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descending projections from the trigeminal ganglion and
... their communication with gustatory and autonomic nerve fibers was already well known at the beginning of the twentieth century (19). Since then it has been studied through in a great detail (5, 44, 51, 69, 71, and the references therein). A survey of the literature reveals that each of these nerves ...
... their communication with gustatory and autonomic nerve fibers was already well known at the beginning of the twentieth century (19). Since then it has been studied through in a great detail (5, 44, 51, 69, 71, and the references therein). A survey of the literature reveals that each of these nerves ...
microcircuits in the striatum striatal cell types and their
... abundant of the striatal interneurons comprising 0.32% of the neurons in the rodent striatum (Kawaguchi et al., 1995; Rymar et al., 2004). The somata of these interneurons range from 20-50 µm in diameter. The neurons emit 2-4 large primary dendrites that give rise to higher order dendrites that span ...
... abundant of the striatal interneurons comprising 0.32% of the neurons in the rodent striatum (Kawaguchi et al., 1995; Rymar et al., 2004). The somata of these interneurons range from 20-50 µm in diameter. The neurons emit 2-4 large primary dendrites that give rise to higher order dendrites that span ...
Winstanley et al. - Rudolf Cardinal
... Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge, Downing Site, Cambridge CB2 3EB, United Kingdom ...
... Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge, Downing Site, Cambridge CB2 3EB, United Kingdom ...
Electrophysiological markers of Rapid Eye Movements in
... Ocular movements are not only a predominant features of wakefulness, they are also observed in sleep (Aserinsky and Kleitman 1953) and are indeed used to define and categorize sleep stages: Rapid Eye Movements (REM) and Non-Rapid Eye Movement (NREM) sleep (see Box 1)2. Michel Jouvet’s work highlight ...
... Ocular movements are not only a predominant features of wakefulness, they are also observed in sleep (Aserinsky and Kleitman 1953) and are indeed used to define and categorize sleep stages: Rapid Eye Movements (REM) and Non-Rapid Eye Movement (NREM) sleep (see Box 1)2. Michel Jouvet’s work highlight ...
Basic Mechanisms Underlying Seizures and Epilepsy
... Kindling model: repeated subconvulsive stimuli resulting in electrical afterdischarges • Eventually lead to stimulation-induced clinical seizures • In some cases, lead to spontaneous seizures (epilepsy) • Applicability to human epilepsy uncertain ...
... Kindling model: repeated subconvulsive stimuli resulting in electrical afterdischarges • Eventually lead to stimulation-induced clinical seizures • In some cases, lead to spontaneous seizures (epilepsy) • Applicability to human epilepsy uncertain ...
Intersegmental synchronization of spontaneous activity of dorsal
... discharges showed the highest incidence of overlapping receptive fields. However, in these studies, very little information was presented on mechanisms and/or pathways contributing to the intersegmental synchronization of the spontaneous activity of these neurons. One question that emerged from the ...
... discharges showed the highest incidence of overlapping receptive fields. However, in these studies, very little information was presented on mechanisms and/or pathways contributing to the intersegmental synchronization of the spontaneous activity of these neurons. One question that emerged from the ...
Development of emotional facial recognition in late
... The ability to interpret emotions in facial expressions is crucial for social functioning across the lifespan. Facial expression recognition develops rapidly during infancy and improves with age during the preschool years. However, the developmental trajectory from late childhood to adulthood is les ...
... The ability to interpret emotions in facial expressions is crucial for social functioning across the lifespan. Facial expression recognition develops rapidly during infancy and improves with age during the preschool years. However, the developmental trajectory from late childhood to adulthood is les ...
Visual Stimulation Regulates the Expression of Transcription Factors
... composition of the AP-1 complex is different in various physiological situations and that even closely related members of the same family may contribute to quite distinct biological phenomena (Hope et al., 1994; Kaminska et al., 1994; Kasof et al., 1995). We have learned much about AP-1 induction in ...
... composition of the AP-1 complex is different in various physiological situations and that even closely related members of the same family may contribute to quite distinct biological phenomena (Hope et al., 1994; Kaminska et al., 1994; Kasof et al., 1995). We have learned much about AP-1 induction in ...
(15 pages pdf)
... *Correspondence: [email protected] DOI 10.1016/j.neuron.2009.09.031 2Division ...
... *Correspondence: [email protected] DOI 10.1016/j.neuron.2009.09.031 2Division ...
Nap, a Novel Member of the Pentraxin Family, Promotes Neurite
... The mature CNS exhibits the capacity to alter cellular interactions as a function of the activity of specific neuronal circuits. This capacity is believed to underlie learning and memory as well as aspects of postnatal development of the brain (Shatz, 1990). Cellular mechanisms underlying activity-d ...
... The mature CNS exhibits the capacity to alter cellular interactions as a function of the activity of specific neuronal circuits. This capacity is believed to underlie learning and memory as well as aspects of postnatal development of the brain (Shatz, 1990). Cellular mechanisms underlying activity-d ...
Morphometric changes of the central nervous system of
... The cortex volume in the subesophageal ganglia also differentiated the studied groups (F2.27 = 15.81, P<0.0001). In the control group, the average cortex volume in the subesophageal ganglia was significantly higher than in both experimental groups (post-hoc). The volume of the neuropil in the subeso ...
... The cortex volume in the subesophageal ganglia also differentiated the studied groups (F2.27 = 15.81, P<0.0001). In the control group, the average cortex volume in the subesophageal ganglia was significantly higher than in both experimental groups (post-hoc). The volume of the neuropil in the subeso ...
The neural correlates of implicit and explicit sequence learning
... For instance, it has been frequently proposed that explicit— but not implicit—learning subtends intentional control (Jacoby 1991; Merikle and Reingold 1991). Based on this idea, recent studies have revealed that the degree to which sequence learning results in implicit or explicit knowledge may depe ...
... For instance, it has been frequently proposed that explicit— but not implicit—learning subtends intentional control (Jacoby 1991; Merikle and Reingold 1991). Based on this idea, recent studies have revealed that the degree to which sequence learning results in implicit or explicit knowledge may depe ...
Orexinergic Input to Dopaminergic Neurons of the Human Ventral
... profoundly influenced by an orexinergic input from the lateral hypothalamus to the VTA. Because the existence and significance of an analogous orexigenic regulatory mechanism acting in the human VTA have been elusive, here we addressed the possibility that orexinergic neurons provide direct input to ...
... profoundly influenced by an orexinergic input from the lateral hypothalamus to the VTA. Because the existence and significance of an analogous orexigenic regulatory mechanism acting in the human VTA have been elusive, here we addressed the possibility that orexinergic neurons provide direct input to ...
Saccade Target Selection in the Superior - Smith
... determine the extent to which the detailed knowledge of SC function derived from single-stimulus tasks can be generalized to situations requiring target selection. A second aim is to analyze the time course of target/distractor discrimination in SC neurons to determine whether these neurons are modu ...
... determine the extent to which the detailed knowledge of SC function derived from single-stimulus tasks can be generalized to situations requiring target selection. A second aim is to analyze the time course of target/distractor discrimination in SC neurons to determine whether these neurons are modu ...
Pearson SA, Mouihate A, Pittman QJ, Whelan PJ
... To establish that somatic motoneurons were being activated, EMGs were recorded from the TA (n ⫽ 8), quadriceps (n ⫽ 5), or TS muscles (n ⫽ 2), or in preliminary experiments ENG discharge was recorded from the CP nerve (n ⫽ 3; data not shown). These experiments used an in vitro spinal cord preparatio ...
... To establish that somatic motoneurons were being activated, EMGs were recorded from the TA (n ⫽ 8), quadriceps (n ⫽ 5), or TS muscles (n ⫽ 2), or in preliminary experiments ENG discharge was recorded from the CP nerve (n ⫽ 3; data not shown). These experiments used an in vitro spinal cord preparatio ...
NEUROTRANSMITTER SYSTEMS IN THE VISUAL CORTEX OF
... nals, because it is confined almost entirely to neurons. Immunocytochemica1 staining with an antiserum to GAD appears to be rather uniformly distributed throughout the cortical layers of the rat (112). In the monkey visual cortex, however, distinct laminar variations in GAD immunoreactivity are pre ...
... nals, because it is confined almost entirely to neurons. Immunocytochemica1 staining with an antiserum to GAD appears to be rather uniformly distributed throughout the cortical layers of the rat (112). In the monkey visual cortex, however, distinct laminar variations in GAD immunoreactivity are pre ...
hanPNAS11
... retrograde axonal tracing by injecting rhodamine-conjugated latex microspheres (LMS) into the pons of Tbr1+/+ and Tbr1−/− newborn mice. Analysis was carried out after 18–24 h of survival to allow for transport of the tracer, a time frame that is limited by the perinatal lethality of the Tbr1−/− (22) ...
... retrograde axonal tracing by injecting rhodamine-conjugated latex microspheres (LMS) into the pons of Tbr1+/+ and Tbr1−/− newborn mice. Analysis was carried out after 18–24 h of survival to allow for transport of the tracer, a time frame that is limited by the perinatal lethality of the Tbr1−/− (22) ...
On the use of cognitive maps - David Redish
... A reinforcement learning approach to animal behavior was used to develop a theory of cognitive map function. Reinforcement learning provides a theoretical framework within which the components of cognitive map function can be readily defined and explored. This approach addresses long-standing critici ...
... A reinforcement learning approach to animal behavior was used to develop a theory of cognitive map function. Reinforcement learning provides a theoretical framework within which the components of cognitive map function can be readily defined and explored. This approach addresses long-standing critici ...
Three-dimensional organization of dendrites and local axon
... i.e., the medium-sized spiny projection neurons (MSN) appear to have a much less clearly ordered geometry than the cortical pyramidal neurons. However, Walker et al. (1993) described a preferred orientation of the dendritic arbors of MSN in the primate striatum along a rostral– dorsal–medial to caud ...
... i.e., the medium-sized spiny projection neurons (MSN) appear to have a much less clearly ordered geometry than the cortical pyramidal neurons. However, Walker et al. (1993) described a preferred orientation of the dendritic arbors of MSN in the primate striatum along a rostral– dorsal–medial to caud ...
Refinement of feedforward projections, neuronal density, and
... the density and distribution of boutons in feedforward projections, which are those that originate in area 17 and extend to extrastriate areas (Callaway, 2004). By studying the distribution of synaptic zinc in the ferret visual cortex, Khalil and Levitt (2013) found evidence for a similar developmen ...
... the density and distribution of boutons in feedforward projections, which are those that originate in area 17 and extend to extrastriate areas (Callaway, 2004). By studying the distribution of synaptic zinc in the ferret visual cortex, Khalil and Levitt (2013) found evidence for a similar developmen ...
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... onto this path: Dr Larry Cauller. As my advisor on my undergraduate honors thesis he guided me through my first neuroscience experiments in his laboratory. His enthusiasm and dedication for science were inspiring and contagious even while he was battling a life threatening condition. This first expo ...
... onto this path: Dr Larry Cauller. As my advisor on my undergraduate honors thesis he guided me through my first neuroscience experiments in his laboratory. His enthusiasm and dedication for science were inspiring and contagious even while he was battling a life threatening condition. This first expo ...
Impact of correlated inputs to neurons
... 2008), we identified the interplay of several factors which might be employed in the neocortex or other brain regions to modulate output firing rates. In view of the fact that the amplitudes of compound PSPs can vary and the simultaneously measured EPSP and IPSP sizes exhibit a linear relation (Okun ...
... 2008), we identified the interplay of several factors which might be employed in the neocortex or other brain regions to modulate output firing rates. In view of the fact that the amplitudes of compound PSPs can vary and the simultaneously measured EPSP and IPSP sizes exhibit a linear relation (Okun ...
Andrea Kádár
... posterior level of the PVN. In the same antero-posterior level, no difference was observed in the density of the α-MSH- and AGRP-IR axons in the medial and compact part of the PVN. Large number of AGRP- and α-MSH-IR axon varicosities formed juxtaposition with the perikarya and dendrites of the TRH n ...
... posterior level of the PVN. In the same antero-posterior level, no difference was observed in the density of the α-MSH- and AGRP-IR axons in the medial and compact part of the PVN. Large number of AGRP- and α-MSH-IR axon varicosities formed juxtaposition with the perikarya and dendrites of the TRH n ...