Thalamocortical neuron loss and localized astrocytosis in the Cln3
... and Peltonen, 2001; Gardiner, 2002). Juvenile NCL (JNCL) is the result of a mutation in the CLN3 gene, located in the p12.1 region of chromosome 16 (International Batten Disease Consortium, 1995). This most frequently occurring form of NCL has an age of onset between 4 and 10 years and typically res ...
... and Peltonen, 2001; Gardiner, 2002). Juvenile NCL (JNCL) is the result of a mutation in the CLN3 gene, located in the p12.1 region of chromosome 16 (International Batten Disease Consortium, 1995). This most frequently occurring form of NCL has an age of onset between 4 and 10 years and typically res ...
NIH Public Access
... In this report we have tested the hypothesis that NMDARs may also be involved in the extinction of drug-seeking behavior. The efficacy of extinction was directly compared with the responses measured in another group of abstinent rats that remained in their home cage environments for an equivalent am ...
... In this report we have tested the hypothesis that NMDARs may also be involved in the extinction of drug-seeking behavior. The efficacy of extinction was directly compared with the responses measured in another group of abstinent rats that remained in their home cage environments for an equivalent am ...
Sample
... thousands of neighbouring axon terminals. The same neuron's axon terminals may rest close to numerous other dendrites. As a result, an individual neuron may send and receive signals simultaneously in the thousands. d. physically with a few axons. Answer: c Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Reference: 31 Topic: ...
... thousands of neighbouring axon terminals. The same neuron's axon terminals may rest close to numerous other dendrites. As a result, an individual neuron may send and receive signals simultaneously in the thousands. d. physically with a few axons. Answer: c Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Reference: 31 Topic: ...
Mechanisms of Sleep Control - UCLA Integrative Center for
... The most caudal region implicated in NREM sleep control is the region of the nucleus of the solitary tract. Low-frequency stimulation of this structure can produce short-latency sleep onset (Magnes et al., 1961). Stimulation of the baroreceptor afferents to this area can also produce rapid sleep ons ...
... The most caudal region implicated in NREM sleep control is the region of the nucleus of the solitary tract. Low-frequency stimulation of this structure can produce short-latency sleep onset (Magnes et al., 1961). Stimulation of the baroreceptor afferents to this area can also produce rapid sleep ons ...
The control of rostrocaudal pattern in the developing spinal cord
... within the developing chick hindbrain (Itasaki et al., 1996; Grapin-Botton et al., 1997). At spinal cord levels, signals from the somites have been shown to restrict the rostrocaudal spread of clonally related cells (Stern et al., 1991). Moreover, different rostrocaudal domains of the embryonic spin ...
... within the developing chick hindbrain (Itasaki et al., 1996; Grapin-Botton et al., 1997). At spinal cord levels, signals from the somites have been shown to restrict the rostrocaudal spread of clonally related cells (Stern et al., 1991). Moreover, different rostrocaudal domains of the embryonic spin ...
Functional anatomy of neural circuits regulating fear and extinction
... into postsynaptic sites. This was further confirmed by double- and triple-immunofluorescence (IF) staining for Venus (with use of anti-GFP antibody), Bassoon (presynaptic marker; Fig. 1D), and drebrin (postsynaptic marker; Fig. 1E). Three-dimensional reconstruction of confocal images of individual spi ...
... into postsynaptic sites. This was further confirmed by double- and triple-immunofluorescence (IF) staining for Venus (with use of anti-GFP antibody), Bassoon (presynaptic marker; Fig. 1D), and drebrin (postsynaptic marker; Fig. 1E). Three-dimensional reconstruction of confocal images of individual spi ...
CURRICULUM VITAE - Test - University of South Florida
... Role: PI with T. E. Dick, Ph. D. Case Western Reserve University Medical School R01 NS46062-01 Lindsey (PI) 09/30/02 to 08/31/07 NIH/NINDS Computational Studies of the Respiratory Brainstem This collaborative project brings together researchers in five states to simulate populations of respiratory n ...
... Role: PI with T. E. Dick, Ph. D. Case Western Reserve University Medical School R01 NS46062-01 Lindsey (PI) 09/30/02 to 08/31/07 NIH/NINDS Computational Studies of the Respiratory Brainstem This collaborative project brings together researchers in five states to simulate populations of respiratory n ...
Neural substrates for expectation-modulated fear learning in
... stores memories of the conditioned stimulus–unconditioned stimulus association, but the origin of UCS inputs to the amygdala is unknown. Theory and evidence suggest that instructive UCS inputs to the amygdala will be inhibited when the UCS is expected, but this has not been found during fear conditi ...
... stores memories of the conditioned stimulus–unconditioned stimulus association, but the origin of UCS inputs to the amygdala is unknown. Theory and evidence suggest that instructive UCS inputs to the amygdala will be inhibited when the UCS is expected, but this has not been found during fear conditi ...
Is the Lateral Septum's Inhibitory Influence on the Amygdala Mediated... GABA-ergic Neurons? Mason Austin
... relatively early study, Delgado, Rosvold, and Looney (1956) conditioned monkeys to reach for one of two cups, depending on the frequency of a tone; during a high frequency tone, the monkeys were shocked if they did not quickly select the correct cup, thus producing anxiety. After the monkeys were fu ...
... relatively early study, Delgado, Rosvold, and Looney (1956) conditioned monkeys to reach for one of two cups, depending on the frequency of a tone; during a high frequency tone, the monkeys were shocked if they did not quickly select the correct cup, thus producing anxiety. After the monkeys were fu ...
Co-activation of VTA DA and GABA neurons mediates nicotine
... Single unit extracellular recordings were performed in wild-type (WT), KO and VEC (vector) mice as detailed in the Supplementary Information. Animals were anesthetized with chloral hydrate (400 mg kg, intraperitoneally). Spontaneously active DA and GABA neurons were identified on the basis of previou ...
... Single unit extracellular recordings were performed in wild-type (WT), KO and VEC (vector) mice as detailed in the Supplementary Information. Animals were anesthetized with chloral hydrate (400 mg kg, intraperitoneally). Spontaneously active DA and GABA neurons were identified on the basis of previou ...
Spatial and Temporal Structure of Receptive Fields in Primate
... ulus sequence was lengthy and not all neurons could be held for the entire sequence, the stimulus order (0, 180, 90, 270, 45, 135, 225, and 315°) was designed to produce the greatest possible range of directions at any stopping point. When four scanning directions were used, the order was 0, 90, 180 ...
... ulus sequence was lengthy and not all neurons could be held for the entire sequence, the stimulus order (0, 180, 90, 270, 45, 135, 225, and 315°) was designed to produce the greatest possible range of directions at any stopping point. When four scanning directions were used, the order was 0, 90, 180 ...
GLIA: LISTENING AND TALKING TO THE SYNAPSE
... Ca2+-imaging studies in the acutely isolated retina have shown that waves of elevated Ca2+ can spread between retinal astrocytes and MÜLLER GLIA30 (FIG. 3). Although such Ca2+ waves can be detected in the retina and in organotypic cultures of the hippocampus30,31, it is not yet certain whether they ...
... Ca2+-imaging studies in the acutely isolated retina have shown that waves of elevated Ca2+ can spread between retinal astrocytes and MÜLLER GLIA30 (FIG. 3). Although such Ca2+ waves can be detected in the retina and in organotypic cultures of the hippocampus30,31, it is not yet certain whether they ...
- Journal of Vestibular Research
... "intrinsic mechanism hypothesis," a new hypothesis of vestibular compensation, the behavioral recovery that follows unilateral deafferentation of the vestibular labyrinth (UVD). The most salient characteristic of vestibular compensation is the decrease in the severity of the static ocular motor and ...
... "intrinsic mechanism hypothesis," a new hypothesis of vestibular compensation, the behavioral recovery that follows unilateral deafferentation of the vestibular labyrinth (UVD). The most salient characteristic of vestibular compensation is the decrease in the severity of the static ocular motor and ...
Functional Organization of Ferret Auditory Cortex
... response properties between different cortical areas. However, our principal interest in this paper was to investigate the overall functional organization of a large area of cortex. Hence the inclusion of small clusters will tend to make us more conservative in assigning differences between the field ...
... response properties between different cortical areas. However, our principal interest in this paper was to investigate the overall functional organization of a large area of cortex. Hence the inclusion of small clusters will tend to make us more conservative in assigning differences between the field ...
Neural systems for guilt from actions affecting self versus others
... diminished guilt and compassion (Koenigs et al., 2007). Investigation of the evaluative processes comparing guilt and embarrassment showed that both conditions commonly activated the medial PFC and the left superior temporal sulcus (STS) (Takahashi et al., 2004). In parallel to these studies of emot ...
... diminished guilt and compassion (Koenigs et al., 2007). Investigation of the evaluative processes comparing guilt and embarrassment showed that both conditions commonly activated the medial PFC and the left superior temporal sulcus (STS) (Takahashi et al., 2004). In parallel to these studies of emot ...
Task-dependent plasticity of spectrotemporal receptive fields in
... suggests that “it is a general process of information storage and representation”. Each of these earlier studies measured changes in receptive Weld properties of A1 neurons that arose from behavior – we highlight two speciWc results from the earlier experiments in this Weld: (1) cortical receptive W ...
... suggests that “it is a general process of information storage and representation”. Each of these earlier studies measured changes in receptive Weld properties of A1 neurons that arose from behavior – we highlight two speciWc results from the earlier experiments in this Weld: (1) cortical receptive W ...
Cliff - USD Biology
... Does reward uncertainty functionally remove the salience of reward pairing? ...
... Does reward uncertainty functionally remove the salience of reward pairing? ...
CELL MIGRATION IN THE FOREBRAIN
... which splits the preplate into two layers, the marginal zone and the subplate. Cajal-Retzius cells, which are born at the time the preplate is formed, remain near the pial surface in the marginal zone, whereas the rest of the primordial cells constitute the subplate. The development of the cerebral ...
... which splits the preplate into two layers, the marginal zone and the subplate. Cajal-Retzius cells, which are born at the time the preplate is formed, remain near the pial surface in the marginal zone, whereas the rest of the primordial cells constitute the subplate. The development of the cerebral ...
Resonance properties of different neuronal populations in the
... sensory-motor behaviour, learning and memory processes and synaptic plasticity (Winson, 1978;Huerta and Lisman, 1993;Wilson and Mcnaughton, 1994;Buzsaki, 2002). However, in humans, by EEG or MEG recording in cerebral cortex and hippocampus, θ band oscillations are not involved in exploration or lear ...
... sensory-motor behaviour, learning and memory processes and synaptic plasticity (Winson, 1978;Huerta and Lisman, 1993;Wilson and Mcnaughton, 1994;Buzsaki, 2002). However, in humans, by EEG or MEG recording in cerebral cortex and hippocampus, θ band oscillations are not involved in exploration or lear ...
Functional Properties of Parietal Visual Neurons: Mechanisms of
... We first give a new description of the receptive fields of PVNs. These receptive fields are dynamically maintained, for their sizes and in-field properties are determined by the behavioral state of the animal at the time of study (Mountcastle et al., 1981); they also vary with the parameters of the ...
... We first give a new description of the receptive fields of PVNs. These receptive fields are dynamically maintained, for their sizes and in-field properties are determined by the behavioral state of the animal at the time of study (Mountcastle et al., 1981); they also vary with the parameters of the ...
Balanced Excitatory and Inhibitory Inputs to Cortical Neurons
... We demonstrate that this constancy of the firing irregularity improves the estimation of input firing rate. Accumulating evidence suggests that synaptic inputs are balanced in cerebral cortex (Shu et al., 2003; Haider et al., 2006) and spinal cord (Berg et al., 2007). Our results achieve a novel ins ...
... We demonstrate that this constancy of the firing irregularity improves the estimation of input firing rate. Accumulating evidence suggests that synaptic inputs are balanced in cerebral cortex (Shu et al., 2003; Haider et al., 2006) and spinal cord (Berg et al., 2007). Our results achieve a novel ins ...
Coordinated Optimization of Visual Cortical Maps
... developmental optimization on biologically relevant timescales. Such transient solutions are expected to be more irregular than the final attractor states. Analytical results were obtained using a perturbative treatment close to the pattern forming threshold. This perturbative treatment, however, gi ...
... developmental optimization on biologically relevant timescales. Such transient solutions are expected to be more irregular than the final attractor states. Analytical results were obtained using a perturbative treatment close to the pattern forming threshold. This perturbative treatment, however, gi ...
Plasticity of Sensory and Motor Maps in Adult Mammals
... Figure 1 The reorganization of primary somatosensory cortex (area 3b or S-I proper) monkeysafter different experimental manipulations. A. The location of area 3b on a dorsolateral view of an owl monkeybrain. Because of the lack of a central fissure, most of the representation of the body is in the c ...
... Figure 1 The reorganization of primary somatosensory cortex (area 3b or S-I proper) monkeysafter different experimental manipulations. A. The location of area 3b on a dorsolateral view of an owl monkeybrain. Because of the lack of a central fissure, most of the representation of the body is in the c ...
Basal Ganglia: Internal Organization
... (see below). The corticostriatal and thalamostriatal projections are highly topographically organized and impart functionality onto the striatum and, consequently, other divisions of the basal ganglia. The main synaptic targets of the cortical and thalamic inputs to the basal ganglia are the medium- ...
... (see below). The corticostriatal and thalamostriatal projections are highly topographically organized and impart functionality onto the striatum and, consequently, other divisions of the basal ganglia. The main synaptic targets of the cortical and thalamic inputs to the basal ganglia are the medium- ...
Zebrafish foxd3 is selectively required for neural crest specification
... numerous transcription factors, including foxd3, snail/slug, sox10 and tfap2a, that have critical roles in neural crest development (Gammill and Bronner-Fraser, 2003), but how these genes direct the subsequent specification of neural crest sublineages remains unclear. Foxd3 has been proposed to play ...
... numerous transcription factors, including foxd3, snail/slug, sox10 and tfap2a, that have critical roles in neural crest development (Gammill and Bronner-Fraser, 2003), but how these genes direct the subsequent specification of neural crest sublineages remains unclear. Foxd3 has been proposed to play ...