in favor of a decision can be strong (black) or weak (gray) and is integrated over time. A decision is made when a common threshold is reached. (b) Illustration of the main components of the urge ...
... (a) Illustration of the main components of the diffusion model of perceptual decision-making. Evidence E in favor of a decision can be strong (black) or weak (gray) and is integrated over time. A decision is made when a common threshold is reached. (b) Illustration of the main components of the urge ...
Intracellular and computational evidence for a
... anesthesia or under the action of drugs [7]. It was shown that in the active regime, cortical neurons are subject to large amounts of fluctuations, often called “synaptic noise”. This activity is major, as its total conductance can be several-fold larger than the resting membrane conductance, a situ ...
... anesthesia or under the action of drugs [7]. It was shown that in the active regime, cortical neurons are subject to large amounts of fluctuations, often called “synaptic noise”. This activity is major, as its total conductance can be several-fold larger than the resting membrane conductance, a situ ...
Harding, G. W. and A. L. Towe. 1995. Neuron Response to Direct
... stimulation. Li and Chou (1962) and Sugaya et al. (1964) also found that many intracellularly recorded neurons in cat sensorimotor cortex did not respond to cortical-surface stimulation. After surface stimulation, neurons first become active in the middle third of the cortex, although activity begin ...
... stimulation. Li and Chou (1962) and Sugaya et al. (1964) also found that many intracellularly recorded neurons in cat sensorimotor cortex did not respond to cortical-surface stimulation. After surface stimulation, neurons first become active in the middle third of the cortex, although activity begin ...
Time representation in reinforcement learning models of
... Reinforcement learning models have been influential in understanding many aspects of basal ganglia function, from reward prediction to action selection. Time plays an important role in these models, but there is still no theoretical consensus about what kind of time representation is used by the bas ...
... Reinforcement learning models have been influential in understanding many aspects of basal ganglia function, from reward prediction to action selection. Time plays an important role in these models, but there is still no theoretical consensus about what kind of time representation is used by the bas ...
Brainstem (II)
... Large‐diameter afferents with soma in the DRG (1st order), conveying information about position and movement of limb and the details of tactile stimuli, enter the spinal cord and ascend through the ipsilateral posterior funiculus (column) and terminates in the ipsilateral posterior column nucl ...
... Large‐diameter afferents with soma in the DRG (1st order), conveying information about position and movement of limb and the details of tactile stimuli, enter the spinal cord and ascend through the ipsilateral posterior funiculus (column) and terminates in the ipsilateral posterior column nucl ...
unit 6 study guide
... e. tendency of organisms to generalize conditioned responses. 28. Which of the following provides evidence that a CR is not completely eliminated during extinction? a. latent learning b. partial reinforcement c. spontaneous recovery d. generalization e. discrimination 29. Long after being bitten by ...
... e. tendency of organisms to generalize conditioned responses. 28. Which of the following provides evidence that a CR is not completely eliminated during extinction? a. latent learning b. partial reinforcement c. spontaneous recovery d. generalization e. discrimination 29. Long after being bitten by ...
Chapter 15: Neural Integration I: Sensory Pathways and the Somatic
... capsule soon relieves pressure on the sensory process. 3. Somatic sensory information comes from lamellated corpuscles located throughout the dermis, especially in the fingers, mammary glands, and external genitalia; in the superficial and deep fasciae; and in joint capsules. 4. Visceral sensory inf ...
... capsule soon relieves pressure on the sensory process. 3. Somatic sensory information comes from lamellated corpuscles located throughout the dermis, especially in the fingers, mammary glands, and external genitalia; in the superficial and deep fasciae; and in joint capsules. 4. Visceral sensory inf ...
May 21, 04copy.doc
... GABA Receptor Subunits and Sensory Deprivation GABAA receptors subunits comprise a family of at least 17 subunits (Davies et al., 1997). Each subunit is expressed in a particular laminar pattern in SI and visual cortex (V1). For instance, in SI and V1, the α1 subunit, which is present in the majori ...
... GABA Receptor Subunits and Sensory Deprivation GABAA receptors subunits comprise a family of at least 17 subunits (Davies et al., 1997). Each subunit is expressed in a particular laminar pattern in SI and visual cortex (V1). For instance, in SI and V1, the α1 subunit, which is present in the majori ...
Functional circuitry underlying visual neglect
... (Group A), we induced neglect by unilateral cooling deactivation of parietal cortex. Cooling does not induce neural compensations, and a stable neglect state is generated for the duration of cooling (Lomber and Payne, 1996; Payne et al., 1996a). In another group (Group B), we made large unilateral v ...
... (Group A), we induced neglect by unilateral cooling deactivation of parietal cortex. Cooling does not induce neural compensations, and a stable neglect state is generated for the duration of cooling (Lomber and Payne, 1996; Payne et al., 1996a). In another group (Group B), we made large unilateral v ...
Distinct core thalamocortical pathways to central and dorsal primary
... Accepted 30 November 2010 Available online 8 December 2010 ...
... Accepted 30 November 2010 Available online 8 December 2010 ...
The Physiology of the Senses Lecture 6 Visually Guided Actions
... Like the superior colliculus (SC), the retina the primary visual cortex (V1), the parietal eye fields (PEF), and the frontal eye fields (FEF) have topographic maps where the location of a group of active cells indicates the relative location of a target in the visual field. This becomes a map for th ...
... Like the superior colliculus (SC), the retina the primary visual cortex (V1), the parietal eye fields (PEF), and the frontal eye fields (FEF) have topographic maps where the location of a group of active cells indicates the relative location of a target in the visual field. This becomes a map for th ...
ChennWalshCeCortexJu..
... The most striking feature of the transgenic brains is the dramatic expansion of the size of the subventricular zone. Deep to the cerebral cortex, transgenic brains show large aggregates of neurons that are never seen in normal brains. These new neuronal ‘structures’ reside deep to the cerebral corte ...
... The most striking feature of the transgenic brains is the dramatic expansion of the size of the subventricular zone. Deep to the cerebral cortex, transgenic brains show large aggregates of neurons that are never seen in normal brains. These new neuronal ‘structures’ reside deep to the cerebral corte ...
View PDF - CiteSeerX
... Figure 1. Temporal estimation data from humans (A, B) or rats (C, D) using peak-interval timing procedures. In the peak-interval procedure used with humans, participants were instructed to watch as a blue square appeared on a computer screen and to be “aware” of the amount of time that passed (eithe ...
... Figure 1. Temporal estimation data from humans (A, B) or rats (C, D) using peak-interval timing procedures. In the peak-interval procedure used with humans, participants were instructed to watch as a blue square appeared on a computer screen and to be “aware” of the amount of time that passed (eithe ...
21 June 2001
... and humans. The STG is located at the transition between the two major pathways of cortical visual processing, the 'what' and 'where' systems, respectively18. The STG is known to receive polysensory input from both streams thus representing a site of multimodal sensory convergence19-22. Our finding ...
... and humans. The STG is located at the transition between the two major pathways of cortical visual processing, the 'what' and 'where' systems, respectively18. The STG is known to receive polysensory input from both streams thus representing a site of multimodal sensory convergence19-22. Our finding ...
The Rat Ventromedial Thalamic Nucleus and Motor Control: Role of
... al., 1979; Carter and Fibiger, 1978; Haroian et al., 198 1; Herkenham, 1979; Jones, 1975). In contrast to the primate thalamus, where cerebellar and basal ganglia inputs are clearly segregated, the afferents to the rat VM are convergent (Asanuma et al., 1983; Herkenham, 1979; Schell and Strick, 1984 ...
... al., 1979; Carter and Fibiger, 1978; Haroian et al., 198 1; Herkenham, 1979; Jones, 1975). In contrast to the primate thalamus, where cerebellar and basal ganglia inputs are clearly segregated, the afferents to the rat VM are convergent (Asanuma et al., 1983; Herkenham, 1979; Schell and Strick, 1984 ...
Brainstem (II)
... Large-diameter afferents with soma in the DRG (1st order), conveying information about position and movement of limb and the details of tactile stimuli, enter the spinal cord and ascend through the ipsilateral posterior funiculus (column) and terminates in the ipsilateral posterior column nuclei (nu ...
... Large-diameter afferents with soma in the DRG (1st order), conveying information about position and movement of limb and the details of tactile stimuli, enter the spinal cord and ascend through the ipsilateral posterior funiculus (column) and terminates in the ipsilateral posterior column nuclei (nu ...
T3 Final Paper - Drew University
... odors were processed in the OT and the hippocampus, which receives less prominent olfactory input. In contrast to previous recordings conducted in the lab, none of the cells recorded showed clear patterned responses to any of the odors presented, suggesting that they were not tuned. However, a more ...
... odors were processed in the OT and the hippocampus, which receives less prominent olfactory input. In contrast to previous recordings conducted in the lab, none of the cells recorded showed clear patterned responses to any of the odors presented, suggesting that they were not tuned. However, a more ...
THE AMYGDALA AND REWARD
... with objects through daily test sessions that involve a large set of visual-discrimination problems. On each trial, two objects are presented; one object is always baited and the other is never baited. The monkeys learn to displace only those objects that overlie food rewards. Half of the positive o ...
... with objects through daily test sessions that involve a large set of visual-discrimination problems. On each trial, two objects are presented; one object is always baited and the other is never baited. The monkeys learn to displace only those objects that overlie food rewards. Half of the positive o ...
the amygdala and reward
... with objects through daily test sessions that involve a large set of visual-discrimination problems. On each trial, two objects are presented; one object is always baited and the other is never baited. The monkeys learn to displace only those objects that overlie food rewards. Half of the positive o ...
... with objects through daily test sessions that involve a large set of visual-discrimination problems. On each trial, two objects are presented; one object is always baited and the other is never baited. The monkeys learn to displace only those objects that overlie food rewards. Half of the positive o ...
Neurotoxic Lesions of Basolateral, But Not Central, Amygdala
... studies suggests that these attentional functions are regulated by the CN independently of other processes involved in appetitive conditioning. First, rats with CN lesions were unimpaired in their acquisition of conditioned responses (CRs) directed to the food cup, similar to the behaviors controlle ...
... studies suggests that these attentional functions are regulated by the CN independently of other processes involved in appetitive conditioning. First, rats with CN lesions were unimpaired in their acquisition of conditioned responses (CRs) directed to the food cup, similar to the behaviors controlle ...
Methods for reducing interference in the Complementary Learning
... plasticity with the assistance of a hippocampal system that can rapidly memorize events and play them back to cortex in an ‘off-line’ fashion. In Section 1.2, we describe the basic properties of CLS, and how it is meant to solve stability– plasticity. We also briefly review some of the many ways in ...
... plasticity with the assistance of a hippocampal system that can rapidly memorize events and play them back to cortex in an ‘off-line’ fashion. In Section 1.2, we describe the basic properties of CLS, and how it is meant to solve stability– plasticity. We also briefly review some of the many ways in ...
Whisker sensory system – From receptor to decision
... 1986). Among the most prominent are Merkel endings. Other populations include lanceloate endings, which are a form of free nerve ending. The relations between the morphology and location of a receptor and detailed neuronal response properties remain unknown; to date, ganglion cell responses have bee ...
... 1986). Among the most prominent are Merkel endings. Other populations include lanceloate endings, which are a form of free nerve ending. The relations between the morphology and location of a receptor and detailed neuronal response properties remain unknown; to date, ganglion cell responses have bee ...
Cerebral cortex and the clinical expression of
... The clinical phenotype of Huntington’s disease (HD) is far more complex and variable than depictions of it as a progressive movement disorder dominated by neostriatal pathology represent.The availability of novel neuroimaging methods has enabled us to evaluate cerebral cortical changes in HD, which ...
... The clinical phenotype of Huntington’s disease (HD) is far more complex and variable than depictions of it as a progressive movement disorder dominated by neostriatal pathology represent.The availability of novel neuroimaging methods has enabled us to evaluate cerebral cortical changes in HD, which ...
amino acid uptake, content, and metabolism by neuronal and glial
... exhibited a heterogeneous size and morphology, indicating that several cell types were present. The top band of the 60% gradient (fraction 4) was comprised almost entirely of nucleated cell bodies (Fig. 10). As with fraction 3, several types of cells were present in this fraction, but in both of the ...
... exhibited a heterogeneous size and morphology, indicating that several cell types were present. The top band of the 60% gradient (fraction 4) was comprised almost entirely of nucleated cell bodies (Fig. 10). As with fraction 3, several types of cells were present in this fraction, but in both of the ...