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Musical Terms: Musicians use certain words and phrases (that may
Musical Terms: Musicians use certain words and phrases (that may

... common usage) to describe musical elements. Music is made of pitches (notes or tones) that can be altered to be higher or lower. Pitches can also be altered by duration; the length of time a pitch lasts. Pitch can also be altered in terms of dynamics and tone quality (timbre). Scales and Intervals a ...
Text
Text

... melody and voice leading, harmonic progression, rhythm, form, timbre and texture, or a style or "school" of composition such as neoclassicism, exoticism, atonality, serialism, and chance music. N early all compositional issues of the century are given at least some mention, with good illustrations f ...
Power Point presentation: basics of music
Power Point presentation: basics of music

... • How sounds deployed through time = rhythm • How quickly or slowly piece moves = tempo • How many sounds happening at once = texture • How loud or soft = dynamics ...
Capability-Based Optimization in Mediators
Capability-Based Optimization in Mediators

... Selection  Example Dealer 2 has two different sources. 1. Autos(serial, model, color) 2. Options(serial, option) Assuming we have only the following adornments for the two sources. • ubf for Autos ...
The Twelve-Tone Method of Musical Construction
The Twelve-Tone Method of Musical Construction

... In all, the prime row can be altered in 47 ways, so that a composition based on a 12-tone row may actually use up to 48 different ‘rows’. However, certain rows (e.g. palindromic rows) produce matrices in which several of the transformed rows are identical. The row (7 9 11 1 3 5 6 4 2 0 10 8), for ex ...
1 Terms and Definitions Characteristics of Modern and Postmodern
1 Terms and Definitions Characteristics of Modern and Postmodern

... Characteristics of Modern and Postmodern Music Chromatic harmony: harmony utilizing chords built on the five chromatic notes of the scale in addition to the 7 diatonic ones; producing rich harmonies Impressionism and Impressionist Music (See textbook and lecture notes) Modernism and Modernist Music ...
Guidelines for the Analysis of Twentieth
Guidelines for the Analysis of Twentieth

... to structural repetition, but do not expect pieces to fit into the formal norms of traditional tonal music. B. 20th-century composers often tend to avoid the literal restatement of material—to emphasize continual transformation and change rather than return to formal stability. Material is often rad ...
Music - tl594
Music - tl594

... Tempo-the pace at which a piece of music is performed Rhythm-the way a pattern of sound moves through time Pitch-the highness or lowness of a tone or sound Melody-a series of musical notes arranged one after another Harmony-sounding two or more tones at the same time Texture – the character of music ...
study guide
study guide

... FLAT- symbol lowering note ½ step. CONTEMPORARY- Debussy, Stravinsky, Weber. SONATO- Song based compositions solo with orch. CONCERTO- Contest between soloist & orch. SYMPHONY- Large orchestral work based on theme & variations. CHORALE- Homophonic choral work began in Baroque era. PHRASE- Musical st ...
Network Interface Unit (NIU)
Network Interface Unit (NIU)

... This is particularly true for older legacy components where the interface is often bespoke and does not conform to any recognised international or national standards. Even where compatibility is claimed by equipment it is often only for part of a standard and the interface does not necessarily confo ...
Notes for Class 3 - Midcoast Senior College
Notes for Class 3 - Midcoast Senior College

... A review of the “Post-Wagnerians” -- Mahler, Strauss, Schoenberg and his students Webern & Berg These composers build upon the legacy of late-19th century Romantic (Austro-German) music, which may be summarized as follows: (1) Music as highly “EXPRESSIVE” statement, very often PROGRAMMATIC (i.e. in ...
T-SYSTEM Savio Santoro* The Brazilian composer Tacuchian (b
T-SYSTEM Savio Santoro* The Brazilian composer Tacuchian (b

... not work, but they did work, thanks to this system” (TACUCHIAN, 2005). The next major piece to employ both the T-chord and T-scale was the symphonic ballet Hayastan, his final doctoral project at the University of Southern California. Perceiving the positive aural results produced in these works as ...
Document
Document

... concerto – a piece for a soloist and orchestra ternary form – music with three sections; usually Section A, flowed by a contrasting Section B, then Section A again theme and variations – a type of musical form in which a main melody (theme) is followed by different version of the theme (variations) ...
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756 – 1791)
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756 – 1791)

... It became clear to Schoenberg that it was very difficult to keep a piece going for any length of time if it did not contain the key relationships and cadences that contribute so much to the structure of music written up to this time. Since a central idea of Schoenberg's work was that there should no ...
Musical Terms Level 3
Musical Terms Level 3

... • D.C. al Fine • D.S. al Fine ...
20th Cent Definitions
20th Cent Definitions

... An equal division of time Works which make extensive use of quotations from earlier music Slight holding back or pressing forward of tempo to intensify the expression of the music How music moves through time; how the music sounds against even pulses An expansion of the 12-tone method that uses a sy ...
Music of WWI
Music of WWI

... studied at the St. Petersburg conservatory with famed Russian composer Nicolai Rimsky-Korsakov. Early in his career, he was commissioned to compose three ballets for the Ballet Russe. Other that “Rite of Spring” the other well known ballet composed by Stravinsky was “Partushka” which was considered ...
Six Bagatelles for String Quartet, Op. 9, No. 5 “Äußerst langsam
Six Bagatelles for String Quartet, Op. 9, No. 5 “Äußerst langsam

... such as Expressionism. In fact, “Nacht” from Pierrot lunaire is an atonal work, but we didn’t necessarily notice that fact because Schoenberg held the song together with the persistent three-note ostinato, which he called a passacaglia. In this way, “Nacht” uses a structure from the past, but combin ...
Music Terminology Articulation: How specific notes or passages are
Music Terminology Articulation: How specific notes or passages are

... Harmony: Pleasing combination of two or three tones played together in the background while a melody is being played. ...
Joseph N. Straus, Twelve-Tone Music in America
Joseph N. Straus, Twelve-Tone Music in America

... After surveying the great range of styles and techniques that American twelve-tone composers have employed, Straus attempts to situate their music within broader theoretical and historical contexts. “Context” takes an unusual form, however: in Part Two, titled “American twelve-tone music in context, ...
twelve-tone matrix/project
twelve-tone matrix/project

... a. Identify important relationships (e.g., combinatoriality, invariance) among these selected rows; indicate how these may be used in your piece. b. Develop several chord constructions and melodic lines based on cells (trichords, tetrachords, hexachords) within your selected rows. 2. Composition: Us ...
Throbbing Analysis - MLC Music eJournal
Throbbing Analysis - MLC Music eJournal

... which  had  just  been  built.  J.S.  Bach  uses  number  imagery  in  his  St  Matthew  Passion  as   (one  of  many  techniques  he  uses,  while  Debussy  uses  the  golden  mean  in  his  orchestral   work  La  Mer.  There  ar ...
Twentieth Century New scales New chords (almost any combination
Twentieth Century New scales New chords (almost any combination

... Petroushka‐
two
chord
progressions
at
once,
two
scales
at
once
(polytonality)
 Rite
of
Spring‐
Primitivism
 No
traditional
chord
progression
or
construction
 Large
emphasis
on
rhythm
instead
of
melody
or
harmony
 Crude,
sometimes
violent
use
of
orchestra
 ...
Sample History Placement Exam 2013
Sample History Placement Exam 2013

... [I have] no faith in the C major scale. The tonal scale must be enriched by other scales. Nor am I misled by equal temperament. Rhythms are stifling. Rhythms cannot be contained within bars. It is nonsense to speak of “simple” and “compound” time. There should be an interminable flow of both. Relati ...
Twelve-Tone Technique.qxd
Twelve-Tone Technique.qxd

... Tonal music is bound by the traditional principles of cadences, modulations, diatonic scales, the functional hierarchy of scale degrees (tonic, dominant, subdominant, etc.), and so on. When writing atonal music, the composer has to leave behind many, if not all, of those traditional principles of to ...
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Serialism

In music, serialism is a method or technique of composition that uses a series of values to manipulate different musical elements. Serialism began primarily with Arnold Schoenberg's twelve-tone technique, though some of his contemporaries were also working to establish serialism as a form of post-tonal thinking. Twelve-tone technique orders the twelve notes of the chromatic scale, forming a row or series and providing a unifying basis for a composition's melody, harmony, structural progressions, and variations. Other types of serialism also work with sets, collections of objects, but not necessarily with fixed-order series, and extend the technique to other musical dimensions (often called ""parameters""), such as duration, dynamics, and timbre. The idea of serialism is also applied in various ways in the visual arts, design, and architecture (Bandur 2001, 5, 12, 74; Gerstner 1964, passim), and the musical concept has also been adopted in literature (Collot 2008, 81; Leray 2008, 217–19; Waelti-Walters 1992, 37, 64, 81, 95).Integral serialism or total serialism is the use of series for aspects such as duration, dynamics, and register as well as pitch (Whittall 2008, 273). Other terms, used especially in Europe to distinguish post–World War II serial music from twelve-tone music and its American extensions, are general serialism and multiple serialism (Grant 2001, 5–6).Composers such as Arnold Schoenberg, Anton Webern, Alban Berg, Karlheinz Stockhausen, Pierre Boulez, Luigi Nono, Milton Babbitt, Charles Wuorinen and Jean Barraqué used serial techniques of one sort or another in most of their music. Other composers such as Béla Bartók, Luciano Berio, Benjamin Britten, John Cage, Aaron Copland, Olivier Messiaen, Arvo Pärt, Walter Piston, Ned Rorem, Alfred Schnittke, Dmitri Shostakovich, and Igor Stravinsky used serialism only for some of their compositions or only for some sections of pieces, as did some jazz composers such as Yusef Lateef and Bill Evans.
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