Mirror Neurons Responding to Observation of Actions Made with
... food with the stick to the whole holding phase. In contrast, when the experimenter grasped food with the hand (B), during the approaching and grasping phase, there was a complete inhibition of the neuron response. However, the holding phase, similarly to condition A, was excitatory. Thus, the discri ...
... food with the stick to the whole holding phase. In contrast, when the experimenter grasped food with the hand (B), during the approaching and grasping phase, there was a complete inhibition of the neuron response. However, the holding phase, similarly to condition A, was excitatory. Thus, the discri ...
Integration of Perspective and Disparity Cues in Surface
... Masato Taira. Integration of perspective and disparity cues in surface-orientation–selective neurons of area CIP. J Neurophysiol 86: 2856 –2867, 2001. We investigated the effects of linear perspective and binocular disparity, as monocular and binocular depth cues, respectively, on the response of su ...
... Masato Taira. Integration of perspective and disparity cues in surface-orientation–selective neurons of area CIP. J Neurophysiol 86: 2856 –2867, 2001. We investigated the effects of linear perspective and binocular disparity, as monocular and binocular depth cues, respectively, on the response of su ...
Full Text - Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard
... Many CPN-specific genes identify anatomic diversity and distinct CPN populations Previous anatomical and birthdating analyses have shown that the broad CPN population is heterogeneous, including neurons born at different developmental times (e.g., E12.5–E13.5 for layer VI and V CPN, E15.5 for layer ...
... Many CPN-specific genes identify anatomic diversity and distinct CPN populations Previous anatomical and birthdating analyses have shown that the broad CPN population is heterogeneous, including neurons born at different developmental times (e.g., E12.5–E13.5 for layer VI and V CPN, E15.5 for layer ...
Chemosensory pathways in the brainstem controlling
... well as transmitting this pattern to the motoneurons controlling respiratory and resistance muscles, are located in the lower brainstem. This circuitry is located bilaterally, particularly in the dorsal respiratory group and ventral respiratory column (VRC) of the medulla oblongata as well as in the ...
... well as transmitting this pattern to the motoneurons controlling respiratory and resistance muscles, are located in the lower brainstem. This circuitry is located bilaterally, particularly in the dorsal respiratory group and ventral respiratory column (VRC) of the medulla oblongata as well as in the ...
Sensory Adaptation and Short Term Plasticity as Bayesian
... because presynaptic neurons are highly excitable. In order to adapt in a way that preserves sensory information, the nervous system needs to resolve this ambiguity. Specifically, the nervous system can use information about the way excitability typically changes over time and information about the w ...
... because presynaptic neurons are highly excitable. In order to adapt in a way that preserves sensory information, the nervous system needs to resolve this ambiguity. Specifically, the nervous system can use information about the way excitability typically changes over time and information about the w ...
A self-organizing model of disparity maps in the primary visual cortex
... light and bright light respectively. Rods are more numerous than cones but are conspicuously absent at the centre of the retina. This region is known as the fovea and represents the centre of fixation. It contains a high concentration of cones, thereby making it well-suited for fine-detailed vision. ...
... light and bright light respectively. Rods are more numerous than cones but are conspicuously absent at the centre of the retina. This region is known as the fovea and represents the centre of fixation. It contains a high concentration of cones, thereby making it well-suited for fine-detailed vision. ...
V1 mechanisms underlying chromatic contrast detection
... (1993) cone fundamentals. For 69 neurons, stimuli were based on the 2° fundamentals, and for 27 neurons, stimuli were based on the 10° fundamentals. Results from these two sets of experiments were similar and thus have been pooled together in this report. Most importantly, the main conclusion of thi ...
... (1993) cone fundamentals. For 69 neurons, stimuli were based on the 2° fundamentals, and for 27 neurons, stimuli were based on the 10° fundamentals. Results from these two sets of experiments were similar and thus have been pooled together in this report. Most importantly, the main conclusion of thi ...
Single Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic Neurons Form Widely Spread
... covered 0.45–5.7% (mean ⫾ SD ⫽ 2.7 ⫾ 1.5%) of the total volume of the neostriatum. Furthermore, all the dopaminergic neurons innervated both striosome and matrix compartments of the neostriatum, although each neuron’s arborization tended to favor one of these compartments. Our findings demonstrate t ...
... covered 0.45–5.7% (mean ⫾ SD ⫽ 2.7 ⫾ 1.5%) of the total volume of the neostriatum. Furthermore, all the dopaminergic neurons innervated both striosome and matrix compartments of the neostriatum, although each neuron’s arborization tended to favor one of these compartments. Our findings demonstrate t ...
Contextual modulation of primary visual cortex by auditory signals
... trained a classification algorithm to learn the relationship between patterns of responses in early visual cortex and specific natural sounds. We then used this model to predict the sound labels of an independent set of patterns recorded in response to the same sounds. This approach revealed that in ...
... trained a classification algorithm to learn the relationship between patterns of responses in early visual cortex and specific natural sounds. We then used this model to predict the sound labels of an independent set of patterns recorded in response to the same sounds. This approach revealed that in ...
Two Types of Neurons in the Primate Globus
... from the eyes, and subtended visual angle of 64 × 44°. A 0.5° square spot served as a visual stimulus. Targets of different colors (white, red, green, and blue) were used for different means in each trial (see below). Experiments were carried out in a darkened booth. Voltages proportional to horizon ...
... from the eyes, and subtended visual angle of 64 × 44°. A 0.5° square spot served as a visual stimulus. Targets of different colors (white, red, green, and blue) were used for different means in each trial (see below). Experiments were carried out in a darkened booth. Voltages proportional to horizon ...
Different levels of Ih determine distinct temporal integration in
... whereas I h exhibits similar voltage-dependent and kinetic properties in both classes of neurons. Bursting and regular-spiking neurons display similar morphology. The difference in I h between the two classes of neurons is not responsible for the distinct firing patterns, as neither pharmacological ...
... whereas I h exhibits similar voltage-dependent and kinetic properties in both classes of neurons. Bursting and regular-spiking neurons display similar morphology. The difference in I h between the two classes of neurons is not responsible for the distinct firing patterns, as neither pharmacological ...
computational and in vitro studies of persistent activity
... ical constraints. Within the attractor framework, a memorycapable system (for instance, a prefrontal neuron, or circuit) is essentially a multistable system: one system that can remain stably in a collection of possible states (for instance firing at 5 Hz, or firing at 25 Hz). These stable states ar ...
... ical constraints. Within the attractor framework, a memorycapable system (for instance, a prefrontal neuron, or circuit) is essentially a multistable system: one system that can remain stably in a collection of possible states (for instance firing at 5 Hz, or firing at 25 Hz). These stable states ar ...
PDF
... al., 1999; Krull et al., 1997; Wang et al., 1998), mouse knockouts of these molecules failed to exhibit segmentation defects in trunk neural crest migration or subsequent DRG formation (Adams et al., 2001; Davy et al., 2004; Hrabe de Angelis et al., 1997; Kawasaki et al., 2002; Orioli et al., 1996; ...
... al., 1999; Krull et al., 1997; Wang et al., 1998), mouse knockouts of these molecules failed to exhibit segmentation defects in trunk neural crest migration or subsequent DRG formation (Adams et al., 2001; Davy et al., 2004; Hrabe de Angelis et al., 1997; Kawasaki et al., 2002; Orioli et al., 1996; ...
jneurosci.org - INI Institute of Neuroinformatics
... Bouton cluster identification using the mean-shift algorithm The three-dimensional arborization pattern of an axon is typically heterogenous, composed of spatially separated regions with intense axonal arborizations and bouton formation (see Fig. 1). These “patches” have a high bouton density relati ...
... Bouton cluster identification using the mean-shift algorithm The three-dimensional arborization pattern of an axon is typically heterogenous, composed of spatially separated regions with intense axonal arborizations and bouton formation (see Fig. 1). These “patches” have a high bouton density relati ...
Input evoked nonlinearities in silicon dendritic circuits
... branches can be considered as independent computational units, and NMDA channels located within the branches potentially allow either linear or nonlinear computation depending on the input’s spatio-temporal pattern [1]–[6]. This evidence supports the two-layer model from Poirazi and colleagues [7], ...
... branches can be considered as independent computational units, and NMDA channels located within the branches potentially allow either linear or nonlinear computation depending on the input’s spatio-temporal pattern [1]–[6]. This evidence supports the two-layer model from Poirazi and colleagues [7], ...
NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS NEURONAL ACTIVITY DURING A
... Parkinson, Connor, Dickinson, & Everitt, 2001). Indeed, animals with NAc lesions, even if made after FOC, are unable to use the motivational value of a CS to acquire and express new responses in SOC (McDannald, Setlow, & Holland, 2013). Further, disconnection lesions of the basolateral amygdala (BLA ...
... Parkinson, Connor, Dickinson, & Everitt, 2001). Indeed, animals with NAc lesions, even if made after FOC, are unable to use the motivational value of a CS to acquire and express new responses in SOC (McDannald, Setlow, & Holland, 2013). Further, disconnection lesions of the basolateral amygdala (BLA ...
Tactile orientation perception: an ideal observer analysis of human
... Peters RM, Staibano P, Goldreich D. Tactile orientation perception: an ideal observer analysis of human psychophysical performance in relation to macaque area 3b receptive fields. J Neurophysiol 114: 3076 –3096, 2015. First published September 9, 2015; doi:10.1152/jn.00631.2015.—The ability to resol ...
... Peters RM, Staibano P, Goldreich D. Tactile orientation perception: an ideal observer analysis of human psychophysical performance in relation to macaque area 3b receptive fields. J Neurophysiol 114: 3076 –3096, 2015. First published September 9, 2015; doi:10.1152/jn.00631.2015.—The ability to resol ...
The prefrontal cortex encompasses a large and heterogeneous set of
... from agranular to eulaminate, have similar features. In addition, we used multidimensional analyses to see if, and how, prefrontal areas form clusters when multiple features are considered simultaneously. We used quantitative unbiased sampling procedures to estimate the areal and laminar density of ...
... from agranular to eulaminate, have similar features. In addition, we used multidimensional analyses to see if, and how, prefrontal areas form clusters when multiple features are considered simultaneously. We used quantitative unbiased sampling procedures to estimate the areal and laminar density of ...
Scene perception: inferior temporal cortex neurons encode the
... Keywords: multiple object perception, object recognition, rhesus monkey, scene encoding, spatial vision, translation invariance ...
... Keywords: multiple object perception, object recognition, rhesus monkey, scene encoding, spatial vision, translation invariance ...
Interactions between Adjacent Ganglia Bring About the Bilaterally
... in other, neighboringganglia.Evidence of suchinteractions was previously obtained by transecting the embryonic nerve cord prior to the appearanceof AS neuron asymmetry. Transections of the posterior nerve cord significantly reducedthe probability of CAS neuron alternation in the vicinity of the lesi ...
... in other, neighboringganglia.Evidence of suchinteractions was previously obtained by transecting the embryonic nerve cord prior to the appearanceof AS neuron asymmetry. Transections of the posterior nerve cord significantly reducedthe probability of CAS neuron alternation in the vicinity of the lesi ...
Functional organization of inferior parietal lobule convexity in the
... penetration. Only those penetrations in which three or more sites showed reliable neural activity were included in the analysis. Cortical sites deeper than 3000 lm were used for establishing the location of intraparietal, lateral and superior temporal sulci and to identify the cortical areas located ...
... penetration. Only those penetrations in which three or more sites showed reliable neural activity were included in the analysis. Cortical sites deeper than 3000 lm were used for establishing the location of intraparietal, lateral and superior temporal sulci and to identify the cortical areas located ...
Insect Bio-inspired Neural Network Provides New Evidence on How
... The ability to generalize over naturally occurring variation in cues indicating food or predation risk is highly useful for efficient decision-making in many animals. Honeybees have remarkable visual cognitive abilities, allowing them to classify visual patterns by common features despite having a r ...
... The ability to generalize over naturally occurring variation in cues indicating food or predation risk is highly useful for efficient decision-making in many animals. Honeybees have remarkable visual cognitive abilities, allowing them to classify visual patterns by common features despite having a r ...
as a PDF
... medium sized (Zhu et al., 1996). We consider it reasonable to suppose that, in humans, NOS also occurs in parasympathetic preganglionic neurons with axons exiting in VII and IX cranial nerves. Other brainstem parasympathetic preganglionic neurons (with axons exiting in III and X) do not appear to co ...
... medium sized (Zhu et al., 1996). We consider it reasonable to suppose that, in humans, NOS also occurs in parasympathetic preganglionic neurons with axons exiting in VII and IX cranial nerves. Other brainstem parasympathetic preganglionic neurons (with axons exiting in III and X) do not appear to co ...
Motif distribution, dynamical properties, and computational
... identified neurons from somatosensory, motor and visual areas of adult rats, and visual areas of adult cats. The sampling was made randomly within a lateral spread of 50—100 lm (Thomson, 2005). This cortical microcircuit template specifies functional synaptic connectivity, i.e. connection probabilitie ...
... identified neurons from somatosensory, motor and visual areas of adult rats, and visual areas of adult cats. The sampling was made randomly within a lateral spread of 50—100 lm (Thomson, 2005). This cortical microcircuit template specifies functional synaptic connectivity, i.e. connection probabilitie ...