Basal Ganglia: Internal Organization
... (see below). The corticostriatal and thalamostriatal projections are highly topographically organized and impart functionality onto the striatum and, consequently, other divisions of the basal ganglia. The main synaptic targets of the cortical and thalamic inputs to the basal ganglia are the medium- ...
... (see below). The corticostriatal and thalamostriatal projections are highly topographically organized and impart functionality onto the striatum and, consequently, other divisions of the basal ganglia. The main synaptic targets of the cortical and thalamic inputs to the basal ganglia are the medium- ...
Plasticity of Sensory and Motor Maps in Adult Mammals
... Figure 1 The reorganization of primary somatosensory cortex (area 3b or S-I proper) monkeysafter different experimental manipulations. A. The location of area 3b on a dorsolateral view of an owl monkeybrain. Because of the lack of a central fissure, most of the representation of the body is in the c ...
... Figure 1 The reorganization of primary somatosensory cortex (area 3b or S-I proper) monkeysafter different experimental manipulations. A. The location of area 3b on a dorsolateral view of an owl monkeybrain. Because of the lack of a central fissure, most of the representation of the body is in the c ...
Forelimb use after focal cerebral ischemia in rats treated with an a2
... probe (Harvard Homeothermic Blanket Control Unit, 507061). After 120 min of MCA occlusion, the filament was removed and the external carotid artery was permanently closed by electrocoagulation. In the present study, blood pressure or blood gases were not measured, because cannulation of a femoral ar ...
... probe (Harvard Homeothermic Blanket Control Unit, 507061). After 120 min of MCA occlusion, the filament was removed and the external carotid artery was permanently closed by electrocoagulation. In the present study, blood pressure or blood gases were not measured, because cannulation of a femoral ar ...
Neuroanatomical correlates of the near response: voluntary
... down, cognitive-perceptual processing occurs within the accommodative system. ...
... down, cognitive-perceptual processing occurs within the accommodative system. ...
Sleep Spindles as Facilitators of Memory Formation and Learning
... Supplementary evidence for a role of spindles in memory formation was recently provided by the finding that learning related changes in spindle activity occur preferentially in taskassociated areas of the brain. Nishida and Walker showed increased spindle activity in the contralateral hemisphere aft ...
... Supplementary evidence for a role of spindles in memory formation was recently provided by the finding that learning related changes in spindle activity occur preferentially in taskassociated areas of the brain. Nishida and Walker showed increased spindle activity in the contralateral hemisphere aft ...
Neurofilament and Calcium-Binding Proteins in the
... association areas located in the parietal and temporal cortex (Kondo et al., 1994). Previous analyses of the distribution of calcium-binding proteins in the macaque monkey cingulate cortex have shown that parvalbuminimmunoreactive interneurons are codistributed with neurofilament protein-immunoreact ...
... association areas located in the parietal and temporal cortex (Kondo et al., 1994). Previous analyses of the distribution of calcium-binding proteins in the macaque monkey cingulate cortex have shown that parvalbuminimmunoreactive interneurons are codistributed with neurofilament protein-immunoreact ...
morphological changes in chick embryo neural tissue associated
... evaluated by TEM, the control tissue appeared to be intact with no displacement. Exposure of neurons to 0.137M hydrocortisone appeared to have severe effects on the morphology of the mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), nuclear and plasma membranes. More extensive damage was noted with 0.685M ...
... evaluated by TEM, the control tissue appeared to be intact with no displacement. Exposure of neurons to 0.137M hydrocortisone appeared to have severe effects on the morphology of the mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), nuclear and plasma membranes. More extensive damage was noted with 0.685M ...
full text pdf
... highly specific synaptic connections (often thousands for a mammalian neuron in the brain). Accordingly, many specificity pathways are known that guide axons to their correct targets and promote synaptic connections only between specific pre- and postsynaptic partners. These systems usually consist ...
... highly specific synaptic connections (often thousands for a mammalian neuron in the brain). Accordingly, many specificity pathways are known that guide axons to their correct targets and promote synaptic connections only between specific pre- and postsynaptic partners. These systems usually consist ...
Morphological Studies of Wobbler Mouse Dorsal Root Ganglia
... degeneration results in the denervation of skeletal muscles and eventually to progressive paralysis leading to respiratory arrest. Since first being described by Charcot in 1896, ALS has been investigated intensively and many cellular defects found in animal models have been suggested to cause these ...
... degeneration results in the denervation of skeletal muscles and eventually to progressive paralysis leading to respiratory arrest. Since first being described by Charcot in 1896, ALS has been investigated intensively and many cellular defects found in animal models have been suggested to cause these ...
the organization of behavioral repertoire in motor cortex
... simple map of the body’s muscles. Recent evidence suggests, however, that it operates at a radically more complex level, coordinating behaviorally useful actions. Specific subregions of motor cortex may emphasize different ethologically relevant categories of behavior, such as interactions between th ...
... simple map of the body’s muscles. Recent evidence suggests, however, that it operates at a radically more complex level, coordinating behaviorally useful actions. Specific subregions of motor cortex may emphasize different ethologically relevant categories of behavior, such as interactions between th ...
The Use of Cross-Correlation Mapping in Identifying Backwards Projecting Connections between Visual Cortical Areas
... connection, providing us with a means of separating the tiers of connectivity. Thus, in the case of neural data, the consistently decreasing / converging behavior of CCM output identifies functional connectivity–further evidenced by the lack of convergence in the 0 −− > 4 CCM run–while the values at ...
... connection, providing us with a means of separating the tiers of connectivity. Thus, in the case of neural data, the consistently decreasing / converging behavior of CCM output identifies functional connectivity–further evidenced by the lack of convergence in the 0 −− > 4 CCM run–while the values at ...
L8-Physiology of Sleep and EEG 2013
... (eg, mental arithmetic, stress, opening eyes, any form of sensory stimulation). Then become replaced with irregular low voltage activity. Desynchronization as it represents breakup of synchronized neuronal activity. An abnormal exception is alpha coma, most often caused by hypoxic-ischemic encephalo ...
... (eg, mental arithmetic, stress, opening eyes, any form of sensory stimulation). Then become replaced with irregular low voltage activity. Desynchronization as it represents breakup of synchronized neuronal activity. An abnormal exception is alpha coma, most often caused by hypoxic-ischemic encephalo ...
The Organization of Behavioral Repertoire in Motor Cortex
... simple map of the body’s muscles. Recent evidence suggests, however, that it operates at a radically more complex level, coordinating behaviorally useful actions. Specific subregions of motor cortex may emphasize different ethologically relevant categories of behavior, such as interactions between th ...
... simple map of the body’s muscles. Recent evidence suggests, however, that it operates at a radically more complex level, coordinating behaviorally useful actions. Specific subregions of motor cortex may emphasize different ethologically relevant categories of behavior, such as interactions between th ...
Joseph and Heberlein 1 Tissue-specific Activation of a
... to Gr66aGAL4; UAS-CD8-GFP flies. Resulting tubulin-FRT-GAL80-FRT/+; UASTeTx/Gr66aGAL4; heat shock-FLP/UAS-CD8-GFP progeny were then heat shocked for one hour 15 minutes at the pupal stage to generate clones. Briefly, heat shock activation of hs-FLP randomly causes FRT sites to recombine GAL80 away f ...
... to Gr66aGAL4; UAS-CD8-GFP flies. Resulting tubulin-FRT-GAL80-FRT/+; UASTeTx/Gr66aGAL4; heat shock-FLP/UAS-CD8-GFP progeny were then heat shocked for one hour 15 minutes at the pupal stage to generate clones. Briefly, heat shock activation of hs-FLP randomly causes FRT sites to recombine GAL80 away f ...
ppt - UCSD Cognitive Science
... “Webvision” http://webvision.med.utah.edu “Neuroscience for Kids” http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/neurok.html ...
... “Webvision” http://webvision.med.utah.edu “Neuroscience for Kids” http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/neurok.html ...
Neuron
... respectively; p < 0.0001, binomial test), and the performance was even better in subsequent trials: 97.3% and 82.0% in the second trial and 97.9% and 87.1% in the third trial after the inevitable-error trial for monkeys W and G, respectively. The switch cost (performance decline in the shift trials; ...
... respectively; p < 0.0001, binomial test), and the performance was even better in subsequent trials: 97.3% and 82.0% in the second trial and 97.9% and 87.1% in the third trial after the inevitable-error trial for monkeys W and G, respectively. The switch cost (performance decline in the shift trials; ...
The Integrative Action of the Autonomic Nervous System
... conscious humans by Gunnar Wallin and his colleagues in Göteborg. While pathways to the viscera are currently too hard to study in humans because they are less accessible, the principles of their organization can be deduced from Wilfrid’s data on pre- and postganglionic discharge patterns and from ...
... conscious humans by Gunnar Wallin and his colleagues in Göteborg. While pathways to the viscera are currently too hard to study in humans because they are less accessible, the principles of their organization can be deduced from Wilfrid’s data on pre- and postganglionic discharge patterns and from ...
Receptors in lateral hypothalamic area involved in - AJP
... IC efferent synapses within the IC. In both this study and the cobaltous chloride experiments (11), inhibition of the response was rarely complete. This suggests that the connections between IC autonomic efferents and LHA neurons may be relatively diffusely distributed within this region. This postu ...
... IC efferent synapses within the IC. In both this study and the cobaltous chloride experiments (11), inhibition of the response was rarely complete. This suggests that the connections between IC autonomic efferents and LHA neurons may be relatively diffusely distributed within this region. This postu ...
A Comprehensive Protocol for Manual Segmentation of the Medial
... most other tracing protocols available, typically focusing on certain MTL areas (e.g., amygdala and/or hippocampus), the integrative perspective adopted by the present tracing guidelines allows for clear localization of all MTL subregions. By integrating information from a variety of sources, includ ...
... most other tracing protocols available, typically focusing on certain MTL areas (e.g., amygdala and/or hippocampus), the integrative perspective adopted by the present tracing guidelines allows for clear localization of all MTL subregions. By integrating information from a variety of sources, includ ...
Differential innervation of superficial versus deep - HAL
... Convergent data showed that bulbo-spinal serotonergic projections exert complex modulatory influences on nociceptive signaling within the dorsal horn. These neurons are located in the B3 area which comprises the median raphe magnus (RMg) and the lateral paragigantocellular reticular (LPGi) nuclei. Be ...
... Convergent data showed that bulbo-spinal serotonergic projections exert complex modulatory influences on nociceptive signaling within the dorsal horn. These neurons are located in the B3 area which comprises the median raphe magnus (RMg) and the lateral paragigantocellular reticular (LPGi) nuclei. Be ...
Selective amplification of the S
... L-, M- and S-cone types normalized with respect to the white background (i.e. cone contrast). Stimulus chromaticity is given by the vector direction and contrast by vector length within the cone contrast space. Three cardinal stimuli (RG, BY and Ach) were determined within this space to isolate each ...
... L-, M- and S-cone types normalized with respect to the white background (i.e. cone contrast). Stimulus chromaticity is given by the vector direction and contrast by vector length within the cone contrast space. Three cardinal stimuli (RG, BY and Ach) were determined within this space to isolate each ...
Heterogeneous Integration of Bilateral Whisker Signals by Neurons
... integration is a natural function of the rat whisker system. S1 is the first place where bilateral whisker sensory afferents converge (Erzurumlu and Kilacky 1980; Smith 1973; Waite 1969). Accordingly, Shuler et al. (2002) found that intact S1 cortex in both hemispheres was required for successful pe ...
... integration is a natural function of the rat whisker system. S1 is the first place where bilateral whisker sensory afferents converge (Erzurumlu and Kilacky 1980; Smith 1973; Waite 1969). Accordingly, Shuler et al. (2002) found that intact S1 cortex in both hemispheres was required for successful pe ...
Open-loop organization of thalamic reticular nucleus and dorsal
... likely a more suitable mode for signal detection than spikes in tonic mode (Denning and Reinagel 2005; Goense et al. 2003; Krahe and Gabbiani 2004; Lisman 1997; Mukherjee and Kaplan 1995; Person and Perkel 2005; Reinagel et al. 1999; Smith et al. 2000; Swadlow and Gusev 2001). In the case of the TC ...
... likely a more suitable mode for signal detection than spikes in tonic mode (Denning and Reinagel 2005; Goense et al. 2003; Krahe and Gabbiani 2004; Lisman 1997; Mukherjee and Kaplan 1995; Person and Perkel 2005; Reinagel et al. 1999; Smith et al. 2000; Swadlow and Gusev 2001). In the case of the TC ...
Color responses of the human lateral geniculate nucleus: selective
... L-, M- and S-cone types normalized with respect to the white background (i.e. cone contrast). Stimulus chromaticity is given by the vector direction and contrast by vector length within the cone contrast space. Three cardinal stimuli (RG, BY and Ach) were determined within this space to isolate each ...
... L-, M- and S-cone types normalized with respect to the white background (i.e. cone contrast). Stimulus chromaticity is given by the vector direction and contrast by vector length within the cone contrast space. Three cardinal stimuli (RG, BY and Ach) were determined within this space to isolate each ...