An overview of reservoir computing: theory, applications and
... to construct reservoirs with a given desired dynamic ‘regime’ - an issue made even harder due to the dynamic properties of even simple spiking neurons (e.g. refractoriness). In [36] it was shown that when no prior knowledge of the problem at had is given, it is best to create the reservoir with a un ...
... to construct reservoirs with a given desired dynamic ‘regime’ - an issue made even harder due to the dynamic properties of even simple spiking neurons (e.g. refractoriness). In [36] it was shown that when no prior knowledge of the problem at had is given, it is best to create the reservoir with a un ...
Stimulation of Medial Prefrontal Cortex Decreases
... a large range of BLA stimulation intensities (up to 1.5 mA) to test the robustness of mPFC inhibitory effects. As in rat experiments, brainstem stimulating electrodes were positioned just dorsal to the substantia nigra and the mPFC electrodes at the border between IL and the prelimbic area. The proc ...
... a large range of BLA stimulation intensities (up to 1.5 mA) to test the robustness of mPFC inhibitory effects. As in rat experiments, brainstem stimulating electrodes were positioned just dorsal to the substantia nigra and the mPFC electrodes at the border between IL and the prelimbic area. The proc ...
Fast Propagation of Firing Rates through Layered Networks of Noisy
... mean, or bias, current raises the average membrane potential and makes the transmission of rate changes more rapid and more sensitive as on average neurons are brought closer to threshold. The SD, or noise component, of the current prevents synchronization by ensuring that each neuron is in a differ ...
... mean, or bias, current raises the average membrane potential and makes the transmission of rate changes more rapid and more sensitive as on average neurons are brought closer to threshold. The SD, or noise component, of the current prevents synchronization by ensuring that each neuron is in a differ ...
Spike-Wave Complexes and Fast Components of Cortically
... neocortical areas involved in seizure, did not express strongly synchronized fast runs. 2) Both RE and TC cells were hyperpolarized during seizure episodes with SW/PSW complexes and relatively depolarized during the fast runs. As known, hyperpolarization of thalamic neurons deinactivates a low-thres ...
... neocortical areas involved in seizure, did not express strongly synchronized fast runs. 2) Both RE and TC cells were hyperpolarized during seizure episodes with SW/PSW complexes and relatively depolarized during the fast runs. As known, hyperpolarization of thalamic neurons deinactivates a low-thres ...
Neuronal calcium-binding proteins 1/2 localize to dorsal root ganglia
... adenosine A2A receptor (22). Furthermore, an interaction between NECAB2 and metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) was demonstrated in rat hippocampal pyramidal cells, possibly regulating mGluR5’s coupling to its signaling machinery (26). Significance Calcium-binding proteins (CaBPs) are key det ...
... adenosine A2A receptor (22). Furthermore, an interaction between NECAB2 and metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) was demonstrated in rat hippocampal pyramidal cells, possibly regulating mGluR5’s coupling to its signaling machinery (26). Significance Calcium-binding proteins (CaBPs) are key det ...
Nerve Growth Factor and Alzheimer`s Disease
... for the treatment of Alzheimer’s diseases. 2.2 Peripheral neuritis: Diabetes complicated by peripheral neuritis in many cases. Diabetes has been studied in details using the I-type model. In this model, decrease of NGF level of peripheral tissues is found in parallel with the decrease of the motor n ...
... for the treatment of Alzheimer’s diseases. 2.2 Peripheral neuritis: Diabetes complicated by peripheral neuritis in many cases. Diabetes has been studied in details using the I-type model. In this model, decrease of NGF level of peripheral tissues is found in parallel with the decrease of the motor n ...
T3 Final Paper - Drew University
... The primary purpose of this research was to contribute to ongoing behavioral and electrophysiological research examining the role of the olfactory tubercle (OT) in odor object representation in rodents. Three experiments were conducted. First, procedures for establishing a successive-cue go/no-go od ...
... The primary purpose of this research was to contribute to ongoing behavioral and electrophysiological research examining the role of the olfactory tubercle (OT) in odor object representation in rodents. Three experiments were conducted. First, procedures for establishing a successive-cue go/no-go od ...
Control of Wake and Sleep States
... thalamus through CT projections. They consist of prolonged depolarizations associated with extracellular gamma activity (up) separated by prolonged hyperpolarizations (down states) when most cortical neurons are silent. Up State is caused by excitatory glutamatergic synaptic input. ...
... thalamus through CT projections. They consist of prolonged depolarizations associated with extracellular gamma activity (up) separated by prolonged hyperpolarizations (down states) when most cortical neurons are silent. Up State is caused by excitatory glutamatergic synaptic input. ...
Impaired odour discrimination on desynchronization of odour
... that odour encoding involves, as it does in locusts, the oscillatory synchronization of assemblies of projection neurons and that this synchronization is also selectively abolished by picrotoxin, an antagonist of the GABAA (g-aminobutyric acid) receptor. By using a behavioural learning paradigm, we ...
... that odour encoding involves, as it does in locusts, the oscillatory synchronization of assemblies of projection neurons and that this synchronization is also selectively abolished by picrotoxin, an antagonist of the GABAA (g-aminobutyric acid) receptor. By using a behavioural learning paradigm, we ...
Differential effects of nicotine on the activity of substantia nigra and
... monitored over a minimum period of 20 min. Measurements were made from periods in which the firing rate had stabilized, and from equivalent numbers of spikes in pre- and post-nicotine epochs. Regular firing was characterized by CV values <10%, while irregular firing was defined by CV values >10%. Fo ...
... monitored over a minimum period of 20 min. Measurements were made from periods in which the firing rate had stabilized, and from equivalent numbers of spikes in pre- and post-nicotine epochs. Regular firing was characterized by CV values <10%, while irregular firing was defined by CV values >10%. Fo ...
TESIS DOCTORAL Dynamics and Synchronization in Neuronal Models
... meshwork. Using a histological staining technique, Cajal could resolve in detail the structure and concluded that the nervous system was composed of individual neurons rather than a continuum. For this discovery, Cajal was awarded with the 1906 Nobel Price in Medicine. Nowadays, neuroscience is a br ...
... meshwork. Using a histological staining technique, Cajal could resolve in detail the structure and concluded that the nervous system was composed of individual neurons rather than a continuum. For this discovery, Cajal was awarded with the 1906 Nobel Price in Medicine. Nowadays, neuroscience is a br ...
Energy balance
... Now, back to caffeine. • Caffeine binds to the receptors for adenosine, but has no effect on the receptors. • When caffeine is bound, adenosine can’t bind. Adenosine Caffeine ...
... Now, back to caffeine. • Caffeine binds to the receptors for adenosine, but has no effect on the receptors. • When caffeine is bound, adenosine can’t bind. Adenosine Caffeine ...
Hypothalamus and Limbic System
... Temperature regulation is an excellent example of a servo-control mechanism operating in the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus is sensitive both to hypothalamic and peripheral temperature, and it mediates changes in autonomic, endocrine and behavioral responses in order to maintain homeostasis. Feeding ...
... Temperature regulation is an excellent example of a servo-control mechanism operating in the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus is sensitive both to hypothalamic and peripheral temperature, and it mediates changes in autonomic, endocrine and behavioral responses in order to maintain homeostasis. Feeding ...
neural circuitry approaches to understanding the pathophysiology
... David A. Lewis: University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania ...
... David A. Lewis: University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania ...
Chapter 7 Body Systems
... several knobs being activated simultaneously and stimulating different locations on the postsynaptic membrane, producing an action potential ...
... several knobs being activated simultaneously and stimulating different locations on the postsynaptic membrane, producing an action potential ...
Electrical Stimulation of the Horizontal Limb of the Diagonal Band
... aPC. All stimulation currents were delivered by a constant current stimulus isolation unit (Grass Instruments) controlled by a Grass Instrument stimulator. Stimulation currents for the LOT and pPC electrodes were adjusted to approximately two times threshold ([SIM]0.3 ms pulses at 100 –300 mA). Afte ...
... aPC. All stimulation currents were delivered by a constant current stimulus isolation unit (Grass Instruments) controlled by a Grass Instrument stimulator. Stimulation currents for the LOT and pPC electrodes were adjusted to approximately two times threshold ([SIM]0.3 ms pulses at 100 –300 mA). Afte ...
Neuronal Activity and Ion Homeostasis in the Hypoxic Brain
... that relate the wave form, propagation velocity, and triggering threshold to four physiological parameters: the diffusion constant, the release rate and removal rate of potassium and/or glutamate and the concentration threshold above which neurons are excited. ...
... that relate the wave form, propagation velocity, and triggering threshold to four physiological parameters: the diffusion constant, the release rate and removal rate of potassium and/or glutamate and the concentration threshold above which neurons are excited. ...
The Role of NMDA and Non-NMDA Excitatory Amino Acid
... potential (measured through the recording barrel of the multibarrel microelectrode) to 10 times threshold. Responses to these shocks were recorded as a local field potential, as evoked spikes of the STT neuron, and as a cord dorsum potential recorded with a 1 mm square platinum plate electrode place ...
... potential (measured through the recording barrel of the multibarrel microelectrode) to 10 times threshold. Responses to these shocks were recorded as a local field potential, as evoked spikes of the STT neuron, and as a cord dorsum potential recorded with a 1 mm square platinum plate electrode place ...
Mesodermal and neuronal retinoids regulate the induction and
... have been stymied by the early lethality of Raldh2 null embryos prior to motor neuron generation (Niederreither et al., 1999). A recent study where Raldh2 expression was genetically ablated in forelimb spinal motor neurons led to a decrease of forelimb LMCl neurons, supporting the idea that motor ne ...
... have been stymied by the early lethality of Raldh2 null embryos prior to motor neuron generation (Niederreither et al., 1999). A recent study where Raldh2 expression was genetically ablated in forelimb spinal motor neurons led to a decrease of forelimb LMCl neurons, supporting the idea that motor ne ...
Morphological and F`unctional Identifications of Catfish Retinal
... but equal to a constant, unmodulated DC value). This indicates that there is interaction between the two receptive-field components (as excited by the spot and annulus stimuli) but that this interaction takes place only for DC or very low frequencies. ...
... but equal to a constant, unmodulated DC value). This indicates that there is interaction between the two receptive-field components (as excited by the spot and annulus stimuli) but that this interaction takes place only for DC or very low frequencies. ...
Hypothalamus - aHuman Project
... TRPV4 knock-out mice drink significantly more when infused with ADH-analogue dDAVP (i.e. when water retention is increased, which should result in decreased water intake) than wildtype mice. ...
... TRPV4 knock-out mice drink significantly more when infused with ADH-analogue dDAVP (i.e. when water retention is increased, which should result in decreased water intake) than wildtype mice. ...
Olfactory Coding in the Honeybee Lateral Horn
... including floral and pheromonal compounds, and that neural activity evoked by these odorants reflects an odor-specific code as they elicit different spatial activity maps. Comparison of the coding principles between AL and LH shows a strong conservation of response intensity and odor-similarity rela ...
... including floral and pheromonal compounds, and that neural activity evoked by these odorants reflects an odor-specific code as they elicit different spatial activity maps. Comparison of the coding principles between AL and LH shows a strong conservation of response intensity and odor-similarity rela ...
Hypocretin-2-Saporin Lesions of the Lateral Hypothalamus Produce
... determine whether there was a change in the amplitude of the diurnal rhythm of sleep, the ratio of sleep during the light-on period versus the light-off period was calculated (Table 1). ␦ power (0.5– 4 Hz) was calculated using the ICELUS software system (M. Opp, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, M ...
... determine whether there was a change in the amplitude of the diurnal rhythm of sleep, the ratio of sleep during the light-on period versus the light-off period was calculated (Table 1). ␦ power (0.5– 4 Hz) was calculated using the ICELUS software system (M. Opp, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, M ...