Distinct Representations and Theta Dynamics in Dorsal and Ventral
... two parameters that allowed for the best separation between the two putative anatomical groups in the ventral CA3 region were firing rate and behavior-related firing pattern. Cells with a mean firing rate ⬎10 Hz per session and with firing field ⬎5 Hz/per pixel, covering ⬎80% of the maze area, were ...
... two parameters that allowed for the best separation between the two putative anatomical groups in the ventral CA3 region were firing rate and behavior-related firing pattern. Cells with a mean firing rate ⬎10 Hz per session and with firing field ⬎5 Hz/per pixel, covering ⬎80% of the maze area, were ...
The rhinal cortices: a wall of inhibition between the
... The failure to detect propagation of neuronal activity across the rhinal fissure with laminar field potential analysis could be due to technical limitations, since this method does not reveal evoked activity unless it is laminarly segregated. However, two additional lines of evidence suggest that pr ...
... The failure to detect propagation of neuronal activity across the rhinal fissure with laminar field potential analysis could be due to technical limitations, since this method does not reveal evoked activity unless it is laminarly segregated. However, two additional lines of evidence suggest that pr ...
Synaptic Integration of Olfactory Information in Mouse Anterior
... Methyl valerate, propyl acetate, menthone, ethyl vinyl ketone, methyl pyrrolyl ketone, (⫺)-limonene response profiles of AON neurons, in vivo Mixture 7 extracellular and intracellular recordings revealed that most mitral cells were activated bridge Electronic Design, Cambridge, UK). The same procedu ...
... Methyl valerate, propyl acetate, menthone, ethyl vinyl ketone, methyl pyrrolyl ketone, (⫺)-limonene response profiles of AON neurons, in vivo Mixture 7 extracellular and intracellular recordings revealed that most mitral cells were activated bridge Electronic Design, Cambridge, UK). The same procedu ...
Artificial neural networks and their application in biological and
... of this method for biological research is necessary and very promising (Tyystjärvi et al. 1999). Earlier ANN models Each individual neuron in the nervous system works independently, but as part of a network it transmits information obtained from prior neurons to further ones. In the case of artifici ...
... of this method for biological research is necessary and very promising (Tyystjärvi et al. 1999). Earlier ANN models Each individual neuron in the nervous system works independently, but as part of a network it transmits information obtained from prior neurons to further ones. In the case of artifici ...
Morphology and Physiology of the Cerebellar Vestibulolateral Lobe
... prevailing views derived from mammalian species have centered around either intrinsic changes within the cerebellum (Raymond and Lisberger 1998) through the mechanisms of long-term depression and potentiation (Boyden et al. 2004; Ito 1989) or, in more recent years, multiple plasticity mechanisms/ si ...
... prevailing views derived from mammalian species have centered around either intrinsic changes within the cerebellum (Raymond and Lisberger 1998) through the mechanisms of long-term depression and potentiation (Boyden et al. 2004; Ito 1989) or, in more recent years, multiple plasticity mechanisms/ si ...
Neural circuit rewiring: insights from DD synapse remodeling
... absence of axon growth was described in the mammalian central nervous system, where imaging of individual axonal arbors of retinal ganglion cells showed that retinogeniculate synapse remodeling can occur without axon retraction.33 Four decades after John White’s seminal work, we have learned a great ...
... absence of axon growth was described in the mammalian central nervous system, where imaging of individual axonal arbors of retinal ganglion cells showed that retinogeniculate synapse remodeling can occur without axon retraction.33 Four decades after John White’s seminal work, we have learned a great ...
The beginning of connectomics: a commentary on White
... devised for aligning the electron micrographs and transferring the aligned images onto a filmstrip so that they could be back-projected one by one onto the tablet for tracing the cell outlines. By putting these outlines together through the stack of images, a three-dimensional reconstruction of the ...
... devised for aligning the electron micrographs and transferring the aligned images onto a filmstrip so that they could be back-projected one by one onto the tablet for tracing the cell outlines. By putting these outlines together through the stack of images, a three-dimensional reconstruction of the ...
Cortical projections to the nucleus of the optic tract and dorsal
... projections to NOT-DTN and DLPN and whether the same individual neurons provide input to both targets. In addition, we investigated whether there are other cortical areas providing input to both NOT-DTN and DLPN. ...
... projections to NOT-DTN and DLPN and whether the same individual neurons provide input to both targets. In addition, we investigated whether there are other cortical areas providing input to both NOT-DTN and DLPN. ...
Reinforcement, and Punishment Striatal Mechanisms Underlying
... Sports matches often end with a similar sight. The winning team runs around the field, pumps their fists, and jumps on top of one another. In contrast, the losing team kneels or lies on the ground, sits on the bench, or walks slowly off the field. In terms of motor output, the winning team can be de ...
... Sports matches often end with a similar sight. The winning team runs around the field, pumps their fists, and jumps on top of one another. In contrast, the losing team kneels or lies on the ground, sits on the bench, or walks slowly off the field. In terms of motor output, the winning team can be de ...
Introduction
... protein synthesis. Consistent with this requirement, we found that Apaf-1 was markedly induced in neurons undergoing apoptosis with DNA damage (Fig. 3A). Our results identify an important function of p53 in the development of competence, as p53-deficient neurons failed to induce Apaf-1 after DNA dam ...
... protein synthesis. Consistent with this requirement, we found that Apaf-1 was markedly induced in neurons undergoing apoptosis with DNA damage (Fig. 3A). Our results identify an important function of p53 in the development of competence, as p53-deficient neurons failed to induce Apaf-1 after DNA dam ...
An overview of reservoir computing: theory, applications and
... to construct reservoirs with a given desired dynamic ‘regime’ - an issue made even harder due to the dynamic properties of even simple spiking neurons (e.g. refractoriness). In [36] it was shown that when no prior knowledge of the problem at had is given, it is best to create the reservoir with a un ...
... to construct reservoirs with a given desired dynamic ‘regime’ - an issue made even harder due to the dynamic properties of even simple spiking neurons (e.g. refractoriness). In [36] it was shown that when no prior knowledge of the problem at had is given, it is best to create the reservoir with a un ...
Noise in Neurons and Other Constraints
... systems level is essential for biomedical brain research, as minor variations in properties of a neurons individual component, can have large, pathological effects on the physiology of the whole nervous system and the behaviour it generates. This approach is very complex and requires us to discuss c ...
... systems level is essential for biomedical brain research, as minor variations in properties of a neurons individual component, can have large, pathological effects on the physiology of the whole nervous system and the behaviour it generates. This approach is very complex and requires us to discuss c ...
Ensemble Patterns of Hippocampal CA3
... indicated that, on average, local ripples developed and peaked at the same time, individual events could be “initiated” from any location. Thus, no particular recording site systematically “lead” the ripple event. Local ripples were correlated with single unit activity derived from the same electrod ...
... indicated that, on average, local ripples developed and peaked at the same time, individual events could be “initiated” from any location. Thus, no particular recording site systematically “lead” the ripple event. Local ripples were correlated with single unit activity derived from the same electrod ...
Negatively-Correlated Firing - Department of Computer Science
... lation. There is, however, another way to accelerate the central limit effect, and this is to have a noise component that is negatively-correlated. It can be seen in figure 1 that negatively-correlated noise cancels out much more quickly and effectively than independent noise, because corresponding ...
... lation. There is, however, another way to accelerate the central limit effect, and this is to have a noise component that is negatively-correlated. It can be seen in figure 1 that negatively-correlated noise cancels out much more quickly and effectively than independent noise, because corresponding ...
invariant face and object recognition in the visual system
... many of the neurons whose responses reflect face identity have responses that are relatively invariant with respect to size and contrast (Rolls and Baylis, 1986); spatial frequency (Rolls et al., 1985, Rolls et al., 1987); and retinal translation, i.e. position in the visual field (Tovee et al., 199 ...
... many of the neurons whose responses reflect face identity have responses that are relatively invariant with respect to size and contrast (Rolls and Baylis, 1986); spatial frequency (Rolls et al., 1985, Rolls et al., 1987); and retinal translation, i.e. position in the visual field (Tovee et al., 199 ...
Temporal and spatial alterations in GPi neuronal encoding might
... mean firing rate of the neuron over the recording period (Baker & Gerstein, 2001). The mean firing rate of the neuron across n trials (n > 15), and aligned on the corresponding stimulus, was then calculated, to give a smoothed version of the standard peri-event time histogram (PETH) (Baker & Gerstein, ...
... mean firing rate of the neuron over the recording period (Baker & Gerstein, 2001). The mean firing rate of the neuron across n trials (n > 15), and aligned on the corresponding stimulus, was then calculated, to give a smoothed version of the standard peri-event time histogram (PETH) (Baker & Gerstein, ...
Direction of action is represented in the ventral premotor cortex
... highly and positively correlated with its preferred direction during the execution period (Fig. 5b). One neuron in the PMv displayed a striking inverse relationship between the preferred directions of activity during the execution and instruction periods (asterisk, Fig. 5b). Taken together, these re ...
... highly and positively correlated with its preferred direction during the execution period (Fig. 5b). One neuron in the PMv displayed a striking inverse relationship between the preferred directions of activity during the execution and instruction periods (asterisk, Fig. 5b). Taken together, these re ...
The role of temporal parameters in a thalamocortical model of analogy
... about the anatomical connectivity and physiology of the cortical maps than decades ago, such as layout of visual areas [1], [2] and long-range horizontal connectivity [3], [4], we still lack the understanding of how these maps work as an integrated system to give rise to a coherent behavior. One key ...
... about the anatomical connectivity and physiology of the cortical maps than decades ago, such as layout of visual areas [1], [2] and long-range horizontal connectivity [3], [4], we still lack the understanding of how these maps work as an integrated system to give rise to a coherent behavior. One key ...
A Biosensor Based on Immobilization of Horseradish Peroxidase in Chitosan Matrix Cross-linked with Glyoxal for Amperometric Determination of Hydrogen Peroxide
... the viscous solution was stirred at 250 rpm for 3 h at room temperature. Glassy carbon electrodes were polished on a leather kit before each experiment with alumina slurry, rinsed thoroughly with doubly distilled water, then washed successively with acetone and doubly distilled water in ultrasonic b ...
... the viscous solution was stirred at 250 rpm for 3 h at room temperature. Glassy carbon electrodes were polished on a leather kit before each experiment with alumina slurry, rinsed thoroughly with doubly distilled water, then washed successively with acetone and doubly distilled water in ultrasonic b ...
final scientific program
... of large populations of neurons gives rise to the higher order functions of the brain including learning, memory, cognition, perception, action and ultimately conscious awareness. Electrophysiological recordings in behaving animals over the past forty years have revealed considerable information abo ...
... of large populations of neurons gives rise to the higher order functions of the brain including learning, memory, cognition, perception, action and ultimately conscious awareness. Electrophysiological recordings in behaving animals over the past forty years have revealed considerable information abo ...
Ch. 13 Nervous System Cells Textbook
... capillaries. Small molecules (e.g., oxygen, carbon dioxide, water, alcohol) diffuse rapidly through the barrier to reach brain neurons and other glia. Larger molecules penetrate it slowly or not at all (Box 12-1). More recent findings suggest that astrocytes may not only influence the growth of neur ...
... capillaries. Small molecules (e.g., oxygen, carbon dioxide, water, alcohol) diffuse rapidly through the barrier to reach brain neurons and other glia. Larger molecules penetrate it slowly or not at all (Box 12-1). More recent findings suggest that astrocytes may not only influence the growth of neur ...
Diversity of reporter expression patterns in transgenic mouse lines
... Validation of the anti-CRH serum and expression mice pattern of the peptide in adult mouse Because of the crucial role of hypothalamic CRH in We employed here the antihuman/rat CRH serum initiating the neuroendocrine response to stress, we fo(rC68) created by Dr. Wylie Vale (31). This antiserum has ...
... Validation of the anti-CRH serum and expression mice pattern of the peptide in adult mouse Because of the crucial role of hypothalamic CRH in We employed here the antihuman/rat CRH serum initiating the neuroendocrine response to stress, we fo(rC68) created by Dr. Wylie Vale (31). This antiserum has ...
Genetic Diversity of Principal Neurons in the Hippocampus
... Since neurons and their processes are densely packed in the nervous system, little information about individual neurons can be obtained if all of them are labeled. This has led to efforts to analyze smaller subsets of neuronal populations. The first successful method was discovered by Camillo Golgi ...
... Since neurons and their processes are densely packed in the nervous system, little information about individual neurons can be obtained if all of them are labeled. This has led to efforts to analyze smaller subsets of neuronal populations. The first successful method was discovered by Camillo Golgi ...