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Normal electrocardiographic findings: recognising
Normal electrocardiographic findings: recognising

... the sinus node with decreased automaticity resulting in a high prevalence of sinus bradycardia.16 17 In the absence of symptoms such as fatigue, dizziness or syncope, a heart rate ≥30 beats/min should be considered normal in a well-trained athlete. Sinus bradycardia disappears with an increase in he ...
Right Ventricular Compression as a Sign of Cardiac
Right Ventricular Compression as a Sign of Cardiac

... space near the left sternal border. The transducer was pointed superiorly and medially and swept inferiorly and laterally to provide images of all intracardiac chambers and valves. End-diastolic and end-systolic dimensions of the ventricles were measured in the minor axis, defined as the level of th ...
The Cardiac Conduction System
The Cardiac Conduction System

... spontaneous diastolic depolarization. Rhythms generated by ...
Iabp2
Iabp2

... Recommendations for the use of IABP in the treatment of AMI Class IIa Signs of hemodynamic instability, poor LV , or persistent ischemia in patients with large areas of myocardium at risk Class IIb Following successful angioplasty to prevent reocclusion Large areas at risk w/o active ischemia ...
Hydatid cyst of the right atrium wall
Hydatid cyst of the right atrium wall

... pulmonary vascular bed, pulmonary vein, left atrium, left ventricle or aorta and through the coronary circulation to the atrial wall. Larvae usually reach the myocardium through the coronary circulation, although the intestinal ...
Vitamin D signaling pathway plays an important role in the
Vitamin D signaling pathway plays an important role in the

... 7.9 million and 5.7 million US adults, respectively (39). Occurrence of left ventricular abnormalities related to remodeling (predominantly progressive chamber dilation, fibrosis, and systolic/diastolic dysfunction) and heart failure often complicates MI (1). Recent data suggest that the prevalent m ...
personal identification and authentication by using “the way
personal identification and authentication by using “the way

... Research by Putte and Keuning [4] that tested several fingerprint sensors to check whether they accept an artificially created (dummy) finger instead of a real finger, provides proof of just how crucial liveness testing is but also just how ineffective these liveness mechanisms currently is. The aut ...
The Cardiovascular System: The Heart
The Cardiovascular System: The Heart

... The ancient Greeks believed the heart was the seat of intelligence. Others thought it was the source of emotions. While these theories have proved false, we do know that emotions affect heart rate. When your heart pounds or occasionally skips a beat, you become acutely aware of how much you depend o ...
Percutaneous Closure of Left Ventricular Pseudoaneurysm
Percutaneous Closure of Left Ventricular Pseudoaneurysm

... surgery. Although standard treatment is surgical intervention, percutaneous closure of left ventricular pseudoaneurysm has become an option for high-risk surgical candidates. Experience with percutaneous treatment is limited to a few single case reports. This is the first series of percutaneous trea ...
Investigation in the Simulation of the Human`s Heart Structure
Investigation in the Simulation of the Human`s Heart Structure

... many other fields as well, so we have to narrow our case study and as it was mentioned the human KHDUW¶VIXQFWLRQ is the chosen field in this way which requires much attention because of its role in the human life. Although, during the last years, many efforts have been done to apply the numerical m ...
Left Axis Deviation in Inferior Infarction
Left Axis Deviation in Inferior Infarction

... changes of inferior infarction but the mean QRS axis remained normal. In the frontal plane, the initial portion of QRS was located superiorly and the rotation of the loop was entirely clockwise. In the experimentally induced beats, aberrant conduction resulted in a leftward shift of the mean QRS axi ...
Consideration of a New Definition of Clinically Relevant
Consideration of a New Definition of Clinically Relevant

... plus either (i) evidence of prolonged ischemia as demonstrated by prolonged chest pain, or (ii) ischemic ST segment changes or new pathological Q waves, or (iii) angiographic evidence of a flow limiting complication, or (iv) imaging evidence of new loss of viable myocardium or new regional wall moti ...
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation by Chest Compression Alone: A
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation by Chest Compression Alone: A

... CPR.57 In contrast to the above, studies on porcine asphyxial cardiac arrest models have shown that the use of chest compressions with rescue breathings are superior to the use of chest compression alone in terms of clinical outcome.58,59 Human studies In accordance with the previously described ani ...
Cardiac Catheterization History and Current Practice Standards
Cardiac Catheterization History and Current Practice Standards

... pharmacologic intervention with heparin and/or a thrombolytic agent in suspected acute pulmonary embolism, the use of high-dose beta-blocker and/or calcium antagonists in suspected hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (versus catheter-based alcohol septal ablation) might well be considered of suf ...
EMERGENCY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE®
EMERGENCY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE®

... Monitoring CVP is useful in patients receiving large volumes of fluids, especially when physical examination is insufficient to assess an end-point for fluid resuscitation. Because CVP can be affected by cardiac function, CVP should also be monitored in patients with suspected heart disease. CVP may ...
See Dr. Sears` vita - East Carolina University
See Dr. Sears` vita - East Carolina University

... resynchronization management (REFORM): Quality of Life and Psychological functioning in patients receiving cardiac resynchronization therapy. Journal of Cardiac Electrophysiology, 25, 43-51. 24) Al-Khatib SM, Fonarow GC, Hayes DL, Curtis AB, Sears SF, Sanders GD, Hernandez AF, Mirro MJ, Thomas KL, E ...
Active myocyte shortening during the `isovolumetric relaxation
Active myocyte shortening during the `isovolumetric relaxation

... Objective: To study the ‘isovolumetric relaxation’ phase of rapid ventricular filling by analysis of the shortening of cardiac muscle in the endocardial and epicardial segments of the left ventricle in the dual helical model of the ventricular band, described by Torrent-Guasp. Methods: In 10 pigs (2 ...
+r———\° 9 I
+r———\° 9 I

... The stimuli are electrical signals having amplitudes sufficient to cause impulses in the atrium of the heart to pass through the damaged His bundle to the ventricle of the heart yet the amplitude of these electrical signals are below a level required to excite the heart tissue. The electrical signal ...
Consulta: subjectFacets:"Heart rate variability" Registros
Consulta: subjectFacets:"Heart rate variability" Registros

... Physical exercise is associated with parasympathetic withdrawal and increased sympathetic activity resulting in heart rate increase. The rate of post-exercise cardiodeceleration is used as an index of cardiac vagal reactivation. Analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) and complexity can provide use ...
correspondence course of the
correspondence course of the

... breathing and heartbeat) has demonstrated that a significant number of casualties can be successfully resuscitated if CPR is provided promptly and followed by more advanced cardiac life support. Prompt response is critical. The American Heart Association reports that the longer CPR is delayed, the l ...
Exercise, the Athlete`s Heart, and Sudden Cardiac Death
Exercise, the Athlete`s Heart, and Sudden Cardiac Death

... Left ventricular function in this cohort was preserved and, interestingly, it was observed that RV remodeling and focal gadolinium enhancement were more prevalent in athletes with a longer history of competitive sports.29 These observations have lent support to the idea that, in susceptible individu ...
influence of the size of aortic valve prostheses on
influence of the size of aortic valve prostheses on

... mostly of patients with systemic arterial hypertension, have confirmed the adverse influence of L V H on life expectancy 9' 10; among patients with aortic valve prostheses implanted to redress aortic stenosis, those with echocardiographically detected L V H have a significantly higher postoperative ...
ACC/AHA/HRS 2008 Guidelines for Device
ACC/AHA/HRS 2008 Guidelines for Device

... for further description of the relationships with industry policy (1). See Appendix 1 for author relationships with industry and Appendix 2 for peer reviewer relationships with industry that are pertinent to this guideline. These practice guidelines are intended to assist health care providers in cl ...
clinical value of unipolar chest and limb leads
clinical value of unipolar chest and limb leads

... Chest leads were first employed in myocardial infarction by Wood and Wolferth in 1932. Before that time their use was limited to the elucidation of the auricular arrhythmias. The original lead IV was an antero-posterior lead since it was hoped that this would register changes in a plane at right ang ...
Videodensitometric ejection fraction from intravenous digital
Videodensitometric ejection fraction from intravenous digital

... television camera have been implicated as causes of error. Our observations (II) and those of others (9,12) indicate that these nonlinearities of signal response contribute a relatively small amount to the errors of videodensitometrically calculated ventricular ejection fraction. However, they canno ...
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Cardiac contractility modulation



Cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) is a treatment for patients with moderate to severe left ventricular systolic heart failure (NYHA class II–IV). The short- and long-term use of this therapy enhances both the strength of ventricular contraction and the heart’s pumping capacity. The CCM mechanism is based on stimulation of the cardiac muscle by non-excitatory electrical signals (NES). CCM treatment is delivered by a pacemaker-like device that applies the NES, adjusted to and synchronized with the electrical action in the cardiac cycle.In CCM therapy, electrical stimulation is applied to the cardiac muscle during the absolute refractory period. In this phase of the cardiac cycle, electrical signals cannot trigger new cardiac muscle contractions, hence this type of stimulation is known as a non-excitatory stimulation. However, the electrical CCM signals increase the influx of calcium ions into the cardiac muscle cells (cardiomyocytes). In contrast to other electrical stimulation treatments for heart failure, such as pacemaker therapy or implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD), CCM does not affect the cardiac rhythm directly. Rather, the aim is to enhance the heart’s natural contraction (the native cardiac contractility) sustainably over long periods of time. Furthermore, unlike most interventions that increase cardiac contractility, CCM is not associated with an unfavorable increase in oxygen demand by the heart (measured in terms of Myocardial Oxygen Consumption or MVO2). This may be explained by the beneficial effect CCM has in improving cardiac efficiency. A meta-analysis in 2014 and an overview of device-based treatment options in heart failure in 2013 concluded that CCM treatment is safe, that it is generally beneficial to patients and that CCM treatment increases the exercise tolerance (ET) and quality of life (QoL) of patients. Furthermore, preliminary long-term survival data shows that CCM is associated with lower long-term mortality in heart failure patients when compared with expected rates among similar patients not treated with CCM.
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