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Tonal Atonality: An Analysis of Samuel Barber`s
Tonal Atonality: An Analysis of Samuel Barber`s

... tone row can be manipulated to produce 48 tone rows including the original tone row (Griffiths). In order to organize all 48 tone rows, Schoenberg developed matrices.1 In composing a single piece with tone rows, Schoenberg began by creating a single tone row and finding all 48 forms of that tone row ...
Middle School Band Curriculum 1
Middle School Band Curriculum 1

... In addition to previously known elements, sight-read (in groups) the In addition to previously known elements, sight-read (in groups) the following with characteristic tone: quarter notes and rests; 7 diatonic following with characteristic tone: paired eighth notes and rest; 2/4 notes (lower leading ...
6/26/06 Introduction We all have a mental/aural image of “music
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... everyone? Probably not. The idea of “what” music “is” is not the same around the world. Different cultures divide aural space differently. Likewise, different cultures have different conventions of musical practice. In Western music, aural space is divided into 7 diatonic pitches. How did we arrive ...
Set Theory - ClarkRoss.ca
Set Theory - ClarkRoss.ca

... “Ti,” whereas in other countries “Si” refers to a sharpened “So.” Indian classical music has a different note-labeling system, as do other world regions. There is no single, “standard” note-labeling system, and the use of integers is just one more way of doing so that also happens to be both logical ...
How Music Works I
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Lecture Series 1 Exam Review
Lecture Series 1 Exam Review

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Introduction Part 1: Reaction to Impressionism
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... elements; others returned back to prior musical periods for their inspiration and wrote works that draw elements from this music, which is known as neoclassicism. EXPRESSIONISM: PUSHING THE BOUNDARIES Composers, especially those who continued to write and expand 20 th century musical elements, sough ...
HoMProblem1
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... b) Determine the sum of all the numbers in row 1, the sum of all the numbers in row 2, the sum of all the numbers in row 3, the sum of all the numbers in row 4, the sum of all the numbers in row 5. What do you think is the sum of the the entries in row 6? Make a table to express your answers. What d ...
UNIT 1: ELEMENTS
UNIT 1: ELEMENTS

... highest and lowest pitch in a song or that an instrument can play Pitch – the first tool a composer has in creating a mood. ...
Babbitt`s Theorem - Theorem of the Day
Babbitt`s Theorem - Theorem of the Day

... below). Of the major-key fugues in the 48, the majority have subjects using 6 of the 7 notes in the major scale. If the missing note value is 5 or 11 then the interval class vector is (1 4 3 2 5 0), as found here for the C major fugue (the one that follows that prelude); Babbitt’s Theorem then guara ...
2013-04-25
2013-04-25

... are drawn not from a scale, but from a predetermined series of notes. Serial composition flourished between ca. 1920 and 1980." -page 518 ...
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Intro to Music Theory - Hamden High School Music Program
Intro to Music Theory - Hamden High School Music Program

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Chapter 1 Definitions
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Hindemith
Hindemith

... Symphony is arranged in three movements corresponding to three panels of a triptych alter piece (Isenheimer altar: Angel concert and birth Christi) by Mathias Grunewald. Tonality of movements is interesting: first ends in G Major; the other two in C-sharp Maj and D-flat Maj, forming tritone with fir ...
Appendix H Musical Concepts
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... Contrast phrases, periods, and sections may recur (intact or modified) to provide unity in music. Contrasting units may be used to provide variety. Unifying and contrasting units may be combined in various ways to form larger structural units. Motives - Musical works often contain brief groupings of ...
The Structures and Purposes of Music
The Structures and Purposes of Music

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The Elements of Music

... • Relative position, high or low, of a musical sound • Building blocks like words in a sentence • Humans can hear many variations in pitch • In music we take the spectrum and ...
Benward Chapter 6
Benward Chapter 6

... creating the feeling of a tonal center by using all the twelve chromatic tones in a prearranged order that does not lay particular emphasis on any one pitch in the composition as a whole. This method of composing is based on a twelvetone row rather than on a scale. Music that avoids the feelings of ...
Glossary of Terms
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... Key: tonic note, and the major or minor scale on which a composition is based Tonal: music that uses one notes of a scale as a reference pitch is said to be tonal Atonal: music that does not use one pitch as a reference point. Avoidance of a tonic note and of tonal relationships in music Phrase: a s ...
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... • Voice-Leading Procedures: 7th resolves up; 4th scale degree resolves down to the third. • Melodic emphasis on scale degrees 1,3,5; Melodic Skips between 1 and 5. • Works begin and end in the same key. • Diatonicism. The more chromatic chords are used the less stable the tonality becomes. • Strong ...
Introduction to Music
Introduction to Music

... A consonance is a combination of tones that a. Is considered harsh and/or tense b. Is considered stable, soothing and/or restful c. Are sounded one after the other d. Form a melody ...
Higher Music Literacy Unit 4 – Intervals
Higher Music Literacy Unit 4 – Intervals

... To calculate the size of an interval whether visually or aurally, treat the lower note a ‘1’ and go up by step until the upper note is reached. ...
Math and Music Project
Math and Music Project

... mathematical value in relation to all other notes.  Dotted notes are equal to the note plus one half. ...
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CHAPTER 4

... instructions to church musicians for singing plainsong and polyphony. • Guido was instrumental in the development of three important innovations: 1) the musical staff with pitch letter names; 2) a system of hexachords that isolated the half-step and facilitated sight-singing; and 3) a musical hand t ...
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Serialism

In music, serialism is a method or technique of composition that uses a series of values to manipulate different musical elements. Serialism began primarily with Arnold Schoenberg's twelve-tone technique, though some of his contemporaries were also working to establish serialism as a form of post-tonal thinking. Twelve-tone technique orders the twelve notes of the chromatic scale, forming a row or series and providing a unifying basis for a composition's melody, harmony, structural progressions, and variations. Other types of serialism also work with sets, collections of objects, but not necessarily with fixed-order series, and extend the technique to other musical dimensions (often called ""parameters""), such as duration, dynamics, and timbre. The idea of serialism is also applied in various ways in the visual arts, design, and architecture (Bandur 2001, 5, 12, 74; Gerstner 1964, passim), and the musical concept has also been adopted in literature (Collot 2008, 81; Leray 2008, 217–19; Waelti-Walters 1992, 37, 64, 81, 95).Integral serialism or total serialism is the use of series for aspects such as duration, dynamics, and register as well as pitch (Whittall 2008, 273). Other terms, used especially in Europe to distinguish post–World War II serial music from twelve-tone music and its American extensions, are general serialism and multiple serialism (Grant 2001, 5–6).Composers such as Arnold Schoenberg, Anton Webern, Alban Berg, Karlheinz Stockhausen, Pierre Boulez, Luigi Nono, Milton Babbitt, Charles Wuorinen and Jean Barraqué used serial techniques of one sort or another in most of their music. Other composers such as Béla Bartók, Luciano Berio, Benjamin Britten, John Cage, Aaron Copland, Olivier Messiaen, Arvo Pärt, Walter Piston, Ned Rorem, Alfred Schnittke, Dmitri Shostakovich, and Igor Stravinsky used serialism only for some of their compositions or only for some sections of pieces, as did some jazz composers such as Yusef Lateef and Bill Evans.
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