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Cross-Modal Transfer of Information between the Tactile
... modalities, as shown by the linear regression curves. The direction of cross-modal information transfer (i.e., tactile to visual vs visual to tactile) had no influence on the performance (Fig. 4). During the actual PET scanning, the probability of a responding match given a matching pair, i.e., p(ma ...
... modalities, as shown by the linear regression curves. The direction of cross-modal information transfer (i.e., tactile to visual vs visual to tactile) had no influence on the performance (Fig. 4). During the actual PET scanning, the probability of a responding match given a matching pair, i.e., p(ma ...
Glia-Derived D-Serine Controls NMDA Receptor Activity and
... thereby affecting their availability for activation and thus the activity dependence of long-term synaptic changes. Such a contribution of astrocytes to synaptic metaplasticity fuels the emerging concept that astrocytes are dynamic partners of brain signaling. INTRODUCTION There is strong evidence f ...
... thereby affecting their availability for activation and thus the activity dependence of long-term synaptic changes. Such a contribution of astrocytes to synaptic metaplasticity fuels the emerging concept that astrocytes are dynamic partners of brain signaling. INTRODUCTION There is strong evidence f ...
Pain in Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) and Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
... Neuropathic Pain (con’t) •In a study by Torebjörk et al, capsaicin was injected into the top of the foot. The researchers directly electrically stimulated the nearby superficial peroneal nerve, producing a painful response at levels of stimulation that would ordinarily be non-painful. Because the p ...
... Neuropathic Pain (con’t) •In a study by Torebjörk et al, capsaicin was injected into the top of the foot. The researchers directly electrically stimulated the nearby superficial peroneal nerve, producing a painful response at levels of stimulation that would ordinarily be non-painful. Because the p ...
Comprehensive Review of Golgi Staining Methods for Nervous Tissue
... age and species, thereby making him the father of modern neuroscience. The relationship between these two great neuroscientists was close but paradoxical in that their scientific theories differed. Cell theory, which was applied to the scientific field at the end of the 19th century, was considered ...
... age and species, thereby making him the father of modern neuroscience. The relationship between these two great neuroscientists was close but paradoxical in that their scientific theories differed. Cell theory, which was applied to the scientific field at the end of the 19th century, was considered ...
PDF reprint - UC Davis Mathematics
... Recently investigations have revealed that many local interneuronal networks throughout the brain display electrical coupling through gap junctions (see Galarreta and Hestrin, 2001a). There are different subpopulations of interneurons, and it has been found that the electrical coupling is predominan ...
... Recently investigations have revealed that many local interneuronal networks throughout the brain display electrical coupling through gap junctions (see Galarreta and Hestrin, 2001a). There are different subpopulations of interneurons, and it has been found that the electrical coupling is predominan ...
Functional segregation of the temporal lobes into highly
... 2001, for an overview about this topic and further references). Binder and coworkers (Binder et al., 1999) demonstrated, for example, the existence of ongoing conceptual processing during conscious, resting states, which could only be interrupted by an explicit task performance, a difficult task whe ...
... 2001, for an overview about this topic and further references). Binder and coworkers (Binder et al., 1999) demonstrated, for example, the existence of ongoing conceptual processing during conscious, resting states, which could only be interrupted by an explicit task performance, a difficult task whe ...
Anatomy of Olivocochlear Neurons
... peripheral of the many descending neural systems of the central auditory pathway (see Schofield, Chap. 9). OC neurons are named by their origins in the superior olivary complex and terminations in the cochlea (Fig. 2.1). In the cochlea, they innervate the hair cells and auditory-nerve fibers. This ...
... peripheral of the many descending neural systems of the central auditory pathway (see Schofield, Chap. 9). OC neurons are named by their origins in the superior olivary complex and terminations in the cochlea (Fig. 2.1). In the cochlea, they innervate the hair cells and auditory-nerve fibers. This ...
Saccadic Eye Movements Modulate Visual Responses in the Lateral
... This saccade-related variation of the gain of the visual response is not predicted by our current understanding of geniculate processing. It reflects an effect of saccades on either retinal activity or retinogeniculate transmission. The stimulus was designed so that saccadic modulation of retinal ac ...
... This saccade-related variation of the gain of the visual response is not predicted by our current understanding of geniculate processing. It reflects an effect of saccades on either retinal activity or retinogeniculate transmission. The stimulus was designed so that saccadic modulation of retinal ac ...
“left or right” Decision-making beyond
... cortex depends on whether the choice is indicated by a hand or an eye movement, in an otherwise identical sensory discrimination task (Cui and Andersen, 2007). On the other hand, a recent fMRI study on humans (Heekeren et al., 2006) revealed a candidate brain region for abstract representation of p ...
... cortex depends on whether the choice is indicated by a hand or an eye movement, in an otherwise identical sensory discrimination task (Cui and Andersen, 2007). On the other hand, a recent fMRI study on humans (Heekeren et al., 2006) revealed a candidate brain region for abstract representation of p ...
The neuropharmacology of impulsive behaviour
... greatly contributed to our understanding of the neural correlates of impulsivity in rodents. A commonly used behavioural paradigm that reliably measures aspects of the inhibition of actions, or impulsive action, in rodents is the 5-choice serial reaction time task (5CSRTT). The 5CSRTT was originally ...
... greatly contributed to our understanding of the neural correlates of impulsivity in rodents. A commonly used behavioural paradigm that reliably measures aspects of the inhibition of actions, or impulsive action, in rodents is the 5-choice serial reaction time task (5CSRTT). The 5CSRTT was originally ...
Basal Forebrain Cholinergic System Is Involved in Rapid Nerve
... ACh release from these synaptosomes starting within 1 min after NGF application. Anti-NGF antibodies blocked the NGFinduced rapid release of ACh. The rapid induction of ACh release cannot be readily explained by NGF’s known role of regulating the survival and function of BF cholinergic system as thi ...
... ACh release from these synaptosomes starting within 1 min after NGF application. Anti-NGF antibodies blocked the NGFinduced rapid release of ACh. The rapid induction of ACh release cannot be readily explained by NGF’s known role of regulating the survival and function of BF cholinergic system as thi ...
L1CAM/Neuroglian controls the axon–axon interactions establishing
... Figure 1. Extra- and intracellular Nrg domains contribute to MB axon guidance. (A) Schematic drawings of MB development. Side views of MB axon projections and cross-sections of the pedunculus are shown: (gray), ’’ (magenta), and (green). (B–D) Frontal projections of posterior (top) and anter ...
... Figure 1. Extra- and intracellular Nrg domains contribute to MB axon guidance. (A) Schematic drawings of MB development. Side views of MB axon projections and cross-sections of the pedunculus are shown: (gray), ’’ (magenta), and (green). (B–D) Frontal projections of posterior (top) and anter ...
Takehiro Matsumora, Kowa Koida and Hidehiko Komatsu
... Initially, the color selectivity of the recorded neuron was determined in a fixation task (see FIXATION TASK for details) and sample color sets for the subsequent discrimination task were tailored to the color selectivity of that neuron. The center color in the sample color set (color #4) was select ...
... Initially, the color selectivity of the recorded neuron was determined in a fixation task (see FIXATION TASK for details) and sample color sets for the subsequent discrimination task were tailored to the color selectivity of that neuron. The center color in the sample color set (color #4) was select ...
The Effects of Short-term and Long-term Learning on the Responses
... the location selectivity of LIP neurons with well-defined visual responses (regardless of the presence of delay period or eye movement-related activity) and reported that 11.7% of their 171 LIP neurons had the center of mass of their radio frequency in the ipsilateral hemifield. This proportion is n ...
... the location selectivity of LIP neurons with well-defined visual responses (regardless of the presence of delay period or eye movement-related activity) and reported that 11.7% of their 171 LIP neurons had the center of mass of their radio frequency in the ipsilateral hemifield. This proportion is n ...
Making Mirrors: Premotor Cortex Stimulation
... training for approximately 1 hour. Each training session was therefore half as long as that given by Catmur et al. (2007); this was to make the overall length of the experiment tolerable for participants. Each trial began with presentation of the hand at rest. After a variable time interval (800, 16 ...
... training for approximately 1 hour. Each training session was therefore half as long as that given by Catmur et al. (2007); this was to make the overall length of the experiment tolerable for participants. Each trial began with presentation of the hand at rest. After a variable time interval (800, 16 ...
Olfactory maps, circuits and computations
... space. Here we argue that two higher-order olfactory regions dynamically construct representations of stimulus parameters using distributive afferent connectivity, local learning rules and the input from neuromodulatory centers. We review what is known about the anatomy, microcircuitry, response pro ...
... space. Here we argue that two higher-order olfactory regions dynamically construct representations of stimulus parameters using distributive afferent connectivity, local learning rules and the input from neuromodulatory centers. We review what is known about the anatomy, microcircuitry, response pro ...
From Lesions to Leptin: Review Hypothalamic Control of Food
... Chehab et al., 1997; Cheung et al., 1997a). Patients presenting with Frölich’s syndrome, as well as ventromedial hypothalamus–lesioned animals, in fact have hypogonadism. Taken together, these data suggest that leptin is essential for normal functioning of the reproductive system (Barash et al., 19 ...
... Chehab et al., 1997; Cheung et al., 1997a). Patients presenting with Frölich’s syndrome, as well as ventromedial hypothalamus–lesioned animals, in fact have hypogonadism. Taken together, these data suggest that leptin is essential for normal functioning of the reproductive system (Barash et al., 19 ...
Slides - Computational Brain Imaging Group
... • Major disadvantage – Self-reporting does not provide adequate understanding of neurophysiological processes underlying different types of pain, and makes it difficult to target adequate treatment to the associated neuropathologic conditions • According to the authors, “it is plausible that neurolo ...
... • Major disadvantage – Self-reporting does not provide adequate understanding of neurophysiological processes underlying different types of pain, and makes it difficult to target adequate treatment to the associated neuropathologic conditions • According to the authors, “it is plausible that neurolo ...
Cross-modal Circuitry Between Auditory and
... or integration are comparatively rare. Furthermore, when neurons receiving auditory and somatosensory inputs have been reported, they showed the lowest incidence among the different patterns of multisensory convergence (Meredith and Stein, 1986; Wallace et al., 1992, 1993; Jiang et al., 1994a,b). Al ...
... or integration are comparatively rare. Furthermore, when neurons receiving auditory and somatosensory inputs have been reported, they showed the lowest incidence among the different patterns of multisensory convergence (Meredith and Stein, 1986; Wallace et al., 1992, 1993; Jiang et al., 1994a,b). Al ...
Full-Text PDF
... The role of presynaptic ionotropic glutamate receptors at glutamatergic synapses has only recently been appreciated. Presynaptic NMDA receptors were first identified in cortical presynaptic terminals by electron microscopy by Aoki and colleagues in 1994 [73], while the first physiological evidence f ...
... The role of presynaptic ionotropic glutamate receptors at glutamatergic synapses has only recently been appreciated. Presynaptic NMDA receptors were first identified in cortical presynaptic terminals by electron microscopy by Aoki and colleagues in 1994 [73], while the first physiological evidence f ...
NIH Public Access
... Although the term “FM-FM” suggests that these neurons respond only to FM sweeps, many such neurons respond well to brief tonal signals within the frequency ranges of FM signals (Mittmann and Wenstrup, 1995; Olsen and Suga, 1991b; Taniguchi et al., 1986). In the mustached bat's IC, combinations of br ...
... Although the term “FM-FM” suggests that these neurons respond only to FM sweeps, many such neurons respond well to brief tonal signals within the frequency ranges of FM signals (Mittmann and Wenstrup, 1995; Olsen and Suga, 1991b; Taniguchi et al., 1986). In the mustached bat's IC, combinations of br ...
Probing electrical signals in the retina via graphene
... cylinder. Living retina was dissected and mounted on top of the agar gel. The cylinder was then inverted and inserted into the large hole of the PDMS ring, such that the retina came in contact with graphene transistors. Serum-free culture media containing neurotrophic factors were then added to the ...
... cylinder. Living retina was dissected and mounted on top of the agar gel. The cylinder was then inverted and inserted into the large hole of the PDMS ring, such that the retina came in contact with graphene transistors. Serum-free culture media containing neurotrophic factors were then added to the ...
Canty, J Neurosci 2009 - Carlos Ibanez Lab @ KI
... in wild-type controls that were processed at the same time and imaged by confocal microscopy under identical conditions. vGAT pixel intensity was measured in 6 quadrants from 2 separate images within each hole (or pseudohole) and individually adjusted for background using average pixel intensities f ...
... in wild-type controls that were processed at the same time and imaged by confocal microscopy under identical conditions. vGAT pixel intensity was measured in 6 quadrants from 2 separate images within each hole (or pseudohole) and individually adjusted for background using average pixel intensities f ...