How variation between individuals affects species coexistence
... to species coexistence (Booth & Grime 2003; Crutsinger et al. 2008; Fridley & Grime 2009), and reconciling these results is difficult because the ecological and/or evolutionary mechanisms underlying the effects are unknown. Thus, theory should be particularly useful to guide expectations for how hig ...
... to species coexistence (Booth & Grime 2003; Crutsinger et al. 2008; Fridley & Grime 2009), and reconciling these results is difficult because the ecological and/or evolutionary mechanisms underlying the effects are unknown. Thus, theory should be particularly useful to guide expectations for how hig ...
Interactions between organisms and the abiotic environment
... Germinating rainforest tree seedlings in Cassowary dung Tully to Mission Beach Road, Queensland C Morritt ...
... Germinating rainforest tree seedlings in Cassowary dung Tully to Mission Beach Road, Queensland C Morritt ...
Manipulating the jasmonate response: How do methyl
... plant’s defense system upon attack. However, defense-related mechanisms, such as the jasmonate response, play a more diverse role than previously appreciated. Jasmonates also regulate key mutualist relationships, leading to a suit of potential conflicting selection pressures as a single response is ...
... plant’s defense system upon attack. However, defense-related mechanisms, such as the jasmonate response, play a more diverse role than previously appreciated. Jasmonates also regulate key mutualist relationships, leading to a suit of potential conflicting selection pressures as a single response is ...
Non-target effects of insect biocontrol agents and trends in host
... in the field and left for their lifetimes, none (of 500) survived beyond the fifth instar. When individual instars were deployed for one instar period, C. concinnata parasitized 81% of the larvae in each of the first three instars. When larvae of C. promethea were deployed in groups of different siz ...
... in the field and left for their lifetimes, none (of 500) survived beyond the fifth instar. When individual instars were deployed for one instar period, C. concinnata parasitized 81% of the larvae in each of the first three instars. When larvae of C. promethea were deployed in groups of different siz ...
Protists have divergent effects on bacterial diversity along a
... To bridge the gap between simple microcosm communities and the full complexity of a natural ecosystem, we advocate an experimental microcosm approach containing constructed protist communities together with natural bacterial communities. We tested the effects of three protist predators in microcosms ...
... To bridge the gap between simple microcosm communities and the full complexity of a natural ecosystem, we advocate an experimental microcosm approach containing constructed protist communities together with natural bacterial communities. We tested the effects of three protist predators in microcosms ...
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... molecules and extrinsic protein stabilizers. Elucidation of the mechanism(s) of LDH stabilization in Petrolisthes may provide novel insight to the field of protein stabilization. These results studies suggest that individual traits may be subjected to differing levels of selection, and thus the anal ...
... molecules and extrinsic protein stabilizers. Elucidation of the mechanism(s) of LDH stabilization in Petrolisthes may provide novel insight to the field of protein stabilization. These results studies suggest that individual traits may be subjected to differing levels of selection, and thus the anal ...
ECOHAB Preface The Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful Algal Blooms
... inadequate. In recognition of this shortcoming, the Na tional Science Foundation (NSF) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) co-sponsored a work shop on the Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful Algal Blooms at the Snow Mountain Ranch Conference Center, CO from 23-28 August 19 ...
... inadequate. In recognition of this shortcoming, the Na tional Science Foundation (NSF) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) co-sponsored a work shop on the Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful Algal Blooms at the Snow Mountain Ranch Conference Center, CO from 23-28 August 19 ...
Bottom-Up and Top-Down Interactions across Aquatic
... in tidal pools experience a wider range of physical conditions (e.g., temperature, pH, salinity) than is typical for marine organisms, as they can be isolated from the ocean for periods ranging from hours to days, depending on the tidal height of the pool. Most rocky intertidal species have complex ...
... in tidal pools experience a wider range of physical conditions (e.g., temperature, pH, salinity) than is typical for marine organisms, as they can be isolated from the ocean for periods ranging from hours to days, depending on the tidal height of the pool. Most rocky intertidal species have complex ...
Genetic structure of the Daphnia longispina complex in European
... divergent lineages of Eucyclops cf. serrulatus, confirming that this taxon represents a diverse species complex. The last chapter deals with the population genetic and phylogeographic structure of D. longispina in Pyrenean lakes. The diversity in the sampled region is mostly the result of a single c ...
... divergent lineages of Eucyclops cf. serrulatus, confirming that this taxon represents a diverse species complex. The last chapter deals with the population genetic and phylogeographic structure of D. longispina in Pyrenean lakes. The diversity in the sampled region is mostly the result of a single c ...
Ecology of Thrips
... by species of Thripinema is widespread. Groups of natural enemies other than Orius and Thripinema undoubtedly play an important role in the population dynamics of thrips. Overall, population turnover, colonization, and the spatial structure among local populations of thrips has received little detai ...
... by species of Thripinema is widespread. Groups of natural enemies other than Orius and Thripinema undoubtedly play an important role in the population dynamics of thrips. Overall, population turnover, colonization, and the spatial structure among local populations of thrips has received little detai ...
Ecosystem Services: From Biodiversity to Society, Part 1
... and more established fields related to ecosystem processes (EP) or functioning (EF), through a rebadging of more traditional EP and EF research under the ES moniker, as well as “genuine” new ES research. The idea that ecosystems provide things of value to humans is hardly new, but the formalisation ...
... and more established fields related to ecosystem processes (EP) or functioning (EF), through a rebadging of more traditional EP and EF research under the ES moniker, as well as “genuine” new ES research. The idea that ecosystems provide things of value to humans is hardly new, but the formalisation ...
Species interactions and energy transfer in aquatic food webs
... sequences of dietary items may be modified or partly broken by the time they are measured in a consumer gut (King et al. 2008, Thomas et al. 2014), and similarly the isotope ratio measured in a consumer’s tissue may not have the same isotope composition of the initial dietary component (DeNiro & Eps ...
... sequences of dietary items may be modified or partly broken by the time they are measured in a consumer gut (King et al. 2008, Thomas et al. 2014), and similarly the isotope ratio measured in a consumer’s tissue may not have the same isotope composition of the initial dietary component (DeNiro & Eps ...
Trophic ecology of meiofauna: Francisco J.A. Nascimento
... greater quantity than previously. Paper I found that meiofauna can feed on settled cyanobacteria at rates similar to what other studies have found for diatoms, yet suffer no apparent increase in mortality. However, growth of meiofauna is significantly slower on a diet of cyanobacteria than when fed ...
... greater quantity than previously. Paper I found that meiofauna can feed on settled cyanobacteria at rates similar to what other studies have found for diatoms, yet suffer no apparent increase in mortality. However, growth of meiofauna is significantly slower on a diet of cyanobacteria than when fed ...
1 - The Many Roads to Parasitism: A Tale of Convergence
... certain circumstances, breaks down in many cases, such as ‘mesoparasitic’ copepods that are partially embedded in host tissues but still exposed to the external aquatic habitat (Boxshall and Halsey, 2004). Parasites are also sometimes classified based on their life cycle patterns, for example, paras ...
... certain circumstances, breaks down in many cases, such as ‘mesoparasitic’ copepods that are partially embedded in host tissues but still exposed to the external aquatic habitat (Boxshall and Halsey, 2004). Parasites are also sometimes classified based on their life cycle patterns, for example, paras ...
Models of Extinction
... of the Rhaetian stage at the end of the Triassic. In actual fact the late Triassic event killed only about half as many families as the end-Cretaceous. In order to minimize effects such as these, it has become common in studies of extinction to examine not only extinction rates (taxa becoming extinc ...
... of the Rhaetian stage at the end of the Triassic. In actual fact the late Triassic event killed only about half as many families as the end-Cretaceous. In order to minimize effects such as these, it has become common in studies of extinction to examine not only extinction rates (taxa becoming extinc ...
Models of Extinction: A Review
... of the Rhaetian stage at the end of the Triassic. In actual fact the late Triassic event killed only about half as many families as the end-Cretaceous. In order to minimize effects such as these, it has become common in studies of extinction to examine not only extinction rates (taxa becoming extinc ...
... of the Rhaetian stage at the end of the Triassic. In actual fact the late Triassic event killed only about half as many families as the end-Cretaceous. In order to minimize effects such as these, it has become common in studies of extinction to examine not only extinction rates (taxa becoming extinc ...
Conference program and abstracts. International - CITA-A
... interwoven with that of ecology and evolutionary biology. Traditionally viewed as the study of geographic distributions, modern biogeography now explores a great diversity of patterns in the geographic variation of nature — from physiological, morphological and genetic variation among individuals an ...
... interwoven with that of ecology and evolutionary biology. Traditionally viewed as the study of geographic distributions, modern biogeography now explores a great diversity of patterns in the geographic variation of nature — from physiological, morphological and genetic variation among individuals an ...
Fungal endophytes limit pathogen damage in a tropical tree
... related to pathogens (14) and evidence for defensive mutualism with regard to herbivores or abiotic stress is rare (27). Therefore, it is generally thought that endophytes associated with leaves of woody angiosperms are unlikely to play protective or mutualistic roles with regard to the host plants ...
... related to pathogens (14) and evidence for defensive mutualism with regard to herbivores or abiotic stress is rare (27). Therefore, it is generally thought that endophytes associated with leaves of woody angiosperms are unlikely to play protective or mutualistic roles with regard to the host plants ...
Ecosystem context and historical contingency in apex predator
... (17). Indeed, this finding almost certainly generalizes that apex predator recoveries often will be slower than those of lower-trophic level species simply because of a disparity in life history strategies. Such slower recovery times require setting appropriate expectations for the time scale of suc ...
... (17). Indeed, this finding almost certainly generalizes that apex predator recoveries often will be slower than those of lower-trophic level species simply because of a disparity in life history strategies. Such slower recovery times require setting appropriate expectations for the time scale of suc ...
Assessment of environmental management effects in a shallow
... are still subject of debate (e.g. Duarte, 1995). Algal harvesting removes a source of organic carbon and nutrients from the system, reducing the likelihood of future anoxic conditions in the basin (Lenzi and Mattei, 1998; Lavery et al., 1999). In the long-term, such management activities can facilit ...
... are still subject of debate (e.g. Duarte, 1995). Algal harvesting removes a source of organic carbon and nutrients from the system, reducing the likelihood of future anoxic conditions in the basin (Lenzi and Mattei, 1998; Lavery et al., 1999). In the long-term, such management activities can facilit ...
secondary succession
... Succession: a brief history • Walker and Chapin (1987) expanded the notion of succession as a temporal gradient in the importance of various interspecific interactions and other events • During colonization, maturation and senescence the importance of seed dispersal, availability of propagules on t ...
... Succession: a brief history • Walker and Chapin (1987) expanded the notion of succession as a temporal gradient in the importance of various interspecific interactions and other events • During colonization, maturation and senescence the importance of seed dispersal, availability of propagules on t ...
Linking fungal communities to wood density loss after 12 years of
... Between 28 and 50% of the original wood biomass remained, depending on the fungal community composition in the log, operational taxonomic unit (OTU) richness had only a minor effect on the log biomass. Although the communities were OTU rich (190–340 OTUs per log), the majority of OTUs were infrequen ...
... Between 28 and 50% of the original wood biomass remained, depending on the fungal community composition in the log, operational taxonomic unit (OTU) richness had only a minor effect on the log biomass. Although the communities were OTU rich (190–340 OTUs per log), the majority of OTUs were infrequen ...
Environmental Science Chapter 8 Revision
... 50. The diagrams above show four different types of interactions between species. An arrow pointing from one organism to another means that the first organism has an effect on the second organism. Label each diagram with the correct type of interaction. 51. The cardon and organ-pipe are flowering c ...
... 50. The diagrams above show four different types of interactions between species. An arrow pointing from one organism to another means that the first organism has an effect on the second organism. Label each diagram with the correct type of interaction. 51. The cardon and organ-pipe are flowering c ...
Goyder Institute for Water Research Technical Report Series No. 15/45
... 3) describe how fish communities vary spatially and temporally within the basin. Using the findings from these models we modified an existing and proven condition assessment methodology (the biological condition gradient or BCG) to create a transferable and adaptive trait-based condition assessment ...
... 3) describe how fish communities vary spatially and temporally within the basin. Using the findings from these models we modified an existing and proven condition assessment methodology (the biological condition gradient or BCG) to create a transferable and adaptive trait-based condition assessment ...
ESA 2010 handbook - Ecological Society of Australia
... Professor Hal Mooney is the Paul S Achilles Professor of Environmental Biology at Stanford University in the USA. He received his PhD from Duke University. He served as President of the Ecological Society of America, President of the American Institute of Biological Science, and Secretary General of ...
... Professor Hal Mooney is the Paul S Achilles Professor of Environmental Biology at Stanford University in the USA. He received his PhD from Duke University. He served as President of the Ecological Society of America, President of the American Institute of Biological Science, and Secretary General of ...
Ecological fitting
Ecological fitting is ""the process whereby organisms colonize and persist in novel environments, use novel resources or form novel associations with other species as a result of the suites of traits that they carry at the time they encounter the novel condition.” It can be understood as a situation in which a species' interactions with its biotic and abiotic environment seem to indicate a history of coevolution, when in actuality the relevant traits evolved in response to a different set of biotic and abiotic conditions. The simplest form of ecological fitting is resource tracking, in which an organism continues to exploit the same resources, but in a new host or environment. In this framework, the organism occupies a multidimensional operative environment defined by the conditions in which it can persist, similar to the idea of the Hutchinsonian niche. In this case, a species can colonize new environments (e.g. an area with the same temperature and water regime) and/or form new species interactions (e.g. a parasite infecting a new host) which can lead to the misinterpretation of the relationship as coevolution, although the organism has not evolved and is continuing to exploit the same resources it always has. The more strict definition of ecological fitting requires that a species encounter an environment or host outside of its original operative environment and obtain realized fitness based on traits developed in previous environments that are now co-opted for a new purpose. This strict form of ecological fitting can also be expressed either as colonization of new habitat or the formation of new species interactions.