Comparison of Primate Prefrontal and Inferior Temporal
... were created by linear combinations of these vectors added to that prototype. For more information see http://www.ai.mit.edu/projects/cbcl/ morph. By morphing different amounts of the prototypes we could generate thousands of Figure 1. Organization of stimulus set. A, The 6 prototype images and 15 m ...
... were created by linear combinations of these vectors added to that prototype. For more information see http://www.ai.mit.edu/projects/cbcl/ morph. By morphing different amounts of the prototypes we could generate thousands of Figure 1. Organization of stimulus set. A, The 6 prototype images and 15 m ...
Electroencephalography - Department of Computational and
... potentials that the EEG records from the scalp, much the same way that economics can be studied from the level of a single individual's personal finances to the macro-economics of nations. Neurons, or nerve cells, are electrically active cells that are primarily responsible for carrying out the brai ...
... potentials that the EEG records from the scalp, much the same way that economics can be studied from the level of a single individual's personal finances to the macro-economics of nations. Neurons, or nerve cells, are electrically active cells that are primarily responsible for carrying out the brai ...
Differential Characteristics of Face Neuron Responses Within the
... The monkeys were trained to perform a version of a sequential delayed matching-to-sample task that requires the identification of a face (I-DMS task; Fig. 1A); this behavioral task was the same as that described in our preceding paper (Eifuku et al. 2004). In the I-DMS task, a sample (480 ms) stimul ...
... The monkeys were trained to perform a version of a sequential delayed matching-to-sample task that requires the identification of a face (I-DMS task; Fig. 1A); this behavioral task was the same as that described in our preceding paper (Eifuku et al. 2004). In the I-DMS task, a sample (480 ms) stimul ...
Non-reward neural mechanisms in the orbitofrontal cortex
... humans, patients with ventral frontal lesions made more errors in the reversal (or in a similar extinction) task, and completed fewer reversals, than control patients with damage elsewhere in the frontal lobes or in other brain regions (Rolls, Hornak, Wade, & McGrath, 1994), and continued to respond ...
... humans, patients with ventral frontal lesions made more errors in the reversal (or in a similar extinction) task, and completed fewer reversals, than control patients with damage elsewhere in the frontal lobes or in other brain regions (Rolls, Hornak, Wade, & McGrath, 1994), and continued to respond ...
University of Groningen Gustatory neural processing in the
... range of taste sensation 106. Moreover, molecules that elicit similar verbal reports of taste from humans or neural activity in gustatory afferent nerves often bear little chemical relation to one another. For example, many mono- and disaccharides taste sweet to humans. Not all sugars however, taste ...
... range of taste sensation 106. Moreover, molecules that elicit similar verbal reports of taste from humans or neural activity in gustatory afferent nerves often bear little chemical relation to one another. For example, many mono- and disaccharides taste sweet to humans. Not all sugars however, taste ...
Serotonin Modulates Developmental Microglia
... microglial marker Iba1 at P6. Serotonergic axons close to microglia could be observed everywhere in the brain and at various ages (data not shown). For the quantitative analysis, we focused on dLGN in the thalamus, in which axons from RGCs form synaptic connections with relay neurons in order to est ...
... microglial marker Iba1 at P6. Serotonergic axons close to microglia could be observed everywhere in the brain and at various ages (data not shown). For the quantitative analysis, we focused on dLGN in the thalamus, in which axons from RGCs form synaptic connections with relay neurons in order to est ...
Disruption of experience-dependent synaptic modifications in striate
... and briskly in every trial. Neurons in RQ category 2 show some response variability from trial to trial, but their receptive fields are still easily defined with hand mapping. Cells assigned to RQ category 1 respond only sluggishly to light, do not respond in every trial, and often require computer ...
... and briskly in every trial. Neurons in RQ category 2 show some response variability from trial to trial, but their receptive fields are still easily defined with hand mapping. Cells assigned to RQ category 1 respond only sluggishly to light, do not respond in every trial, and often require computer ...
Saccades and multisaccadic gaze shifts are gated by different
... the OPN exhibited the same saccade-related behaviour as seen during scanning movements: it stopped during saccades and usually resumed before the saccade ended. As can be seen in Fig. 2B, the presence of a postsaccadic drift after the last saccade in the sequence did not delay the resumption of acti ...
... the OPN exhibited the same saccade-related behaviour as seen during scanning movements: it stopped during saccades and usually resumed before the saccade ended. As can be seen in Fig. 2B, the presence of a postsaccadic drift after the last saccade in the sequence did not delay the resumption of acti ...
Neurofilament and Calcium-Binding Proteins in the
... association areas located in the parietal and temporal cortex (Kondo et al., 1994). Previous analyses of the distribution of calcium-binding proteins in the macaque monkey cingulate cortex have shown that parvalbuminimmunoreactive interneurons are codistributed with neurofilament protein-immunoreact ...
... association areas located in the parietal and temporal cortex (Kondo et al., 1994). Previous analyses of the distribution of calcium-binding proteins in the macaque monkey cingulate cortex have shown that parvalbuminimmunoreactive interneurons are codistributed with neurofilament protein-immunoreact ...
Tuning Curve Shift by Attention Modulation in Cortical Neurons: a
... in the second layer have approximately the same tuning width than receptive fields in the recurrent model, and are ~3.5 times larger than first-layer RFs. Notice also that by choosing T = 0 and S0 = 0, neurons in the first layer never use the rectification mechanism in their input-output relationships. ...
... in the second layer have approximately the same tuning width than receptive fields in the recurrent model, and are ~3.5 times larger than first-layer RFs. Notice also that by choosing T = 0 and S0 = 0, neurons in the first layer never use the rectification mechanism in their input-output relationships. ...
Essential Roles for GSK-3s and GSK-3
... developed specific GSK-3 inhibitor, 6-bromoindirubin30 -acetoxime, that possesses an IC50 value in the nanomolar range and shows high selectivity against other proteins that have a similar structure around the ATP binding pocket, including CDK1 (Meijer et al., 2003, 2004). As an independent pharmaco ...
... developed specific GSK-3 inhibitor, 6-bromoindirubin30 -acetoxime, that possesses an IC50 value in the nanomolar range and shows high selectivity against other proteins that have a similar structure around the ATP binding pocket, including CDK1 (Meijer et al., 2003, 2004). As an independent pharmaco ...
themes - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology
... The rostral part of the NA, called the nucleus retrofacialis or the compact formation, contains all the vagal lower motor neurons (LMN) that control the motor function of striated muscles of the pharynx and the esophagus. These LMNs mediate all of the pharyngeal and laryngeal vagal reflexes (see Tab ...
... The rostral part of the NA, called the nucleus retrofacialis or the compact formation, contains all the vagal lower motor neurons (LMN) that control the motor function of striated muscles of the pharynx and the esophagus. These LMNs mediate all of the pharyngeal and laryngeal vagal reflexes (see Tab ...
ACTION POTENTIAL THRESHOLD OF HIPPOCAMPAL
... Understanding the mechanisms that lead to action potential initiation in single cells is a necessary step in determining the way neural networks process information. In particular, the precise mechanisms that underlie the initiation of action potentials are important factors for understanding whethe ...
... Understanding the mechanisms that lead to action potential initiation in single cells is a necessary step in determining the way neural networks process information. In particular, the precise mechanisms that underlie the initiation of action potentials are important factors for understanding whethe ...
Document
... TB_02_20 Neurons: The Messengers_Understand_LO 2.2 If an incoming message is not strong enough to cause a neuron to fire, it may cause a shift in the electrical charge of just a tiny area of the neuron. This shift, which quickly fades away, is called a(n) ________. a. resting potential b. action pot ...
... TB_02_20 Neurons: The Messengers_Understand_LO 2.2 If an incoming message is not strong enough to cause a neuron to fire, it may cause a shift in the electrical charge of just a tiny area of the neuron. This shift, which quickly fades away, is called a(n) ________. a. resting potential b. action pot ...
Autonomous and nonautonomous functions for Hox/Pbx in
... of Hox patterning affects this process on a cellular level. Similarly, little is known about the mechanism by which Hox patterning controls pathfinding of the trigeminal motor nerve. Here, we provide evidence for the nature of hox and pbx function with respect to the development and behaviors of spe ...
... of Hox patterning affects this process on a cellular level. Similarly, little is known about the mechanism by which Hox patterning controls pathfinding of the trigeminal motor nerve. Here, we provide evidence for the nature of hox and pbx function with respect to the development and behaviors of spe ...
Control of breathing by interacting pontine and
... The results of modeling were compared with, and provided a reasonable explanation for, multiple experimental data. The characteristic changes in TI and TE demonstrated with the model may represent characteristic changes in the balance between the pontine and pulmonary feedback control mechanisms tha ...
... The results of modeling were compared with, and provided a reasonable explanation for, multiple experimental data. The characteristic changes in TI and TE demonstrated with the model may represent characteristic changes in the balance between the pontine and pulmonary feedback control mechanisms tha ...
Primate amygdala neurons evaluate the progress of self
... our main reaction time analysis on the latencies with which the animals released a touch key at the end of a trial to initiate reinforcer delivery (liquid reward on spend trials, auditory cue on save trials). This measure has previously been shown to reflect a differential reward expectation related ...
... our main reaction time analysis on the latencies with which the animals released a touch key at the end of a trial to initiate reinforcer delivery (liquid reward on spend trials, auditory cue on save trials). This measure has previously been shown to reflect a differential reward expectation related ...
Playing the electric light orchestra—how electrical stimulation of
... such as amblyopia, blindness and visual hallucinations. Prominent methods currently used to investigate the function of visual cortex are often correlational and include neuroimaging, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and electrophysiological techniques, such as single cell neuro ...
... such as amblyopia, blindness and visual hallucinations. Prominent methods currently used to investigate the function of visual cortex are often correlational and include neuroimaging, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and electrophysiological techniques, such as single cell neuro ...
The projection of the lateral geniculate nucleus to area 17 of the rat
... the pial surface. After layers I through I I I had been removed sectioning was continued until layer IV was reached. The block face was then trimmed to a trapezoid about o.~ • o.2 m m in size and serial thin sections were taken. The sections were faintly golden in colour. These serial sections were ...
... the pial surface. After layers I through I I I had been removed sectioning was continued until layer IV was reached. The block face was then trimmed to a trapezoid about o.~ • o.2 m m in size and serial thin sections were taken. The sections were faintly golden in colour. These serial sections were ...
THESIS D - Krishikosh
... I express my sincere thanks to Mr. S. N. Gawande. University Librarian, MAFSU, Nagpur. I also offer my sincere thanks to Mr. Dinesh Patil, Assistant Professors of Statistics, Department of Veterinary Genetics, Nagpur Veterinary College, Nagpur for their suggestions and guidance as and when required ...
... I express my sincere thanks to Mr. S. N. Gawande. University Librarian, MAFSU, Nagpur. I also offer my sincere thanks to Mr. Dinesh Patil, Assistant Professors of Statistics, Department of Veterinary Genetics, Nagpur Veterinary College, Nagpur for their suggestions and guidance as and when required ...
Propofol Inhibits Neuronal Firing Activities in the Caudal
... propofol still plays a major role in modulating spontaneous neuronal firing in the CVLM. Neuronal inhibition by propofol was dose dependent. The MSAP also decreased dose-dependently under the action of incremental propofol, but the extent of the MSAP decrease was less than that of the NF decrease (T ...
... propofol still plays a major role in modulating spontaneous neuronal firing in the CVLM. Neuronal inhibition by propofol was dose dependent. The MSAP also decreased dose-dependently under the action of incremental propofol, but the extent of the MSAP decrease was less than that of the NF decrease (T ...
Auditory Neurons in the Dorsal Cortex of the Inferior Colliculus
... my supervisor Huiming Zhang. His advising was critical for the development of key scientific ideas, design of experiments and analysis, as well as interpretation of data. I certify that, to the best of my knowledge, my thesis does not infringe upon anyone’s copyright nor violate any proprietary righ ...
... my supervisor Huiming Zhang. His advising was critical for the development of key scientific ideas, design of experiments and analysis, as well as interpretation of data. I certify that, to the best of my knowledge, my thesis does not infringe upon anyone’s copyright nor violate any proprietary righ ...
Intrinsic and synaptic plasticity in the vestibular system
... calcium influx that occurs with each action potential: decreases in CaMKII activity oppose excitability by reducing BK currents. This unusual form of plasticity might be common to spontaneously active neurons throughout the brain, and would not have been observed in typical plasticity studies that c ...
... calcium influx that occurs with each action potential: decreases in CaMKII activity oppose excitability by reducing BK currents. This unusual form of plasticity might be common to spontaneously active neurons throughout the brain, and would not have been observed in typical plasticity studies that c ...
Specificity in Inhibitory Systems Associated with Prefrontal Pathways to
... Axons from area 10 targeted CB and PV inhibitory neurons, whereas axons from area 32 targeted PV inhibitory neurons. The preferential association of the 2 prefrontal pathways with distinct classes of inhibitory neurons at their origin and termination may reflect the specialization of area 10 in work ...
... Axons from area 10 targeted CB and PV inhibitory neurons, whereas axons from area 32 targeted PV inhibitory neurons. The preferential association of the 2 prefrontal pathways with distinct classes of inhibitory neurons at their origin and termination may reflect the specialization of area 10 in work ...
Patterns of GABAergic Immunoreactivity Define Subdivisions of the
... independent of the number of GABAergic neurons in the thalamic divisions, with the ventral division having the largest number/unit area, the medial division about 75% of this value, and the dorsal division only about 50%; and 4) the form of the puncta was unique to each division, those in the ventra ...
... independent of the number of GABAergic neurons in the thalamic divisions, with the ventral division having the largest number/unit area, the medial division about 75% of this value, and the dorsal division only about 50%; and 4) the form of the puncta was unique to each division, those in the ventra ...