Contributions to Deep Learning Models - RiuNet
... Deep Learning is a new area of Machine Learning research which aims to create computational models that learn several representations of the data using deep architectures. These methods have become very popular over the last few years due to the remarkable results obtained in speech recognition, vis ...
... Deep Learning is a new area of Machine Learning research which aims to create computational models that learn several representations of the data using deep architectures. These methods have become very popular over the last few years due to the remarkable results obtained in speech recognition, vis ...
Cumming BG, Parker AJ.
... in the vicinity of the receptive field. The results for these four neurons closely resembled those for the rest of the population. It would have been possible to manipulate the relative disparity between the foreground and background of the RDS simply by changing the disparity of the background regi ...
... in the vicinity of the receptive field. The results for these four neurons closely resembled those for the rest of the population. It would have been possible to manipulate the relative disparity between the foreground and background of the RDS simply by changing the disparity of the background regi ...
Structure and dynamics of the corticothalamic driver pathway in the
... Each moment of life, our brains excel at the complex tasks of acquiring information about the environment, processing and analyzing those signals, store and retrieve memories, decide on appropriate behavior and finally coordinate the muscular contractions for an appropriate behavioral response. Acco ...
... Each moment of life, our brains excel at the complex tasks of acquiring information about the environment, processing and analyzing those signals, store and retrieve memories, decide on appropriate behavior and finally coordinate the muscular contractions for an appropriate behavioral response. Acco ...
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... motor programs elicited in this manner are predominantly ingestive (Susswein et al., 1996) and are likely to be biting motor programs (Rosen et al., 1997). During carbachol-elicited programs we found that bursts of activity in B66 were out-of-phase with bursts of activity in B4/5 and out-of-phase wi ...
... motor programs elicited in this manner are predominantly ingestive (Susswein et al., 1996) and are likely to be biting motor programs (Rosen et al., 1997). During carbachol-elicited programs we found that bursts of activity in B66 were out-of-phase with bursts of activity in B4/5 and out-of-phase wi ...
Orexin/Hypocretin: A Neuropeptide at the Interface of Sleep, Energy
... ron et al., 1998; Date et al., 1999; Nambu et al., 1999) (Fig. 2), and this distribution has been confirmed in human tissue (Elias et al., 1998). These cells diffusely project to the entire neuroaxis, excluding the cerebellum (Peyron et al., 1998; Date et al., 1999; Nambu et al., 1999) (Fig. 2). Thi ...
... ron et al., 1998; Date et al., 1999; Nambu et al., 1999) (Fig. 2), and this distribution has been confirmed in human tissue (Elias et al., 1998). These cells diffusely project to the entire neuroaxis, excluding the cerebellum (Peyron et al., 1998; Date et al., 1999; Nambu et al., 1999) (Fig. 2). Thi ...
Distinct Roles for Somatically and Dendritically Synthesized Brain
... the postsynaptic sites for the vast majority of excitatory synapses (Harris, 1999). Dendritic spines are highly dynamic structures that undergo changes in size, shape, and number during development, as well as in response to physiological stimuli such as learning (Holtmaat and Svoboda, 2009; Yoshiha ...
... the postsynaptic sites for the vast majority of excitatory synapses (Harris, 1999). Dendritic spines are highly dynamic structures that undergo changes in size, shape, and number during development, as well as in response to physiological stimuli such as learning (Holtmaat and Svoboda, 2009; Yoshiha ...
Organization of projections from the basomedial nucleus of the
... important to consider the boundaries adopted here for the nucleus and its two parts because they have not been defined precisely or consistently by earlier workers, and different nomenclatures have been used. The BMA, as defined here, is present throughout most of the rostrocaudal length of the amyg ...
... important to consider the boundaries adopted here for the nucleus and its two parts because they have not been defined precisely or consistently by earlier workers, and different nomenclatures have been used. The BMA, as defined here, is present throughout most of the rostrocaudal length of the amyg ...
Examination of Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (TRH)
... considered a thyroid hormone inactivating enzyme in euthyroid conditions by producing inactive rT3 or T2 [14]. The liver and kidney, where D1 participates in the clearance of TH derivatives, contains a relatively large concentration of this enzyme, but D1 is also present in the anterior pituitary, i ...
... considered a thyroid hormone inactivating enzyme in euthyroid conditions by producing inactive rT3 or T2 [14]. The liver and kidney, where D1 participates in the clearance of TH derivatives, contains a relatively large concentration of this enzyme, but D1 is also present in the anterior pituitary, i ...
Theta Modulation in the Medial and the Lateral Entorhinal Cortices
... each of the tetrodes and the two references were used as the source of LFPs, for which the signals were amplified 2,000-fold, filtered between 1 and 475 Hz, digitized at 1 kHz, and stored continuously on the PC. ...
... each of the tetrodes and the two references were used as the source of LFPs, for which the signals were amplified 2,000-fold, filtered between 1 and 475 Hz, digitized at 1 kHz, and stored continuously on the PC. ...
Cerebral cortical hypoplasia with abnormal morphology of pyramidal
... density (OD) on captured images by using ImageJ software (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA). Captured images of three distinct cortical areas, i.e., the primary motor cortex (M1), barrel field of primary somatosensory cortex (S1BF) and primary visual cortex (V1), which were defined in th ...
... density (OD) on captured images by using ImageJ software (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA). Captured images of three distinct cortical areas, i.e., the primary motor cortex (M1), barrel field of primary somatosensory cortex (S1BF) and primary visual cortex (V1), which were defined in th ...
Potential switch from eupnea to fictive gasping after blockade of
... with the alteration from eupnea to gasping are shown in Fig. 1. With the onset of ischemia, peak phrenic activity initially rose and was then succeeded by a period of variable duration in which the period between phrenic bursts was prolonged. This period was succeeded by a series of gasps (Fig. 1A). ...
... with the alteration from eupnea to gasping are shown in Fig. 1. With the onset of ischemia, peak phrenic activity initially rose and was then succeeded by a period of variable duration in which the period between phrenic bursts was prolonged. This period was succeeded by a series of gasps (Fig. 1A). ...
The role of the basal ganglia in reinforcement learning
... Finding the optimal policy ∏* relies on two processes. The first is evaluating the quality of a policy ∏; i.e., calculating the value function of all states given a policy V∏(s). The second is improving a policy; i.e., finding a policy ∏' such that V∏'(s) ≥ V∏(s). These two processes have been combi ...
... Finding the optimal policy ∏* relies on two processes. The first is evaluating the quality of a policy ∏; i.e., calculating the value function of all states given a policy V∏(s). The second is improving a policy; i.e., finding a policy ∏' such that V∏'(s) ≥ V∏(s). These two processes have been combi ...
Understanding the process of multisensory integration
... than those from cues that are temporally displaced from one another. However, the present results from studies of cat SC neurons show that this "temporal principle" of multisensory integration is more nuanced than previously thought and reveal that the integration of temporally-displaced sensory res ...
... than those from cues that are temporally displaced from one another. However, the present results from studies of cat SC neurons show that this "temporal principle" of multisensory integration is more nuanced than previously thought and reveal that the integration of temporally-displaced sensory res ...
- Wiley Online Library
... section of medulla oblongata (bregma −11.6 mm; adult Sprague–Dawley rat; scale bar: 100 µm). The C1 (adrenergic/glutamatergic) neurons also express Phox2b (reproduced from Guyenet, 2008). C, single-cell RT-PCR data showing presence of Phox2b and VGlut2 transcripts in enhanced green fluorescent prote ...
... section of medulla oblongata (bregma −11.6 mm; adult Sprague–Dawley rat; scale bar: 100 µm). The C1 (adrenergic/glutamatergic) neurons also express Phox2b (reproduced from Guyenet, 2008). C, single-cell RT-PCR data showing presence of Phox2b and VGlut2 transcripts in enhanced green fluorescent prote ...
A role for subplate neurons in the patterning of
... Chun and Shatz 1988b; Ghosh et al., 1990a). Kainic acid was diluted (10 mg/ml) in 0.9% sterile saline and used within 2 hours. In some cases, fluorescent latex microspheres (Lumafluor, NY) were added to the kainic acid solution (at a ratio of 1:9, microspheres: kainic acid) to mark the injection sit ...
... Chun and Shatz 1988b; Ghosh et al., 1990a). Kainic acid was diluted (10 mg/ml) in 0.9% sterile saline and used within 2 hours. In some cases, fluorescent latex microspheres (Lumafluor, NY) were added to the kainic acid solution (at a ratio of 1:9, microspheres: kainic acid) to mark the injection sit ...
Neural correlates of stimulus–response and response–outcome
... same block were averaged together. In this way, free- and forcedchoice trials were matched for direction, outcome and position in block. To represent population activity, we first binned the firing rate of each neuron, from the beginning of each trial to the end of each trial. Then we subtracted the ...
... same block were averaged together. In this way, free- and forcedchoice trials were matched for direction, outcome and position in block. To represent population activity, we first binned the firing rate of each neuron, from the beginning of each trial to the end of each trial. Then we subtracted the ...
Relative Contributions of Specific Activity Histories and
... to represent a major mechanism for modifying the functional properties of neuronal networks. Indeed, overwhelming experimental evidence supports the idea that synaptic properties are affected by the history of their activation. What is less established and often ignored is the "flip side" of synapti ...
... to represent a major mechanism for modifying the functional properties of neuronal networks. Indeed, overwhelming experimental evidence supports the idea that synaptic properties are affected by the history of their activation. What is less established and often ignored is the "flip side" of synapti ...
Different neurotrophins are expressed and act in a developmental
... raised the issue of whether similar correlations between target field innervation, neurotrophin synthesis and neuronal responsiveness exist for these more recently identified neurotrophins. This is especially pertinent as these neurotrophins, in contrast to NGF, have additional roles in neuronal dev ...
... raised the issue of whether similar correlations between target field innervation, neurotrophin synthesis and neuronal responsiveness exist for these more recently identified neurotrophins. This is especially pertinent as these neurotrophins, in contrast to NGF, have additional roles in neuronal dev ...
The physiological role of orexin/hypocretin neurons in the regulation
... Orexin neurons are strongly inhibited by both a GABAA agonist, muscimol (Yamanaka et al., 2003b), and a GABAB receptor agonist, baclofen (Xie et al., 2006). Orexin neurons are also innervated by cells in the VLPO that also contain GABA (Sakurai et al., 2005; Yoshida et al., 2006). These observations ...
... Orexin neurons are strongly inhibited by both a GABAA agonist, muscimol (Yamanaka et al., 2003b), and a GABAB receptor agonist, baclofen (Xie et al., 2006). Orexin neurons are also innervated by cells in the VLPO that also contain GABA (Sakurai et al., 2005; Yoshida et al., 2006). These observations ...
Outputs of Radula Mechanoafferent Neurons in Aplysia are
... whereas EPSPs are evoked in the contralateral LB8a cell (presumably due to a network of electrically coupled cells extending across both hemiganglia). When the soma of B21 was depolarized by a 1-s pulse of current (horizontal line), action potentials were induced that traveled both in the medial and ...
... whereas EPSPs are evoked in the contralateral LB8a cell (presumably due to a network of electrically coupled cells extending across both hemiganglia). When the soma of B21 was depolarized by a 1-s pulse of current (horizontal line), action potentials were induced that traveled both in the medial and ...
Sensors for impossible stimuli may solve the stereo correspondence
... phase-disparity population would give the wrong answer in this case. This failure is common (purple histogram, Fig. 3). Here, the maximum-energy algorithm was tested on pure phase-disparity cells in a uniform-disparity stimulus whose disparity (0.421) lay outside the halfcycle limit (± 0.251). Obvio ...
... phase-disparity population would give the wrong answer in this case. This failure is common (purple histogram, Fig. 3). Here, the maximum-energy algorithm was tested on pure phase-disparity cells in a uniform-disparity stimulus whose disparity (0.421) lay outside the halfcycle limit (± 0.251). Obvio ...
Homologous Neurons and their Locomotor Functions in Nudibranch
... during the course of evolution than the periphery (Bramble and Wake, 1985; Wainwright and Lauder, 1986; Lauder and Shaffer, 1988; Sanderson, 1988; Goslow et al., 1989; Wainwright, 1989; Wainwright et al., 1989; Kavanau, 1990; Arbas et al., 1991; Edwards and Palka, 1991; Paul, 1991; Katz and Tazaki, ...
... during the course of evolution than the periphery (Bramble and Wake, 1985; Wainwright and Lauder, 1986; Lauder and Shaffer, 1988; Sanderson, 1988; Goslow et al., 1989; Wainwright, 1989; Wainwright et al., 1989; Kavanau, 1990; Arbas et al., 1991; Edwards and Palka, 1991; Paul, 1991; Katz and Tazaki, ...
On-line Optical Operant Conditioning of Cortical Activity
... Animals can learn to modify their voluntary behavior to gain rewards in the positive reinforcement form of operant conditioning. It has been shown that animals can also learn to modify neuronal activity that is directly rewarded by using electrophysiological recordings. Electrophysiological approach ...
... Animals can learn to modify their voluntary behavior to gain rewards in the positive reinforcement form of operant conditioning. It has been shown that animals can also learn to modify neuronal activity that is directly rewarded by using electrophysiological recordings. Electrophysiological approach ...
Growth and Targeting of Subplate Axons and Establishment of Major
... the rostra1 face of the internal capsule exposed; (3) a medial approach by cutting the brain at the midline; and (4) a dorsocaudal approach by excising dorsoposterior cortex, which reveals the dorsomedial aspect of the internal capsule protruding into the lateral ventricle. Three approaches were use ...
... the rostra1 face of the internal capsule exposed; (3) a medial approach by cutting the brain at the midline; and (4) a dorsocaudal approach by excising dorsoposterior cortex, which reveals the dorsomedial aspect of the internal capsule protruding into the lateral ventricle. Three approaches were use ...
The Dialectics of Hebb and Homeostasis within
... evidence suggests that these global and local phenomena are induced through distinct mechanisms that allow different aspects of activity to be sensed and translated into synaptic modifications, and are likely to subserve distinct functions within neural circuits. Put another way, one could argue tha ...
... evidence suggests that these global and local phenomena are induced through distinct mechanisms that allow different aspects of activity to be sensed and translated into synaptic modifications, and are likely to subserve distinct functions within neural circuits. Put another way, one could argue tha ...