The effect of selective attention on auditory frequency
... noise depends largely on the differences in neural level representations of the auditory inputs. The auditory cortex (AC) is tonotopically organized, which means that the frequency information is mapped to the cortical topography. Thus, similar frequencies are processed in close vicinity at AC. The ...
... noise depends largely on the differences in neural level representations of the auditory inputs. The auditory cortex (AC) is tonotopically organized, which means that the frequency information is mapped to the cortical topography. Thus, similar frequencies are processed in close vicinity at AC. The ...
Affective percept and voluntary action: A hypothesis
... systems. Accordingly, we will distinguish food affective stimuli, esthetic affective stimuli, etc. Different affective stimuli evoke the corresponding affective percepts and the latter can be divided according to the same four criteria. The division of affective percepts according to criteria 1 and ...
... systems. Accordingly, we will distinguish food affective stimuli, esthetic affective stimuli, etc. Different affective stimuli evoke the corresponding affective percepts and the latter can be divided according to the same four criteria. The division of affective percepts according to criteria 1 and ...
Structure and Function of the Brain Serotonin System
... the rat brain. Aghajanian et al. (6) found that these neurons consistently displayed a distinctive slow and highly regular discharge pattern, which was established as a bioelectric “signature” for this neurochemical group of neurons. The last set of advances relevant to this review conterns the plas ...
... the rat brain. Aghajanian et al. (6) found that these neurons consistently displayed a distinctive slow and highly regular discharge pattern, which was established as a bioelectric “signature” for this neurochemical group of neurons. The last set of advances relevant to this review conterns the plas ...
Cortical connections of the visuomotor parietooccipital
... At the end of recording sessions, neural tracers were injected by using a “recording syringe” (i.e., a 1-l Hamilton syringe with a metal microelectrode attached to the needle) in order to inject neuronal tracer into physiologically identified different parts of V6A. The needle of this syringe was ad ...
... At the end of recording sessions, neural tracers were injected by using a “recording syringe” (i.e., a 1-l Hamilton syringe with a metal microelectrode attached to the needle) in order to inject neuronal tracer into physiologically identified different parts of V6A. The needle of this syringe was ad ...
Significance of the cranial neural crest
... the apoptotic elimination of these cells (Graham et al., 1994). In vitro application of Bmp-4 can also promote crest depletion of rhombomeres 2 and 6, which correlates with the finding that much of the hindbrain neural crest expresses the necessary receptors and intracellular effectors to respond to ...
... the apoptotic elimination of these cells (Graham et al., 1994). In vitro application of Bmp-4 can also promote crest depletion of rhombomeres 2 and 6, which correlates with the finding that much of the hindbrain neural crest expresses the necessary receptors and intracellular effectors to respond to ...
synaptic connections made by axons
... the CNS facilitates the study of axonal growth and connectivity by anatomical and electrophysiological techniques, minimizing undue spread of tracers or ambiguities concerning effective sites of electrical stimulation. For such technical reasons and because axotomy near the neuronal somata is a pre- ...
... the CNS facilitates the study of axonal growth and connectivity by anatomical and electrophysiological techniques, minimizing undue spread of tracers or ambiguities concerning effective sites of electrical stimulation. For such technical reasons and because axotomy near the neuronal somata is a pre- ...
Comparison of the Distributions of lpsilaterally and Contralaterally
... demonstrated in this study reflects the high degree of specificity of cortical connectivity. This anatomical organization may be the basis for a precise channeling of differential information at the single neuron level. Each of the cat’s numerous cortical representations of the visual hemifield is i ...
... demonstrated in this study reflects the high degree of specificity of cortical connectivity. This anatomical organization may be the basis for a precise channeling of differential information at the single neuron level. Each of the cat’s numerous cortical representations of the visual hemifield is i ...
Electrolytic lesion of globus pallidus ameliorates the behavioral and
... these measures were compared between the striatal and combined Žstriatal and pallidal. groups. No difference in dorsal striatal size was found, suggesting no differential shrinkage or swelling of the brain as a result of lesion or fixation. The striatal lesions were located in the medial half of the ...
... these measures were compared between the striatal and combined Žstriatal and pallidal. groups. No difference in dorsal striatal size was found, suggesting no differential shrinkage or swelling of the brain as a result of lesion or fixation. The striatal lesions were located in the medial half of the ...
Autonomic Nervous System
... • Discuss the roles played by neurotransmitters. • Describe the three types of reflexes and explain how they work. © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. ...
... • Discuss the roles played by neurotransmitters. • Describe the three types of reflexes and explain how they work. © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. ...
The what, where and how of auditory
... whereas non-spatial activity is observed across the temporal lobe35. Finally, other findings have shown that the ventral stream is involved in the categorization of speech sounds36–38, which is an important component of auditory-object processing 1. Preferential spatial and non-spatial processing is ...
... whereas non-spatial activity is observed across the temporal lobe35. Finally, other findings have shown that the ventral stream is involved in the categorization of speech sounds36–38, which is an important component of auditory-object processing 1. Preferential spatial and non-spatial processing is ...
Anatomy and regulation of the central melanocortin system
... (Fig. 2); in addition, immunoelectron microscopy demonstrated that many POMC cell bodies are contacted by terminals containing both GABA and NPY37. In addition to characterization of leptin action, this preparation was also used to demonstrate that MC3R is an inhibitory autoreceptor on the POMC circ ...
... (Fig. 2); in addition, immunoelectron microscopy demonstrated that many POMC cell bodies are contacted by terminals containing both GABA and NPY37. In addition to characterization of leptin action, this preparation was also used to demonstrate that MC3R is an inhibitory autoreceptor on the POMC circ ...
- TestbankU
... 16. Conan brought his mother to the hospital when he noticed she couldn’t move one side of her body and had great difficulty speaking. The physician informed Conan that his mother may have had a stroke. He wanted to confirm this speculation by using an imaging device that utilized Xrays. Which of th ...
... 16. Conan brought his mother to the hospital when he noticed she couldn’t move one side of her body and had great difficulty speaking. The physician informed Conan that his mother may have had a stroke. He wanted to confirm this speculation by using an imaging device that utilized Xrays. Which of th ...
Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF): Neurotrophic Functions and
... interleukin (IL)-6 family (CNTF, LIF, cardiotrophin and IL6) [6, 7]. However, neurological, neuroimmunological and psychiatric diseases are not simply dependent on the disruption of neuronal functions, but are sometimes dependent on extraneuronal activities by glial, vascular and immunological cells ...
... interleukin (IL)-6 family (CNTF, LIF, cardiotrophin and IL6) [6, 7]. However, neurological, neuroimmunological and psychiatric diseases are not simply dependent on the disruption of neuronal functions, but are sometimes dependent on extraneuronal activities by glial, vascular and immunological cells ...
Chapter 8 PowerPoint
... Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
... Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
ARTICULOS PUBLICADOS EN REVISTAS ELECTRÓNICAS: TRABAJO 1:
... 5-HT can also activate excitatory receptors (5HT2A and 5-HT3) in GABA interneurons (Morales and Bloom, 1997; Jakab and Goldman-Rakic, 2000) to increase a synaptic GABA input onto pyramidal neurons (Tanaka and North, 1993; Zhou and Hablitz, 1999; Férézou et al., 2002) However, despite the wealth of i ...
... 5-HT can also activate excitatory receptors (5HT2A and 5-HT3) in GABA interneurons (Morales and Bloom, 1997; Jakab and Goldman-Rakic, 2000) to increase a synaptic GABA input onto pyramidal neurons (Tanaka and North, 1993; Zhou and Hablitz, 1999; Férézou et al., 2002) However, despite the wealth of i ...
Surface-view connectivity patterns of area 18 in cats
... Cats exhibit one of the more complex visual systems outside of primates (Kaas 1980, 1987, 1989, Northcutt and Kaas 1995). Thus, they provide an opportunity to determine how connectivity patterns have evolved outside the primate line, and how these connectivity complexities reflect a modification of ...
... Cats exhibit one of the more complex visual systems outside of primates (Kaas 1980, 1987, 1989, Northcutt and Kaas 1995). Thus, they provide an opportunity to determine how connectivity patterns have evolved outside the primate line, and how these connectivity complexities reflect a modification of ...
Chapter 29 - krigolson teaching
... from one object to another. These movements or saccades bring the high resolution of the fovea to bear on different regions of the visual field, exploiting the high density of photoreceptors in the central fovea. Without saccades this high-resolution processing could be achieved only by moving the h ...
... from one object to another. These movements or saccades bring the high resolution of the fovea to bear on different regions of the visual field, exploiting the high density of photoreceptors in the central fovea. Without saccades this high-resolution processing could be achieved only by moving the h ...
Complete nervous system 11
... convert it into nerve impulses. B. When sensory impulses are integrated in the brain as perceptions, this is the integrative function of the nervous system. C. Conscious or subconscious decisions follow, leading to motor functions via effectors. ...
... convert it into nerve impulses. B. When sensory impulses are integrated in the brain as perceptions, this is the integrative function of the nervous system. C. Conscious or subconscious decisions follow, leading to motor functions via effectors. ...
Parallel Processing of Appetitive Short- and Long
... projection neurons to the MB and the electric shock carried by dopaminergic neurons [25, 26]. Interestingly, RUT cAMP signaling is required in g neurons to form aversive STM [22, 24] and in ab neurons to form LTM [24], suggesting an independence of these two memory phases. However, several results s ...
... projection neurons to the MB and the electric shock carried by dopaminergic neurons [25, 26]. Interestingly, RUT cAMP signaling is required in g neurons to form aversive STM [22, 24] and in ab neurons to form LTM [24], suggesting an independence of these two memory phases. However, several results s ...
PDF
... expanding patterns to contracting patterns (5, 6). Many neurons have the same directional selectivity in both the tactile and visual modality (4, 6); these cells might encode the motion of objects passing near or rubbing against the face as the monkey moves forward. Neurons in VIP are influenced by ...
... expanding patterns to contracting patterns (5, 6). Many neurons have the same directional selectivity in both the tactile and visual modality (4, 6); these cells might encode the motion of objects passing near or rubbing against the face as the monkey moves forward. Neurons in VIP are influenced by ...
The limbic system
... The medial preoptic area of the hypothalamus is a key structure in the central control of male sexual behavior. Chemosensory efferents from the main and accessory olfactory systems project to the medial amygdala (MeA). MeA sends direct and indirect innervations (through the bed nucleus of the stria ...
... The medial preoptic area of the hypothalamus is a key structure in the central control of male sexual behavior. Chemosensory efferents from the main and accessory olfactory systems project to the medial amygdala (MeA). MeA sends direct and indirect innervations (through the bed nucleus of the stria ...
1 - Libreria Universo
... the glans to the urogenital diaphragm where it is contiguous with Scarpa’s fascia. Superficial to Colles’ fascia is the skin (see Fig. 2.1). Proximally, the corpora cavernosa form the penile crura, which are anchored to the pubic rami and are covered by the ischiocavernosus muscles [1]. The proximal ...
... the glans to the urogenital diaphragm where it is contiguous with Scarpa’s fascia. Superficial to Colles’ fascia is the skin (see Fig. 2.1). Proximally, the corpora cavernosa form the penile crura, which are anchored to the pubic rami and are covered by the ischiocavernosus muscles [1]. The proximal ...
Citation As Published Publisher Version Accessed
... the output of the anterior forebrain pathway (AFP), a circuit homologous to BGthalamocortical loops in mammals that is necessary for vocal learning but not for song production in adults. While lesions of LMAN in adult birds have relatively little effect on song structure, in juvenile birds they prod ...
... the output of the anterior forebrain pathway (AFP), a circuit homologous to BGthalamocortical loops in mammals that is necessary for vocal learning but not for song production in adults. While lesions of LMAN in adult birds have relatively little effect on song structure, in juvenile birds they prod ...
PDF
... L3/Lhx8) (Grigoriou et al., 1998; Matsumoto et al., 1996) have been implicated in the development of MGE derivatives, including cortical GABAergic interneurons and ventral forebrain cholinergic neurons (FCNs) (Alifragis et al., 2004; Bachy and Retaux, 2006; Du et al., 2008; Fragkouli et al., 2005; L ...
... L3/Lhx8) (Grigoriou et al., 1998; Matsumoto et al., 1996) have been implicated in the development of MGE derivatives, including cortical GABAergic interneurons and ventral forebrain cholinergic neurons (FCNs) (Alifragis et al., 2004; Bachy and Retaux, 2006; Du et al., 2008; Fragkouli et al., 2005; L ...
Neurophysiology of synesthesia. - Hal-CEA
... neural models derived from these test cases may generalize to other forms of synesthesia, and may thereby provide valuable insights into this fascinating phenomenon. Neural models of synesthesia can be described either at a neurophysiological level or at an architectural level [1]. At the neurophysi ...
... neural models derived from these test cases may generalize to other forms of synesthesia, and may thereby provide valuable insights into this fascinating phenomenon. Neural models of synesthesia can be described either at a neurophysiological level or at an architectural level [1]. At the neurophysi ...