Lange Physiology > Section II
... postsynaptic cell (climbing fibers of the cerebellum) or end on the dendrites directly (apical dendrites of cortical pyramidal cells). Some end on axons of postsynaptic neurons or on the axons (axoaxonal endings). On average, each neuron divides to form over 2000 synaptic endings, and since the huma ...
... postsynaptic cell (climbing fibers of the cerebellum) or end on the dendrites directly (apical dendrites of cortical pyramidal cells). Some end on axons of postsynaptic neurons or on the axons (axoaxonal endings). On average, each neuron divides to form over 2000 synaptic endings, and since the huma ...
Irregular persistent activity induced by synaptic excitatory feedback
... neurons, using both numerical simulations and analytical techniques. The results are then confirmed in a network with selective excitatory neurons and inhibition. In both the cases there is a large range of values of the synaptic efficacies for which the statistics of firing of single cells is similar ...
... neurons, using both numerical simulations and analytical techniques. The results are then confirmed in a network with selective excitatory neurons and inhibition. In both the cases there is a large range of values of the synaptic efficacies for which the statistics of firing of single cells is similar ...
The Temporal Profile of 72-kDa Heat
... Figure 1. Section from lateral cortex (200x) of rat subject to 15 min of &hernia notable (monoclonal antibody to HSP72 protein, courtesy of M. Welch). tially in H,O, 70%, 95%, and 100% EtOH, and xylene, then in lOO%, 95%, and 70% EtOH and H,O for 3 min each. Slides were then placed into a solution o ...
... Figure 1. Section from lateral cortex (200x) of rat subject to 15 min of &hernia notable (monoclonal antibody to HSP72 protein, courtesy of M. Welch). tially in H,O, 70%, 95%, and 100% EtOH, and xylene, then in lOO%, 95%, and 70% EtOH and H,O for 3 min each. Slides were then placed into a solution o ...
Early Neural Patterning •Neural induction
... ventral to the neural plate at the midline -Neural folds/crests get tucked up and act as hinges to fold downwards while the midline buckle upwards to form the neural groove -Neural folds/crests (lateral borders) continue to move towards each other and fuse at the midline → neural groove becomes one ...
... ventral to the neural plate at the midline -Neural folds/crests get tucked up and act as hinges to fold downwards while the midline buckle upwards to form the neural groove -Neural folds/crests (lateral borders) continue to move towards each other and fuse at the midline → neural groove becomes one ...
The Involvement of Recurrent Connections in Area CA3 in
... be combined with visual information to determine EC activities. In the model, each EC cell is assumed to respond to a subset of the available cues. Based on the suggestion that EC is involved in conjunctive coding (Myers et al., 1995), each EC cell in our model combines in a conjunctive manner the s ...
... be combined with visual information to determine EC activities. In the model, each EC cell is assumed to respond to a subset of the available cues. Based on the suggestion that EC is involved in conjunctive coding (Myers et al., 1995), each EC cell in our model combines in a conjunctive manner the s ...
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... according to their dominant apical dendrites that give off branches as they extend from the cell body to the pial surface. These neurons were also identified according to the shape of their cell bodies and by the presence of basal dendrites. The apical dendrites of most layer III and V pyramidal neu ...
... according to their dominant apical dendrites that give off branches as they extend from the cell body to the pial surface. These neurons were also identified according to the shape of their cell bodies and by the presence of basal dendrites. The apical dendrites of most layer III and V pyramidal neu ...
emboj2008265-sup
... Supplementary Figure 7. Identity of cortactin bands labeled by the cortactin antibody. (A) Western analysis showing cortactin antibody specificity in 293 cells transfected with HA-cortactin-myc (+) and control cells (-). Endogenous cortactin is already expressed by this cell line (Ctn band). The co ...
... Supplementary Figure 7. Identity of cortactin bands labeled by the cortactin antibody. (A) Western analysis showing cortactin antibody specificity in 293 cells transfected with HA-cortactin-myc (+) and control cells (-). Endogenous cortactin is already expressed by this cell line (Ctn band). The co ...
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... 4.1. The distributions of degenerated axon terminals and WGA-HRP-labeled cells in the Sg In AChE-stained sections, the label found in the Sg was expressed unevenly, as shown in Fig. 3A; it exhibited a patchy profile featuring both darkly and lightly stained portions (Graybiel and Berson, 1980; Hoshin ...
... 4.1. The distributions of degenerated axon terminals and WGA-HRP-labeled cells in the Sg In AChE-stained sections, the label found in the Sg was expressed unevenly, as shown in Fig. 3A; it exhibited a patchy profile featuring both darkly and lightly stained portions (Graybiel and Berson, 1980; Hoshin ...
“Black” Responses Dominate Macaque Primary Visual Cortex
... in the primary visual cortex V1 (cf. Sherk and Horton, 1984; Reid and Alonso, 1995), which provides information to higher cortical areas that are critical for detecting boundary and shape (Pasupathy and Connor, 1999; Zhou et al., 2000). It is known that responses of ON and OFF retinal and thalamic n ...
... in the primary visual cortex V1 (cf. Sherk and Horton, 1984; Reid and Alonso, 1995), which provides information to higher cortical areas that are critical for detecting boundary and shape (Pasupathy and Connor, 1999; Zhou et al., 2000). It is known that responses of ON and OFF retinal and thalamic n ...
Cell assemblies in the cerebral cortex Günther Palm, Andreas
... “To say that an animal responds to sensory stimuli may not be the most natural and efficient way to describe behaviour. Rather, it appears that animals most of the time react to situations, to opponents or things which they actively isolate from their environment. Situations, things, partners or opp ...
... “To say that an animal responds to sensory stimuli may not be the most natural and efficient way to describe behaviour. Rather, it appears that animals most of the time react to situations, to opponents or things which they actively isolate from their environment. Situations, things, partners or opp ...
Microstructure of the neocortex: Comparative aspects
... humans and how does it differ from that of other species? It is clear that distinct cortical areas show important differences within both the same and different species, and this has led to some researchers emphasizing the similarities whereas others focus on the differences. In general, despite of ...
... humans and how does it differ from that of other species? It is clear that distinct cortical areas show important differences within both the same and different species, and this has led to some researchers emphasizing the similarities whereas others focus on the differences. In general, despite of ...
~ Pergamon
... in eulaminate areas. Positive neurons were concentrated" in a deep band (layers V and VI), a superficial band (layers II and upper III), and were sparsely distributed in the central, thalamic recipient zone (deep layer III, layer IV and upper V). The highest densities of positive neurons were observ ...
... in eulaminate areas. Positive neurons were concentrated" in a deep band (layers V and VI), a superficial band (layers II and upper III), and were sparsely distributed in the central, thalamic recipient zone (deep layer III, layer IV and upper V). The highest densities of positive neurons were observ ...
GustOlf9
... Olfactory tract bifurcates into lateral and medial olfactory striae. Axons from other brain regions projecting to olfactory bulb synapse with the medial. Axons from the olfactory bulb itself lateral. One 1° projection (cortical region) is seen directly caudal to these on basal forebrain: olfactory ...
... Olfactory tract bifurcates into lateral and medial olfactory striae. Axons from other brain regions projecting to olfactory bulb synapse with the medial. Axons from the olfactory bulb itself lateral. One 1° projection (cortical region) is seen directly caudal to these on basal forebrain: olfactory ...
Synaptic Targets of Medial Septal Projections in the Hippocampus
... or dendrites immunopositive for interneuron cell-type molecular markers, such as parvalbumin, calbindin, calretinin, N-terminal EFhand calcium-binding protein 1, cholecystokinin, reelin, or a combination of these molecules. Electron microscopic observations revealed septal boutons forming axosomatic ...
... or dendrites immunopositive for interneuron cell-type molecular markers, such as parvalbumin, calbindin, calretinin, N-terminal EFhand calcium-binding protein 1, cholecystokinin, reelin, or a combination of these molecules. Electron microscopic observations revealed septal boutons forming axosomatic ...
Anatomical origins of the classical receptive field and modulatory
... response.Fit, direct thalamic input can determine the size of the initial activating RF at high contrast. Second lateral connections can enlarge the RF at low contrast by pooling information from larger regions of cortex that are otherwise ineft%ctive when high contrast thalamic inpnt is driving the ...
... response.Fit, direct thalamic input can determine the size of the initial activating RF at high contrast. Second lateral connections can enlarge the RF at low contrast by pooling information from larger regions of cortex that are otherwise ineft%ctive when high contrast thalamic inpnt is driving the ...
Optimization of neuronal cultures derived from human
... circles show active presynaptic sites in rat and iCell neurons respectively. Preliminary data suggest that pre-synaptic responses are similar in active synapses between rat and iCell neurons. This suggests that the difference in MANTRA activity observed between rat and human neurons might reflect a ...
... circles show active presynaptic sites in rat and iCell neurons respectively. Preliminary data suggest that pre-synaptic responses are similar in active synapses between rat and iCell neurons. This suggests that the difference in MANTRA activity observed between rat and human neurons might reflect a ...
5. the architecture of the visual cortex
... collapsed and not visible. What we see in this rear view is mostly the surface of the occipital lobe of the cortex, the area that is concerned with vision and that comprises not only the striate cortex but also one or two dozen or more prestriate areas. To get a halfmillimeter-thick plate of nervous ...
... collapsed and not visible. What we see in this rear view is mostly the surface of the occipital lobe of the cortex, the area that is concerned with vision and that comprises not only the striate cortex but also one or two dozen or more prestriate areas. To get a halfmillimeter-thick plate of nervous ...
PDF - Folia Biologica
... Cajal who recognized that they are particularly abundant in the cortex of higher primates and in human neocortex, and therefore were likely to be responsible for higher brain functions (Ramón y Cajal, 1911). The specific functions of cortical GABAergic interneurons are accomplished through a remarkab ...
... Cajal who recognized that they are particularly abundant in the cortex of higher primates and in human neocortex, and therefore were likely to be responsible for higher brain functions (Ramón y Cajal, 1911). The specific functions of cortical GABAergic interneurons are accomplished through a remarkab ...
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... the mature cortex. Pia (or pia mater). Innermost layer of the meninges that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. Preplate. Located between the pia and the ventricular zone, it contains the earliest born neurons and represents the beginning of corticogenesis prior to the emergence of the cortical pla ...
... the mature cortex. Pia (or pia mater). Innermost layer of the meninges that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. Preplate. Located between the pia and the ventricular zone, it contains the earliest born neurons and represents the beginning of corticogenesis prior to the emergence of the cortical pla ...
Hippocampal Formation
... gyrus appears to be ‘biting’ the hippocampus proper (see Figure 1). The hippocampus proper is divided into three main subdivisions: CA1, CA2, and CA3. CA stands for ‘Cornu Ammonis,’ which refers to Amun’s horns, named after the ancient Egyptian god of the hidden world whose symbol was ram’s horn. Th ...
... gyrus appears to be ‘biting’ the hippocampus proper (see Figure 1). The hippocampus proper is divided into three main subdivisions: CA1, CA2, and CA3. CA stands for ‘Cornu Ammonis,’ which refers to Amun’s horns, named after the ancient Egyptian god of the hidden world whose symbol was ram’s horn. Th ...
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... spatially segregated, adjacent bands across the simple cell receptive field, an arrangement that endows the cell with orientation selectivity. As predicted by this model, a manipulation (such as ABP injection) that alters the correlational structure of this activity should disrupt receptive field de ...
... spatially segregated, adjacent bands across the simple cell receptive field, an arrangement that endows the cell with orientation selectivity. As predicted by this model, a manipulation (such as ABP injection) that alters the correlational structure of this activity should disrupt receptive field de ...
Basal Ganglia: Internal Organization
... two routes, the so-called direct and indirect pathways. In the direct pathway, cortical and thalamic information is transmitted directly from the striatum to the output nuclei. In the indirect pathway, cortical and thalamic information is transmitted indirectly to the output nuclei via the complex n ...
... two routes, the so-called direct and indirect pathways. In the direct pathway, cortical and thalamic information is transmitted directly from the striatum to the output nuclei. In the indirect pathway, cortical and thalamic information is transmitted indirectly to the output nuclei via the complex n ...
Harding, G. W. and A. L. Towe. 1995. Neuron Response to Direct
... modulation reside near neurons with strong facilitatory modulation, and neurons that respond early to surface stimulation reside near those that respond late, or not at all, to the same stimulus. The simplicity of the response which is obtained near the site of strong surface stimulation, where most ...
... modulation reside near neurons with strong facilitatory modulation, and neurons that respond early to surface stimulation reside near those that respond late, or not at all, to the same stimulus. The simplicity of the response which is obtained near the site of strong surface stimulation, where most ...
Human Vision: Electrophysiology and Psychophysics
... The neuron is a superchip The neuron is the basic building block for all the activities in the brain – these activities are as diverse as • sensory function – vision, audition, touch, smell • motor functions – muscle contraction • perception eg • cognition For these functions, one neuron can receiv ...
... The neuron is a superchip The neuron is the basic building block for all the activities in the brain – these activities are as diverse as • sensory function – vision, audition, touch, smell • motor functions – muscle contraction • perception eg • cognition For these functions, one neuron can receiv ...
Mechanisms of response homeostasis during retinocollicular map
... bidirectional control of intrinsic excitability. Recently, we showed that the total synaptic input onto individual neurons of the mouse superior colliculus is preserved regardless of the size of their visual receptive fields, a phenomenon we term ‘response homeostasis’. Here, we argue that regulatin ...
... bidirectional control of intrinsic excitability. Recently, we showed that the total synaptic input onto individual neurons of the mouse superior colliculus is preserved regardless of the size of their visual receptive fields, a phenomenon we term ‘response homeostasis’. Here, we argue that regulatin ...