ECG - A Pictorial Primer
... It belongs to the patient you are reviewing. It was obtained on the day and time you requested the examination. Review the patient’s medical history, physical and laboratory findings, diagnosis, and indication of the ECG examination. These pieces of information help to focus your attention when ...
... It belongs to the patient you are reviewing. It was obtained on the day and time you requested the examination. Review the patient’s medical history, physical and laboratory findings, diagnosis, and indication of the ECG examination. These pieces of information help to focus your attention when ...
Starling`s law of the heart is explained by an intimate
... cells in which the sarcolemma has been mechanically removed have been interpreted to indicate that sarcoplasmic Ca 2 +- release mechanisms are indeed length dependent (2527). These studies appear to indicate that the Ca"" -induced release of Ca 2 + is acutely affected by length or the degree of stre ...
... cells in which the sarcolemma has been mechanically removed have been interpreted to indicate that sarcoplasmic Ca 2 +- release mechanisms are indeed length dependent (2527). These studies appear to indicate that the Ca"" -induced release of Ca 2 + is acutely affected by length or the degree of stre ...
Effects of high-dose glucose–insulin–potassium
... during the study period to prevent shivering. To minimize the influence of post-operative events such as extubation, pain, shivering and emotional stress during the study period, the patients were ventilated normally and sedated with a continuous infusion of midazolam (2– 6 mg\h). Analgesia during t ...
... during the study period to prevent shivering. To minimize the influence of post-operative events such as extubation, pain, shivering and emotional stress during the study period, the patients were ventilated normally and sedated with a continuous infusion of midazolam (2– 6 mg\h). Analgesia during t ...
Dosage of enalapril for congestive heart failure in USA
... only be compelling because clopidogrel is so closely related to ticlopidine. There are a lot of data on ticlopidine-induced TTP; the first case was recognized in 1983, among the first 3000 patients studied. Ticlopidine was released in the US in 1991; by 1994, before ticlopidine was used widely in st ...
... only be compelling because clopidogrel is so closely related to ticlopidine. There are a lot of data on ticlopidine-induced TTP; the first case was recognized in 1983, among the first 3000 patients studied. Ticlopidine was released in the US in 1991; by 1994, before ticlopidine was used widely in st ...
Duration of the Phases of Left Ventricular Systole
... the duration of the phases of systole. He demonstrated in the frog heart that augmentation of filling prolonged ejection, shortened the strain (isovolumie) phase, and delayed aortic valve closure. These results were later confirmed by Peserico10 in the turtle heart, hy Katz2 in the isolated dog hear ...
... the duration of the phases of systole. He demonstrated in the frog heart that augmentation of filling prolonged ejection, shortened the strain (isovolumie) phase, and delayed aortic valve closure. These results were later confirmed by Peserico10 in the turtle heart, hy Katz2 in the isolated dog hear ...
Cardiac sympathetic afferent stimulation impairs - AJP
... ansa, which contains cardiac sympathetic afferent nerves, was identified, tied, and ligated. A pair of stainless steel stimulation electrodes was placed on the central end of this nerve. The stimulus (7 V, 1 ms, 20 Hz) was delivered with a stimulator (Grass S88, Astro-Med) and a stimulus isolation u ...
... ansa, which contains cardiac sympathetic afferent nerves, was identified, tied, and ligated. A pair of stainless steel stimulation electrodes was placed on the central end of this nerve. The stimulus (7 V, 1 ms, 20 Hz) was delivered with a stimulator (Grass S88, Astro-Med) and a stimulus isolation u ...
A Case of Mirror Image Dextrocardia with Ostium Secundum Atrial
... dextrocardia with situs inversus are: ventricular septal defect (VSD), ASD, complete AV canal defect, pulmonary atresia (PA), tetralogy of fallout (TOF) and double outlet right ventricle (DORV). Kulkarni and Inamdar from Government Medical College, Nanded, reported a case of large perimembranous VSD ...
... dextrocardia with situs inversus are: ventricular septal defect (VSD), ASD, complete AV canal defect, pulmonary atresia (PA), tetralogy of fallout (TOF) and double outlet right ventricle (DORV). Kulkarni and Inamdar from Government Medical College, Nanded, reported a case of large perimembranous VSD ...
Role of Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction in Predicting
... and fibrosis of the atrial myocardium, providing a vulnerable substrate for AF. Normally, the left atrium is a highly compliant structure that maintains relatively low pressures despite mild volume shifts. Thus, atrial volume overload with low intraatrial pressure is benign. In this circumstance, th ...
... and fibrosis of the atrial myocardium, providing a vulnerable substrate for AF. Normally, the left atrium is a highly compliant structure that maintains relatively low pressures despite mild volume shifts. Thus, atrial volume overload with low intraatrial pressure is benign. In this circumstance, th ...
Diastolic Heart Failure and Critical Illness
... stolic heart failure should be made only in case of ªevidence of abnormal left ventricular relaxation, diastolic distensibility or diastole stiffnessº [7]. Vasan and Levy tried to rationalize the diagnosis with pragmatic criteria which are not yet widely used in the cardiologic literature [8]. They ...
... stolic heart failure should be made only in case of ªevidence of abnormal left ventricular relaxation, diastolic distensibility or diastole stiffnessº [7]. Vasan and Levy tried to rationalize the diagnosis with pragmatic criteria which are not yet widely used in the cardiologic literature [8]. They ...
Low atrial fibrillatory rate is associated with spontaneous conversion
... most likely to convert spontaneously within 18 h, thus suggesting that DC cardioversion in patients with a high likelihood of spontaneous conversion can be postponed while priority for cardioversion should be given to those who are unlikely to convert spontaneously. ...
... most likely to convert spontaneously within 18 h, thus suggesting that DC cardioversion in patients with a high likelihood of spontaneous conversion can be postponed while priority for cardioversion should be given to those who are unlikely to convert spontaneously. ...
Effects of 12 Months of Intense Exercise Training on
... Exercise testing was preceded by a history, physical examination and ECG at rest. The exercise tests were performed 2 hours after a light meal, and, in the five patients on medication, 3 hours after the last dose of medication. The exercise tests were performed in sequence, 1 week apart, before and ...
... Exercise testing was preceded by a history, physical examination and ECG at rest. The exercise tests were performed 2 hours after a light meal, and, in the five patients on medication, 3 hours after the last dose of medication. The exercise tests were performed in sequence, 1 week apart, before and ...
Isolated posterior acute myocardial infarction presenting to an
... Only 3 cases (cases no. 2, 3 and 8) in our series fulfilled these criteria. In a study to assess the ability of junior doctors to interpret ECGs which had immediate clinical relevance, difficulty in the interpretation of posterior myocardial infarction was noted.14 We did not analyse the work experi ...
... Only 3 cases (cases no. 2, 3 and 8) in our series fulfilled these criteria. In a study to assess the ability of junior doctors to interpret ECGs which had immediate clinical relevance, difficulty in the interpretation of posterior myocardial infarction was noted.14 We did not analyse the work experi ...
PART IV LABORATORY EXAMINATION
... inside of the cell becomes positive. This produces a difference in electrical voltage on the outside of the cell between the stimulated depolarized area and the unstimulated polarized area. As a result, a small electrical current is formed. This electrical current spreads along the length of the cel ...
... inside of the cell becomes positive. This produces a difference in electrical voltage on the outside of the cell between the stimulated depolarized area and the unstimulated polarized area. As a result, a small electrical current is formed. This electrical current spreads along the length of the cel ...
Percutaneous Approaches to Valve Repair for Mitral Regurgitation
... High-risk subgroups. Subgroup analysis of the randomized EVEREST II results suggested that patients with older age and functional rather than degenerative MR had outcomes most similar to conventional surgery. The EVEREST I and II trials included only surgical candidates, and it was recognized that m ...
... High-risk subgroups. Subgroup analysis of the randomized EVEREST II results suggested that patients with older age and functional rather than degenerative MR had outcomes most similar to conventional surgery. The EVEREST I and II trials included only surgical candidates, and it was recognized that m ...
Electrophysiological recognition of an atrio
... particularly dangerous, as there is low risk of re-entrant arrhythmias. Further, when the right atrium was paced, rather than CS9-10, a left bundle branch block-like morphology was seen (data not shown), confirming that this pathway conducted from the right atrium to right ventricle and, eventually, ...
... particularly dangerous, as there is low risk of re-entrant arrhythmias. Further, when the right atrium was paced, rather than CS9-10, a left bundle branch block-like morphology was seen (data not shown), confirming that this pathway conducted from the right atrium to right ventricle and, eventually, ...
The Cardiovascular System: The Heart: Part A
... The Pulmonary and Systemic Circuits • Heart is transport system; two side-by-side pumps – Right side receives oxygen-poor blood from tissues • Pumps to lungs to get rid of CO2, pick up O2, via pulmonary circuit ...
... The Pulmonary and Systemic Circuits • Heart is transport system; two side-by-side pumps – Right side receives oxygen-poor blood from tissues • Pumps to lungs to get rid of CO2, pick up O2, via pulmonary circuit ...
Annual Conference and Exhibition Programme
... lively discussion with the authors and look out for the posters awarded the highest score in each category which, thanks to the generous support of the British Heart Foundation, will be awarded a prize with travel grants for the top 10% of abstract presenters in each category. Although all the sessi ...
... lively discussion with the authors and look out for the posters awarded the highest score in each category which, thanks to the generous support of the British Heart Foundation, will be awarded a prize with travel grants for the top 10% of abstract presenters in each category. Although all the sessi ...
Data were recorded in case record forms from Life Care Hospital
... Our results indicated that omeprazole interacted with clopidogrel resulting reduced efficacy, other PPIs also interact though to somewhat lesser extent resulting in reduced clopidogel efficacy. Effect of this reduced efficacy on rate of MACE is controversial and different studies have suggested conf ...
... Our results indicated that omeprazole interacted with clopidogrel resulting reduced efficacy, other PPIs also interact though to somewhat lesser extent resulting in reduced clopidogel efficacy. Effect of this reduced efficacy on rate of MACE is controversial and different studies have suggested conf ...
The Normal ECG and its (Normal) Variants
... The sinus node is the normal pacemaker of the heart. Sinus rhythm is an obligatory component of the normal ECG. If we diagnose sinus rhythm, we mean that the whole heart (the atria and the ventricles) is depolarized by the electrical stimulus originating in the sinus node and we use the abbreviation ...
... The sinus node is the normal pacemaker of the heart. Sinus rhythm is an obligatory component of the normal ECG. If we diagnose sinus rhythm, we mean that the whole heart (the atria and the ventricles) is depolarized by the electrical stimulus originating in the sinus node and we use the abbreviation ...
Iabp2
... Recommendations for the use of IABP in the treatment of AMI Class IIa Signs of hemodynamic instability, poor LV , or persistent ischemia in patients with large areas of myocardium at risk Class IIb Following successful angioplasty to prevent reocclusion Large areas at risk w/o active ischemia ...
... Recommendations for the use of IABP in the treatment of AMI Class IIa Signs of hemodynamic instability, poor LV , or persistent ischemia in patients with large areas of myocardium at risk Class IIb Following successful angioplasty to prevent reocclusion Large areas at risk w/o active ischemia ...
OCS Heart system for heart transplant
... likely to wait for several months or years. Around half the people accepted onto the heart transplant waiting list have a transplant within 3 years, but for some people, a suitable heart does not become available. People may be fitted with a ventricular assist device (VAD) which can be used as a 'br ...
... likely to wait for several months or years. Around half the people accepted onto the heart transplant waiting list have a transplant within 3 years, but for some people, a suitable heart does not become available. People may be fitted with a ventricular assist device (VAD) which can be used as a 'br ...
ACC / AHA / HRS 2008 guidelines for device-based
... guidelines for important cardiovascular diseases and procedures, directs this effort. Writing committees are charged with the task of performing an assessment of the evidence and acting as an independent group of authors to develop, update, or revise written recommendations for clinical practice. Ex ...
... guidelines for important cardiovascular diseases and procedures, directs this effort. Writing committees are charged with the task of performing an assessment of the evidence and acting as an independent group of authors to develop, update, or revise written recommendations for clinical practice. Ex ...
Right Ventricular Compression as a Sign of Cardiac
... space near the left sternal border. The transducer was pointed superiorly and medially and swept inferiorly and laterally to provide images of all intracardiac chambers and valves. End-diastolic and end-systolic dimensions of the ventricles were measured in the minor axis, defined as the level of th ...
... space near the left sternal border. The transducer was pointed superiorly and medially and swept inferiorly and laterally to provide images of all intracardiac chambers and valves. End-diastolic and end-systolic dimensions of the ventricles were measured in the minor axis, defined as the level of th ...
Cardiac contractility modulation
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Cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) is a treatment for patients with moderate to severe left ventricular systolic heart failure (NYHA class II–IV). The short- and long-term use of this therapy enhances both the strength of ventricular contraction and the heart’s pumping capacity. The CCM mechanism is based on stimulation of the cardiac muscle by non-excitatory electrical signals (NES). CCM treatment is delivered by a pacemaker-like device that applies the NES, adjusted to and synchronized with the electrical action in the cardiac cycle.In CCM therapy, electrical stimulation is applied to the cardiac muscle during the absolute refractory period. In this phase of the cardiac cycle, electrical signals cannot trigger new cardiac muscle contractions, hence this type of stimulation is known as a non-excitatory stimulation. However, the electrical CCM signals increase the influx of calcium ions into the cardiac muscle cells (cardiomyocytes). In contrast to other electrical stimulation treatments for heart failure, such as pacemaker therapy or implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD), CCM does not affect the cardiac rhythm directly. Rather, the aim is to enhance the heart’s natural contraction (the native cardiac contractility) sustainably over long periods of time. Furthermore, unlike most interventions that increase cardiac contractility, CCM is not associated with an unfavorable increase in oxygen demand by the heart (measured in terms of Myocardial Oxygen Consumption or MVO2). This may be explained by the beneficial effect CCM has in improving cardiac efficiency. A meta-analysis in 2014 and an overview of device-based treatment options in heart failure in 2013 concluded that CCM treatment is safe, that it is generally beneficial to patients and that CCM treatment increases the exercise tolerance (ET) and quality of life (QoL) of patients. Furthermore, preliminary long-term survival data shows that CCM is associated with lower long-term mortality in heart failure patients when compared with expected rates among similar patients not treated with CCM.