Odorant Category Profile Selectivity of Olfactory Cortex Neurons
... and 0.08 ppm for linalool (tAl). The duration for each odor application was 3 s with at least 30 s interstimulus intervals to avoid habituation (Wilson, 1998, 2001). For binary mixture stimulation, two microsolenoid valves that control the timing of two different odorant flows were opened simultaneo ...
... and 0.08 ppm for linalool (tAl). The duration for each odor application was 3 s with at least 30 s interstimulus intervals to avoid habituation (Wilson, 1998, 2001). For binary mixture stimulation, two microsolenoid valves that control the timing of two different odorant flows were opened simultaneo ...
- Hayden Lab
... specifically suggests that vmPFC is the site of a competitive inhibition process that implements reward-based choice. Blood oxygen levels in vmPFC track the relative value between the chosen option and the next-best alternative (Boorman et al., 2009, 2013). Fourth, the vmPFC BOLD signal shifts from ...
... specifically suggests that vmPFC is the site of a competitive inhibition process that implements reward-based choice. Blood oxygen levels in vmPFC track the relative value between the chosen option and the next-best alternative (Boorman et al., 2009, 2013). Fourth, the vmPFC BOLD signal shifts from ...
Microstructure of the neocortex: Comparative aspects
... humans and how does it differ from that of other species? It is clear that distinct cortical areas show important differences within both the same and different species, and this has led to some researchers emphasizing the similarities whereas others focus on the differences. In general, despite of ...
... humans and how does it differ from that of other species? It is clear that distinct cortical areas show important differences within both the same and different species, and this has led to some researchers emphasizing the similarities whereas others focus on the differences. In general, despite of ...
the primate amygdala and reinforcement: a
... testing is performed in a Wisconsin General Test Apparatus, amygdala lesions may not produce significant deficits partly because the neutral visual stimulus is being associated with a visual stimulus with secondary reinforcing properties, the sight of food; and partly because with spaced trials, a h ...
... testing is performed in a Wisconsin General Test Apparatus, amygdala lesions may not produce significant deficits partly because the neutral visual stimulus is being associated with a visual stimulus with secondary reinforcing properties, the sight of food; and partly because with spaced trials, a h ...
hoofdstuk 8 - VU-dare
... psychopathology is the study of coherent spontaneous fluctuations in the resting brain (restingstate functional connectivity, RSFC), which are organized in distinct Resting State Networks (RSNs). RSNs are relatively stable across participants and time (Damoiseaux et al., 2006) and show strong spatia ...
... psychopathology is the study of coherent spontaneous fluctuations in the resting brain (restingstate functional connectivity, RSFC), which are organized in distinct Resting State Networks (RSNs). RSNs are relatively stable across participants and time (Damoiseaux et al., 2006) and show strong spatia ...
Coding of relative size in monkey inferotemporal cortex
... accounts of size constancy require additional knowledge about the external world. A simpler possibility, however, is that size constancy can be achieved by comparing the size of the retinal image with that of other objects (Palmer 1999; Rock and Ebenholtz 1959). Encoding of relative size may also be ...
... accounts of size constancy require additional knowledge about the external world. A simpler possibility, however, is that size constancy can be achieved by comparing the size of the retinal image with that of other objects (Palmer 1999; Rock and Ebenholtz 1959). Encoding of relative size may also be ...
Sequential Development of Electrical and Chemical Synaptic
... Zeiss). For epi-illumination, we used a tungsten halogen lamp (64625 HLX; Osram Sylvania, Danvers, MA) in standard housing (HAL 100; Zeiss), powered by a low-ripple power supply (JQE 15-12M; Kepco, Flushing, NY). For all voltage-sensitive dye imaging, we acquired images only at the coumarin emission ...
... Zeiss). For epi-illumination, we used a tungsten halogen lamp (64625 HLX; Osram Sylvania, Danvers, MA) in standard housing (HAL 100; Zeiss), powered by a low-ripple power supply (JQE 15-12M; Kepco, Flushing, NY). For all voltage-sensitive dye imaging, we acquired images only at the coumarin emission ...
Free recall and recognition in a network model of the... simulating effects of scopolamine on human memory function
... Fig. 3. (A) Anatomical connectivity of the hippocampal formation. Connections between the hippocampus and multimodal association cortices pass through the entorhinal cortex. (1) Fibers of the perforant path connect entorhinal cortex layers II and III with the dentate gyrus. (2) The dentate gyrus pro ...
... Fig. 3. (A) Anatomical connectivity of the hippocampal formation. Connections between the hippocampus and multimodal association cortices pass through the entorhinal cortex. (1) Fibers of the perforant path connect entorhinal cortex layers II and III with the dentate gyrus. (2) The dentate gyrus pro ...
Rapid Taste Responses in the Gustatory Cortex
... where the columns of the matrix X contain the covariates, which include indicator variables for reinforcement, concentrations of each tastant, bin number, trial number, tastant delivery number within each trial, and possibly their interactions. The parameter vector % is the relative contribution of ...
... where the columns of the matrix X contain the covariates, which include indicator variables for reinforcement, concentrations of each tastant, bin number, trial number, tastant delivery number within each trial, and possibly their interactions. The parameter vector % is the relative contribution of ...
Rapid Taste Responses in the Gustatory Cortex during Licking
... where the columns of the matrix X contain the covariates, which include indicator variables for reinforcement, concentrations of each tastant, bin number, trial number, tastant delivery number within each trial, and possibly their interactions. The parameter vector  is the relative contribution of ...
... where the columns of the matrix X contain the covariates, which include indicator variables for reinforcement, concentrations of each tastant, bin number, trial number, tastant delivery number within each trial, and possibly their interactions. The parameter vector  is the relative contribution of ...
The role of artificial intelligence in the integration of remotely sensed
... should be extended to include remotely sensed imagery, and that such imagery can become a focus for user interaction, spatial database update, and emerging image interpretation and analysis capabilities. Secondarily, sub-areas of AI such as knowledge representation and utilization, knowledge acquisi ...
... should be extended to include remotely sensed imagery, and that such imagery can become a focus for user interaction, spatial database update, and emerging image interpretation and analysis capabilities. Secondarily, sub-areas of AI such as knowledge representation and utilization, knowledge acquisi ...
the functional properties of the light
... neurons activated by visual stimuli were observed in the earliest studies of the inferior parietal lobule (Hyvarinen and Poranen, 1974; Lynch et al., 1973a; Mountcastle et al., 1975) and have since been studied by Goldberg and Robinson (1977, 1978), Robinson and Goldberg (1977a, b), Robinson et al. ...
... neurons activated by visual stimuli were observed in the earliest studies of the inferior parietal lobule (Hyvarinen and Poranen, 1974; Lynch et al., 1973a; Mountcastle et al., 1975) and have since been studied by Goldberg and Robinson (1977, 1978), Robinson and Goldberg (1977a, b), Robinson et al. ...
Short title: Thalamocortical computations during tactile sensation
... with touch. Our model provides a mechanistic explanation of a behavior-related computation ...
... with touch. Our model provides a mechanistic explanation of a behavior-related computation ...
Midbrain fMRI: Applications, Limitations and Challenges
... Although the LC is a comparatively smaller structure than the SN/VTA, the regional specificity of its innervations is likely less than dopamine neurons. That said, norad renergic input to certain brain regions can be surprisingly selective in primates: in the visual cortex for instance, there is ...
... Although the LC is a comparatively smaller structure than the SN/VTA, the regional specificity of its innervations is likely less than dopamine neurons. That said, norad renergic input to certain brain regions can be surprisingly selective in primates: in the visual cortex for instance, there is ...
all BAMI book sections in pdf
... simple processing elements. In recent years ANNs, often called “deep learning networks”, have succeeded in solving many classification problems. However, despite the word “neural”, most ANNs are based on neuron models and network architectures that are incompatible with real biological tissue. More ...
... simple processing elements. In recent years ANNs, often called “deep learning networks”, have succeeded in solving many classification problems. However, despite the word “neural”, most ANNs are based on neuron models and network architectures that are incompatible with real biological tissue. More ...
Parallel Transformation of Tactile Signals in Central Circuits of
... the headstage by 6 inches of flexible shielded wire. Extracellular bristle signals were acquired in zero-current (I=0) mode with an Axon 200B patch-clamp amplifier, and digitized at 10 kHz. The same basic configuration was used for recording bristle neuron spikes (Figure 2 and Figure 3) and also for ...
... the headstage by 6 inches of flexible shielded wire. Extracellular bristle signals were acquired in zero-current (I=0) mode with an Axon 200B patch-clamp amplifier, and digitized at 10 kHz. The same basic configuration was used for recording bristle neuron spikes (Figure 2 and Figure 3) and also for ...
Magnocellular and Parvocellular Contributions to
... and parvocellular signals. We have examined this hypothesis directly by recording the responses of cortical neurons while selectively blocking responses in the magnocellular or parvocellular layers of the LGN. Responses were recorded from single units or multiunit clusters in the middle temporal vis ...
... and parvocellular signals. We have examined this hypothesis directly by recording the responses of cortical neurons while selectively blocking responses in the magnocellular or parvocellular layers of the LGN. Responses were recorded from single units or multiunit clusters in the middle temporal vis ...
Appendix Basics of the Nervous System
... So what is the nervous system? The nervous system is the part of our body made up of neurons and their associated support cells. There are, by some estimates, over a 1 billion neurons (REFERENCE) and perhaps over 10 times as many support cells. Collectively, the nervous system controls and coordinat ...
... So what is the nervous system? The nervous system is the part of our body made up of neurons and their associated support cells. There are, by some estimates, over a 1 billion neurons (REFERENCE) and perhaps over 10 times as many support cells. Collectively, the nervous system controls and coordinat ...
Spontaneous firing patterns of identified spiny neurons in the rat
... was taken as the difference between peak and basal firing probability divided by the peak level. This latter measure yields values between O and 1, with a value of 0 reflecting a lack of bursts, and a value of 1 indicating that firing occurred exclusively within bursts. Burst duration varied from 0. ...
... was taken as the difference between peak and basal firing probability divided by the peak level. This latter measure yields values between O and 1, with a value of 0 reflecting a lack of bursts, and a value of 1 indicating that firing occurred exclusively within bursts. Burst duration varied from 0. ...
Modelling Neuronal Mechanisms of the Processing of Tones and System
... is solely affected by the response to the previous tone. In so doing, they neglected the rest of the stimulus history, an aspect of the problem which we shall show is key to its satisfactory solution. So, to take on the task of modelling the neural manifestations of AS at the A1 level, we have const ...
... is solely affected by the response to the previous tone. In so doing, they neglected the rest of the stimulus history, an aspect of the problem which we shall show is key to its satisfactory solution. So, to take on the task of modelling the neural manifestations of AS at the A1 level, we have const ...
Synaptic function: Dendritic democracy
... before they can influence neuronal output. Dendrites behave rather like leaky electrical cables, however, in that they filter electrical signals passing through them. As a consequence, when they arrive at the soma, synaptic potentials generated by inputs in the distal dendrites will have been attenu ...
... before they can influence neuronal output. Dendrites behave rather like leaky electrical cables, however, in that they filter electrical signals passing through them. As a consequence, when they arrive at the soma, synaptic potentials generated by inputs in the distal dendrites will have been attenu ...
Full-Text PDF
... applications, even including the detection of neurotoxins. For example, Nicolas, et al. [8] used a culture of rat cortical neurons to implement a high-throughput test of various marine neurotoxins, and Valdivia et al. [9] showed that neuroactivity recorded in vitro using an array of electrodes could ...
... applications, even including the detection of neurotoxins. For example, Nicolas, et al. [8] used a culture of rat cortical neurons to implement a high-throughput test of various marine neurotoxins, and Valdivia et al. [9] showed that neuroactivity recorded in vitro using an array of electrodes could ...
Goal-Directed Navigation based on Path Integration and Decoding
... provided by Bush et al (2015); as enumerated by them, several neural models have been proposed for decoding grid cell signals: Fiete et al (2008) consider the grid cell system to implement a residue number system, and propose that grid cells could be read out using a neural architecture earlier prop ...
... provided by Bush et al (2015); as enumerated by them, several neural models have been proposed for decoding grid cell signals: Fiete et al (2008) consider the grid cell system to implement a residue number system, and propose that grid cells could be read out using a neural architecture earlier prop ...
The mirror mechanism: recent findings and perspectives
... recorded mirror neurons was influenced by the location in space of the observed motor acts, whereas the others did not show a differential modulation. Of those sensitive to action location in space, about half preferred the monkey’s peripersonal space, the other half the extrapersonal space. Example ...
... recorded mirror neurons was influenced by the location in space of the observed motor acts, whereas the others did not show a differential modulation. Of those sensitive to action location in space, about half preferred the monkey’s peripersonal space, the other half the extrapersonal space. Example ...
Matching tutor to student: rules and mechanisms for
... We considered a model for information transfer that is composed of three sub-circuits: a conductor, a student, and a tutor (see Fig. 1B). The conductor provides input to the student in the form of temporally precise patterns. The goal of learning is for the student to convert this input to a predefi ...
... We considered a model for information transfer that is composed of three sub-circuits: a conductor, a student, and a tutor (see Fig. 1B). The conductor provides input to the student in the form of temporally precise patterns. The goal of learning is for the student to convert this input to a predefi ...