Distinct Representations and Theta Dynamics in Dorsal and Ventral
... corresponding to the red pixels. Right, Same display for a representative neuron from vCA3. D, Left, The seven-arm radial maze had two open arms and five arms with 35-cm-high blue (2 arms) and black (3 arms) walls. The rat’s trajectory has been decomposed into outbound (top) and inbound (bottom) tra ...
... corresponding to the red pixels. Right, Same display for a representative neuron from vCA3. D, Left, The seven-arm radial maze had two open arms and five arms with 35-cm-high blue (2 arms) and black (3 arms) walls. The rat’s trajectory has been decomposed into outbound (top) and inbound (bottom) tra ...
Memory from the dynamics of intrinsic membrane currents
... by the Kv1.3 current caused the cell to fire tonically when depolarized but not to fire bursts of action potentials in response to a short depolarization. When a longer current pulse was applied, the neuron initially fired tonically, but then as Kv1.3 slowly inactivated, the cell moved back into its ...
... by the Kv1.3 current caused the cell to fire tonically when depolarized but not to fire bursts of action potentials in response to a short depolarization. When a longer current pulse was applied, the neuron initially fired tonically, but then as Kv1.3 slowly inactivated, the cell moved back into its ...
The spinal trigeminal nucleus — considerations on the
... The caudal part (nucleus caudalis) of the spinal trigeminal nucleus is considered to be the site of the second order neurons of the nociceptive pathways of the face. Recent studies have supported the co-participation in these circuits of the oral part of the same nucleus (nucleus oralis). The aims o ...
... The caudal part (nucleus caudalis) of the spinal trigeminal nucleus is considered to be the site of the second order neurons of the nociceptive pathways of the face. Recent studies have supported the co-participation in these circuits of the oral part of the same nucleus (nucleus oralis). The aims o ...
A soft-wired hypothalamus
... have substantial plasticity, some of which is retained in adulthood. Synapses in the magnocellular system are rearranged during changes in water homeostasis31, and they are rearranged in the arcuate nucleus interneuronal system as a result of variations in the gonadal steroid milieu32. Such synaptic ...
... have substantial plasticity, some of which is retained in adulthood. Synapses in the magnocellular system are rearranged during changes in water homeostasis31, and they are rearranged in the arcuate nucleus interneuronal system as a result of variations in the gonadal steroid milieu32. Such synaptic ...
Calcium-activated chloride channels: a new target to
... as expression levels of various ion channels in the plasma membrane of cells. Neurons with a prolonged stimulus initially express a high frequency of firing patterns, followed by gradually declined frequency. This reduction in the firing frequency of the spike ...
... as expression levels of various ion channels in the plasma membrane of cells. Neurons with a prolonged stimulus initially express a high frequency of firing patterns, followed by gradually declined frequency. This reduction in the firing frequency of the spike ...
p57 regulates radial glia and intermediate precursor
... specifically in layers 2-5. In conclusion, our observations suggest that p57KIP2 and p27KIP1 control neuronal output for distinct cortical layers by regulating different stages of precursor proliferation, and support a model in which IPCs contribute to both lower and upper layer neuron generation. ...
... specifically in layers 2-5. In conclusion, our observations suggest that p57KIP2 and p27KIP1 control neuronal output for distinct cortical layers by regulating different stages of precursor proliferation, and support a model in which IPCs contribute to both lower and upper layer neuron generation. ...
What is the other 85% of V1 doing?
... of a neuron that seems unresponsive, it is still important to know in what way these neurons are unresponsive. What are the statistics of activity? Do they tend to appear bursty or tonic? Do they tend to be encountered in particular layers of cortex? And most importantly, are they merely unresponsiv ...
... of a neuron that seems unresponsive, it is still important to know in what way these neurons are unresponsive. What are the statistics of activity? Do they tend to appear bursty or tonic? Do they tend to be encountered in particular layers of cortex? And most importantly, are they merely unresponsiv ...
Optimized Parallel Coding of Second
... Efficient processing of sensory input is essential to ensure an organism’s survival in its natural environment. Growing evidence suggests that sensory neurons can optimally encode natural stimuli by ensuring that their tuning opposes stimulus statistics, such that the resulting neuronal response con ...
... Efficient processing of sensory input is essential to ensure an organism’s survival in its natural environment. Growing evidence suggests that sensory neurons can optimally encode natural stimuli by ensuring that their tuning opposes stimulus statistics, such that the resulting neuronal response con ...
optimization of neuronal cultures derived from human induced
... with poly-D-lysine with or without laminin. For some experiments, iCell Neurons or rat neurons were cultured with rat or human astrocytes (Lonza) grown as a monolayer. iCell Neurons and rat neurons were seeded on the same plates and tested in parallel. iCell Neurons grown in the absence of glia were ...
... with poly-D-lysine with or without laminin. For some experiments, iCell Neurons or rat neurons were cultured with rat or human astrocytes (Lonza) grown as a monolayer. iCell Neurons and rat neurons were seeded on the same plates and tested in parallel. iCell Neurons grown in the absence of glia were ...
I study the neural circuits that move bodies
... A neuron uses this ability to rapidly transmit information down its axon in the form of a positive-feedback loop we call an action potential (sometime abbreviated to AP). Axons express voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) that open when the membrane potential is made more positive (“depolarized”, s ...
... A neuron uses this ability to rapidly transmit information down its axon in the form of a positive-feedback loop we call an action potential (sometime abbreviated to AP). Axons express voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) that open when the membrane potential is made more positive (“depolarized”, s ...
Developmental mechanics of the primate cerebral cortex
... friction of the cortical sheet with underlying subcortical structures (His 1874) or the association of the cortical plate with the sub-plate during development (Armstrong et al. 1995). However, these general factors do not explain the specific placement, orientation, and characteristic shape of convo ...
... friction of the cortical sheet with underlying subcortical structures (His 1874) or the association of the cortical plate with the sub-plate during development (Armstrong et al. 1995). However, these general factors do not explain the specific placement, orientation, and characteristic shape of convo ...
- Valiente Lab
... a neurodevelopmental disorder with a strong genetic component1,2. Several independent studies have identified neuregulin 1 (NRG1) and its receptor ERBB4 as important risk genes for schizophrenia3,4, although their precise role in the disease process remains unknown. Here we show that Nrg1 and ErbB4 ...
... a neurodevelopmental disorder with a strong genetic component1,2. Several independent studies have identified neuregulin 1 (NRG1) and its receptor ERBB4 as important risk genes for schizophrenia3,4, although their precise role in the disease process remains unknown. Here we show that Nrg1 and ErbB4 ...
Interplay of environmental signals and progenitor diversity on fate
... the two most abundant classes of cortical interneurons with non-overlapping molecular identities and relatively large cell bodies (>20µm; DeFelipe, 1993, 1997; Kawaguchi and Kondo, 2002). GABAergic interneurons expressing PV make up ∼40% of all cortical interneurons of which basket and chandelier ce ...
... the two most abundant classes of cortical interneurons with non-overlapping molecular identities and relatively large cell bodies (>20µm; DeFelipe, 1993, 1997; Kawaguchi and Kondo, 2002). GABAergic interneurons expressing PV make up ∼40% of all cortical interneurons of which basket and chandelier ce ...
Fig. 1 - Journal of Neuroscience
... During mammalian cortical development, division of progenitor cells occurs at the apical ventricular zone. Apical complex proteins and adherens junctions regulate the different modes of division. Here, we have identified the membrane-associated guanylate kinase protein membrane palmitoylated protein ...
... During mammalian cortical development, division of progenitor cells occurs at the apical ventricular zone. Apical complex proteins and adherens junctions regulate the different modes of division. Here, we have identified the membrane-associated guanylate kinase protein membrane palmitoylated protein ...
Heterogeneous Integration of Adult
... could be followed to their endings and clearly visible dendritic spines), reported here; data not shown) hemizygous for the Gli1-CreER T2 with their somas contained within the tissue section and within the grantransgene and heterozygous for the GFP reporter transgene were used ule cell body layer, w ...
... could be followed to their endings and clearly visible dendritic spines), reported here; data not shown) hemizygous for the Gli1-CreER T2 with their somas contained within the tissue section and within the grantransgene and heterozygous for the GFP reporter transgene were used ule cell body layer, w ...
Self-Organization and Functional Role of Lateral Connections and
... lateral connectivity of the cortex is not explicitly taken into account. Such models do not explicitly replicate the activity dynamics of the visual cortex, and therefore can make only limited predictions about interactions between receptive elds and cortical function. Recent experiments have shown ...
... lateral connectivity of the cortex is not explicitly taken into account. Such models do not explicitly replicate the activity dynamics of the visual cortex, and therefore can make only limited predictions about interactions between receptive elds and cortical function. Recent experiments have shown ...
mRNA at the Synapse - Journal of Neuroscience
... Figure 1. Electron micrographs of the MF-CA3 synapse. a, MF-CA3 synapse in stratum lucidum of hippocampal area CA3 (from Chicurel and Harris, 1992). b, MF-CA3 synaptosomal preparation. Arrows indicate ribosome clusters; arrowheads indicate PSDs. MF, MF boutons; D, dendritic spines; A, astrocyte proc ...
... Figure 1. Electron micrographs of the MF-CA3 synapse. a, MF-CA3 synapse in stratum lucidum of hippocampal area CA3 (from Chicurel and Harris, 1992). b, MF-CA3 synaptosomal preparation. Arrows indicate ribosome clusters; arrowheads indicate PSDs. MF, MF boutons; D, dendritic spines; A, astrocyte proc ...
Heterotopic Transcallosal Projections Are Present throughout the
... located in layers II/III and to a lesser extent layer V of the cortex. Their axons form the corpus callosum thereby providing an inter-hemispheric connection in the brain. While transcallosal projection neurons have been described in some detail before, it is so far unclear whether they are uniforml ...
... located in layers II/III and to a lesser extent layer V of the cortex. Their axons form the corpus callosum thereby providing an inter-hemispheric connection in the brain. While transcallosal projection neurons have been described in some detail before, it is so far unclear whether they are uniforml ...
Cerebellum Learning objectives At the end of this lecture, the
... – Single long axon cells – Single layer – Dendrtic spines – Axons pass to the white matter bcomes myelinated – Synapses with • Intracerebellar nuclei • Basket and stellate cells • Vestibular nuclei in brainstem • Granular layer – Numerous small cells – Parallel fibres • Mossy fibres : originate in a ...
... – Single long axon cells – Single layer – Dendrtic spines – Axons pass to the white matter bcomes myelinated – Synapses with • Intracerebellar nuclei • Basket and stellate cells • Vestibular nuclei in brainstem • Granular layer – Numerous small cells – Parallel fibres • Mossy fibres : originate in a ...
FIGURE LEGENDS FIGURE 19.1 Evidence of synapse elimination
... innervating each ganglion cell, identified by electrophysiological measurements, decreases (see the number of electrophysiological steps (arrow), each representing an input, at early postnatal life and in adult ganglion neurons, see lower panels). Thus axons that are not removed create new synapses ...
... innervating each ganglion cell, identified by electrophysiological measurements, decreases (see the number of electrophysiological steps (arrow), each representing an input, at early postnatal life and in adult ganglion neurons, see lower panels). Thus axons that are not removed create new synapses ...
Hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells form functionally
... frequently, were more likely to have place fields and were more strongly modulated by slow oscillations of sleep. Both deep and superficial pyramidal cells fired preferentially at the trough of theta oscillations during maze exploration, whereas deep pyramidal cells shifted their preferred phase of ...
... frequently, were more likely to have place fields and were more strongly modulated by slow oscillations of sleep. Both deep and superficial pyramidal cells fired preferentially at the trough of theta oscillations during maze exploration, whereas deep pyramidal cells shifted their preferred phase of ...
Distinct or Gradually Changing Spatial and Nonspatial
... might subserve different functions. However, support for this idea comes mainly from neuroanatomical studies; very few electrophysiological studies systematically tested differences along the dorsoventral axis, especially at its ventral most tip (Andersen et al., 2007). A recent study published in t ...
... might subserve different functions. However, support for this idea comes mainly from neuroanatomical studies; very few electrophysiological studies systematically tested differences along the dorsoventral axis, especially at its ventral most tip (Andersen et al., 2007). A recent study published in t ...
Life and Death of Neurons in the Aging Brain
... and thereby playing a crucial role in memory (9, 10) (Fig. 1). This circuit is invariably devastated by extensive NF T formation in AD, even at the earliest stages of the disease (11). The layer II neurons of the EC are rich in neurofilament protein in the healthy state, but even after normal aging, ...
... and thereby playing a crucial role in memory (9, 10) (Fig. 1). This circuit is invariably devastated by extensive NF T formation in AD, even at the earliest stages of the disease (11). The layer II neurons of the EC are rich in neurofilament protein in the healthy state, but even after normal aging, ...
Cellular mechanisms underlying network synchrony in the medial
... Randomly-timed large deflections of the EEG signal lasting for 200-300 msec During slow-wave sleep and awake immobility Generated by recurrent excitation in the CA3 Ripple oscillations (150-250Hz) ride on sharp waves in CA1 The ...
... Randomly-timed large deflections of the EEG signal lasting for 200-300 msec During slow-wave sleep and awake immobility Generated by recurrent excitation in the CA3 Ripple oscillations (150-250Hz) ride on sharp waves in CA1 The ...
Millisecond-Timescale Optical Control of Neural Dynamics in the
... optical fiber (200 mm diameter) and electrode (200 mm shank diameter) in guide tubes. (B and C) Increases in spiking activity in one neuron during blue light illumination (five pulses, 20 ms duration each [B], and 1 pulse, 200 ms duration [C]). In each panel, shown at top is a spike raster plot disp ...
... optical fiber (200 mm diameter) and electrode (200 mm shank diameter) in guide tubes. (B and C) Increases in spiking activity in one neuron during blue light illumination (five pulses, 20 ms duration each [B], and 1 pulse, 200 ms duration [C]). In each panel, shown at top is a spike raster plot disp ...