Role of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis in the control
... mesolimbic DA system, and the major role it plays in modulating DA neuronal activity. We refer also to an excellent review for studies on the role of BST in the pathophysiology of stress-related psychiatric disorders (Forray and Gysling, 2004). The anterior part of the BST receives excitatory inputs ...
... mesolimbic DA system, and the major role it plays in modulating DA neuronal activity. We refer also to an excellent review for studies on the role of BST in the pathophysiology of stress-related psychiatric disorders (Forray and Gysling, 2004). The anterior part of the BST receives excitatory inputs ...
Reduced Levels of Acetylcholine Receptor Expression in Chick
... the AON was ablated in embryos at ED 3.54 (stages 21-23), which precedes the time of synapse formation in the ciliary ganglion (Jacob, 199 1). In early developing chick embryos, the AON is quite accessible since the nucleus lies bilaterally near the surface along the midline region of the dorsal mes ...
... the AON was ablated in embryos at ED 3.54 (stages 21-23), which precedes the time of synapse formation in the ciliary ganglion (Jacob, 199 1). In early developing chick embryos, the AON is quite accessible since the nucleus lies bilaterally near the surface along the midline region of the dorsal mes ...
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... thousands of neighbouring axon terminals. The same neuron's axon terminals may rest close to numerous other dendrites. As a result, an individual neuron may send and receive signals simultaneously in the thousands. d. physically with a few axons. Answer: c Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Reference: 31 Topic: ...
... thousands of neighbouring axon terminals. The same neuron's axon terminals may rest close to numerous other dendrites. As a result, an individual neuron may send and receive signals simultaneously in the thousands. d. physically with a few axons. Answer: c Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Reference: 31 Topic: ...
Cerebral hemisphere regulation of motivated
... initiator. In contrast, undisturbed chronic hypothalamic animals do present spontaneous locomotor behavior, which by definition is not influenced or directed by cognitive inputs from the telencephalon because it has been removed or disconnected [88]. In the sense of providing a certain level of endo ...
... initiator. In contrast, undisturbed chronic hypothalamic animals do present spontaneous locomotor behavior, which by definition is not influenced or directed by cognitive inputs from the telencephalon because it has been removed or disconnected [88]. In the sense of providing a certain level of endo ...
(2000). Cerebral hemisphere regulation of motivated behavior.
... initiator. In contrast, undisturbed chronic hypothalamic animals do present spontaneous locomotor behavior, which by definition is not influenced or directed by cognitive inputs from the telencephalon because it has been removed or disconnected [88]. In the sense of providing a certain level of endo ...
... initiator. In contrast, undisturbed chronic hypothalamic animals do present spontaneous locomotor behavior, which by definition is not influenced or directed by cognitive inputs from the telencephalon because it has been removed or disconnected [88]. In the sense of providing a certain level of endo ...
PDF
... assumes that first-level representations are not experienced. This seems to be agreed on by all models, and consistent with introspection. The second assumption, which is also reasonable and uncontentious, is that third-level representations are conscious, since they are accessible for use in reason ...
... assumes that first-level representations are not experienced. This seems to be agreed on by all models, and consistent with introspection. The second assumption, which is also reasonable and uncontentious, is that third-level representations are conscious, since they are accessible for use in reason ...
The Cerebellum - krigolson teaching
... with many parallel folds called folia (Latin, leaves). Two deep transverse fissures divide the cerebellum into three lobes. The primary fissure on the dorsal surface separates the anterior and posterior lobes, which together form the body of the cerebellum (Figure 42–2A). The posterolateral fissure ...
... with many parallel folds called folia (Latin, leaves). Two deep transverse fissures divide the cerebellum into three lobes. The primary fissure on the dorsal surface separates the anterior and posterior lobes, which together form the body of the cerebellum (Figure 42–2A). The posterolateral fissure ...
Binocular vision, the optic chiasm, and their associations with
... depth during locomotion, examples are interposition (an object is partly obscuring another object), perspective, motion parallax, vergence eye movement cues, accommodation, and optic flow (Heesy, 2009). Heesy (2009) proposed that large binocular visual fields, give at least three unique potential vi ...
... depth during locomotion, examples are interposition (an object is partly obscuring another object), perspective, motion parallax, vergence eye movement cues, accommodation, and optic flow (Heesy, 2009). Heesy (2009) proposed that large binocular visual fields, give at least three unique potential vi ...
![arXiv:1604.00289v3 [cs.AI] 2 Nov 2016](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/003558001_1-ebbf1f5b4b7daca920a4ae5f6fdbbe61-300x300.png)
arXiv:1604.00289v3 [cs.AI] 2 Nov 2016
... to learn or think like a person. We first review some of the criteria previously offered by cognitive scientists, developmental psychologists, and AI researchers. Second, we articulate what we view as the essential ingredients for building such a machine that learns or thinks like a person, synthesi ...
... to learn or think like a person. We first review some of the criteria previously offered by cognitive scientists, developmental psychologists, and AI researchers. Second, we articulate what we view as the essential ingredients for building such a machine that learns or thinks like a person, synthesi ...
Building Machines That Learn and Think Like People
... and other capacities we describe in the sections that follow. More structure and inductive biases could be built into the networks or learned from previous experience with related tasks, leading to more human-like patterns of learning and development. Networks may learn to effectively search for and ...
... and other capacities we describe in the sections that follow. More structure and inductive biases could be built into the networks or learned from previous experience with related tasks, leading to more human-like patterns of learning and development. Networks may learn to effectively search for and ...
neural projections from nucleus accumbens to globus pallidus
... electrophysiological recordings were made from single neurons in these regions to map the location of units that respond to electrical stimulation of the nucleus accumbens. Recordings also were made from neurons in dorsal parts of the GP (GPd) before the microelectrode was lowered to the GP, and the ...
... electrophysiological recordings were made from single neurons in these regions to map the location of units that respond to electrical stimulation of the nucleus accumbens. Recordings also were made from neurons in dorsal parts of the GP (GPd) before the microelectrode was lowered to the GP, and the ...
The neuroprotective effects of milk fat globule
... progression [6]. This suggests that MFG-E8 acts as a suppressor of the peripheral immune system and that MFG-E8 may be a therapeutic target for immune-mediated bowel diseases [7,8]. Microglia are resident immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS). In neurodegenerative diseases, such as AD and ...
... progression [6]. This suggests that MFG-E8 acts as a suppressor of the peripheral immune system and that MFG-E8 may be a therapeutic target for immune-mediated bowel diseases [7,8]. Microglia are resident immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS). In neurodegenerative diseases, such as AD and ...
Functional Connectivity of the Secondary Somatosensory Cortex of
... provide an alternative view, that is, S2 received direct thalamic inputs rather than through a serially organized path by means of S1. One hypothesis to explain these divergent findings is the possibility that serial or parallel processing types vary among species and/ or different body regions. The ...
... provide an alternative view, that is, S2 received direct thalamic inputs rather than through a serially organized path by means of S1. One hypothesis to explain these divergent findings is the possibility that serial or parallel processing types vary among species and/ or different body regions. The ...
development and plasticity of cortical areas and networks
... humans contains over 10 billion neurons, is the seat of our highest sensory, motor and cognitive abilities. Understanding how it develops and how it changes is central to our understanding of brain function and is crucial to the development of treatments for neurological disease. Cortical developmen ...
... humans contains over 10 billion neurons, is the seat of our highest sensory, motor and cognitive abilities. Understanding how it develops and how it changes is central to our understanding of brain function and is crucial to the development of treatments for neurological disease. Cortical developmen ...
Differential Characteristics of Face Neuron Responses Within the
... The monkeys were trained to perform a version of a sequential delayed matching-to-sample task that requires the identification of a face (I-DMS task; Fig. 1A); this behavioral task was the same as that described in our preceding paper (Eifuku et al. 2004). In the I-DMS task, a sample (480 ms) stimul ...
... The monkeys were trained to perform a version of a sequential delayed matching-to-sample task that requires the identification of a face (I-DMS task; Fig. 1A); this behavioral task was the same as that described in our preceding paper (Eifuku et al. 2004). In the I-DMS task, a sample (480 ms) stimul ...
The Optic Tectum of Birds - Department of Psychology
... Figure 3. Connectivity of the isthmal nuclei with the tectum. (A) shows a coronal section through the tectum showing typical injections of fluorescent biotinylated dextran amines (BDA). A retrogradely labelled cell and anterogradely labelled terminals from the red injection can be seen in parvocellu ...
... Figure 3. Connectivity of the isthmal nuclei with the tectum. (A) shows a coronal section through the tectum showing typical injections of fluorescent biotinylated dextran amines (BDA). A retrogradely labelled cell and anterogradely labelled terminals from the red injection can be seen in parvocellu ...
(2007) The most superficial sublamina of rat superior colluculus
... Long–Evans hooded rats (n ⫽ 17) were used in this study. They were bred in the University of Utah animal facility from stock purchased from Charles River Laboratories. All procedures used on animals were reviewed and approved by the University Animal Care and Use Committee and were consistent with N ...
... Long–Evans hooded rats (n ⫽ 17) were used in this study. They were bred in the University of Utah animal facility from stock purchased from Charles River Laboratories. All procedures used on animals were reviewed and approved by the University Animal Care and Use Committee and were consistent with N ...
development and plasticity of cortical areas and networks
... humans contains over 10 billion neurons, is the seat of our highest sensory, motor and cognitive abilities. Understanding how it develops and how it changes is central to our understanding of brain function and is crucial to the development of treatments for neurological disease. Cortical developmen ...
... humans contains over 10 billion neurons, is the seat of our highest sensory, motor and cognitive abilities. Understanding how it develops and how it changes is central to our understanding of brain function and is crucial to the development of treatments for neurological disease. Cortical developmen ...
Structure of Receptive Fields in Area 3b of Primary Somatosensory
... applicable to a wide range of stimulus patterns. However, because our stimulus pattern is random, the estimation method has a simple explanation. Each of the subregions was stimulated by a passing dot ;1000 times (each region of skin was stimulated by 50 cm 2 of the stimulus pattern, which contained ...
... applicable to a wide range of stimulus patterns. However, because our stimulus pattern is random, the estimation method has a simple explanation. Each of the subregions was stimulated by a passing dot ;1000 times (each region of skin was stimulated by 50 cm 2 of the stimulus pattern, which contained ...
TESIS DOCTORAL Regulación de la plasticidad y de la capacidad
... memory, obesity associated to hyperphagia and increased excitability of CA1 pyramidal neurons. In the long term, we also observed slow and progressive excitotoxic neurodegeneration. Overall, our results indicate that interfering with microRNA biogenesis causes an increase in neuronal responsiveness ...
... memory, obesity associated to hyperphagia and increased excitability of CA1 pyramidal neurons. In the long term, we also observed slow and progressive excitotoxic neurodegeneration. Overall, our results indicate that interfering with microRNA biogenesis causes an increase in neuronal responsiveness ...
Dopamine is produced in the rat spinal cord and regulates
... Dopamine (DA) neurons in the mammalian central nervous system are thought to be restricted to the brain. DA-mediated regulation of urinary activity is considered to occur through an interaction between midbrain DA neurons and the pontine micturition center. Here we show that DA is produced in the ra ...
... Dopamine (DA) neurons in the mammalian central nervous system are thought to be restricted to the brain. DA-mediated regulation of urinary activity is considered to occur through an interaction between midbrain DA neurons and the pontine micturition center. Here we show that DA is produced in the ra ...
Thalamocortical neuron loss and localized astrocytosis in the Cln3
... and Peltonen, 2001; Gardiner, 2002). Juvenile NCL (JNCL) is the result of a mutation in the CLN3 gene, located in the p12.1 region of chromosome 16 (International Batten Disease Consortium, 1995). This most frequently occurring form of NCL has an age of onset between 4 and 10 years and typically res ...
... and Peltonen, 2001; Gardiner, 2002). Juvenile NCL (JNCL) is the result of a mutation in the CLN3 gene, located in the p12.1 region of chromosome 16 (International Batten Disease Consortium, 1995). This most frequently occurring form of NCL has an age of onset between 4 and 10 years and typically res ...
NIH Public Access
... In this report we have tested the hypothesis that NMDARs may also be involved in the extinction of drug-seeking behavior. The efficacy of extinction was directly compared with the responses measured in another group of abstinent rats that remained in their home cage environments for an equivalent am ...
... In this report we have tested the hypothesis that NMDARs may also be involved in the extinction of drug-seeking behavior. The efficacy of extinction was directly compared with the responses measured in another group of abstinent rats that remained in their home cage environments for an equivalent am ...
Mechanisms of Sleep Control - UCLA Integrative Center for
... The most caudal region implicated in NREM sleep control is the region of the nucleus of the solitary tract. Low-frequency stimulation of this structure can produce short-latency sleep onset (Magnes et al., 1961). Stimulation of the baroreceptor afferents to this area can also produce rapid sleep ons ...
... The most caudal region implicated in NREM sleep control is the region of the nucleus of the solitary tract. Low-frequency stimulation of this structure can produce short-latency sleep onset (Magnes et al., 1961). Stimulation of the baroreceptor afferents to this area can also produce rapid sleep ons ...