Neural Coding: Higher Order Temporal Patterns in the
... (sometimes triplets) of neurons recorded under appropriate stimulus conditions. The result is a time-averaged measure of the temporal correlation among the spiking events of the observed neurons under those conditions. Application of these measures has revealed interesting instances of time- and con ...
... (sometimes triplets) of neurons recorded under appropriate stimulus conditions. The result is a time-averaged measure of the temporal correlation among the spiking events of the observed neurons under those conditions. Application of these measures has revealed interesting instances of time- and con ...
TOWARDS AN "EARLY NEURAL CIRCUIT SIMULATOR": A FPGA
... according to the two-stage model of the nervous system. 2.2.1 First stage (trigeminal ganglion) model Each of the roughly 30 whiskers on the rat's face has associated with it between 1500 and 2000 ganglion neurons, If our dynamical state hypothesis is correct [6], these neurons must cover (in a pair ...
... according to the two-stage model of the nervous system. 2.2.1 First stage (trigeminal ganglion) model Each of the roughly 30 whiskers on the rat's face has associated with it between 1500 and 2000 ganglion neurons, If our dynamical state hypothesis is correct [6], these neurons must cover (in a pair ...
Amo, Neuron, 2014
... by the active avoidance of potentially dangerous environments is often more effective for animal survival than panic behavior alone. A candidate site responsible for active avoidance is the lateral habenula (LHb). In mammals, LHb neurons are phasically activated to negative or aversive emotional eve ...
... by the active avoidance of potentially dangerous environments is often more effective for animal survival than panic behavior alone. A candidate site responsible for active avoidance is the lateral habenula (LHb). In mammals, LHb neurons are phasically activated to negative or aversive emotional eve ...
"TOPICS IN THEORETICAL NEUROBIOLOGY"
... Normally the HH neuron does not fire with zero input or with hyperpolarizing input current, but with V_1/2 = -30.5 there is a threshold for repetitive spiking around +1.8 nA (standard model). See below. ...
... Normally the HH neuron does not fire with zero input or with hyperpolarizing input current, but with V_1/2 = -30.5 there is a threshold for repetitive spiking around +1.8 nA (standard model). See below. ...
A Neuronal Model of Predictive Coding Accounting for the
... remain debated. We propose here a detailed neuronal model of auditory cortex, based on predictive coding, that accounts for the critical features of MMN. The model is entirely composed of spiking excitatory and inhibitory neurons interconnected in a layered cortical architecture with distinct input, ...
... remain debated. We propose here a detailed neuronal model of auditory cortex, based on predictive coding, that accounts for the critical features of MMN. The model is entirely composed of spiking excitatory and inhibitory neurons interconnected in a layered cortical architecture with distinct input, ...
Human brainstem preganglionic parasympathetic
... Tramonte and Bauer, 1986), dog (Chibuzo and Cummings, 1980) and monkey (Perwaiz and Karim, 1982). The preganglionic neurons do not form discrete cell groups, so that it is difficult to identify them on Nissl appearance alone; nor is there a clear rostrocaudal distinction between neurons with axons e ...
... Tramonte and Bauer, 1986), dog (Chibuzo and Cummings, 1980) and monkey (Perwaiz and Karim, 1982). The preganglionic neurons do not form discrete cell groups, so that it is difficult to identify them on Nissl appearance alone; nor is there a clear rostrocaudal distinction between neurons with axons e ...
A Motion-sensitive Area in Ferret Extrastriate
... and the amount of data recorded from individual animals dramatically increased. This procedure was well tolerated by the ferrets as shown by their normal feeding and play behaviour. Electrophysiology Electrophysiological recordings in extrastriate visual cortex were performed with tungsten in glass ...
... and the amount of data recorded from individual animals dramatically increased. This procedure was well tolerated by the ferrets as shown by their normal feeding and play behaviour. Electrophysiology Electrophysiological recordings in extrastriate visual cortex were performed with tungsten in glass ...
Chemosensory pathways in the brainstem controlling
... The basic rhythm of breathing is generated by neuronal circuits within the medullary pre-Bötzinger complex, modulated by pontine and other inputs from cell groups within the medulla oblongata and then transmitted to bulbospinal pre-motor neurons that relay the respiratory pattern to cranial and spi ...
... The basic rhythm of breathing is generated by neuronal circuits within the medullary pre-Bötzinger complex, modulated by pontine and other inputs from cell groups within the medulla oblongata and then transmitted to bulbospinal pre-motor neurons that relay the respiratory pattern to cranial and spi ...
VISCERAL SENSORY NEURONS THAT INNERVATE BOTH
... that DRG neurons that innervate both uterus and colon express nociceptive capsaicin-sensitive TRPV1 and ATPsensitive P2X3 receptors. Our results indicate that sensory information to the DRG neurons may originate in different viscera. Although it is generally accepted that each primary afferent neuro ...
... that DRG neurons that innervate both uterus and colon express nociceptive capsaicin-sensitive TRPV1 and ATPsensitive P2X3 receptors. Our results indicate that sensory information to the DRG neurons may originate in different viscera. Although it is generally accepted that each primary afferent neuro ...
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... strategy to represent both spectral and temporal information in the rat, as in other species. Just as spectral information is encoded in the firing patterns of neurons tuned to different frequencies, temporal information appears to be encoded using a set of filters covering a range of behaviorally i ...
... strategy to represent both spectral and temporal information in the rat, as in other species. Just as spectral information is encoded in the firing patterns of neurons tuned to different frequencies, temporal information appears to be encoded using a set of filters covering a range of behaviorally i ...
Intersegmental synchronization of spontaneous activity of dorsal
... discharges showed the highest incidence of overlapping receptive fields. However, in these studies, very little information was presented on mechanisms and/or pathways contributing to the intersegmental synchronization of the spontaneous activity of these neurons. One question that emerged from the ...
... discharges showed the highest incidence of overlapping receptive fields. However, in these studies, very little information was presented on mechanisms and/or pathways contributing to the intersegmental synchronization of the spontaneous activity of these neurons. One question that emerged from the ...
Primate Red Nucleus Discharge Encodes the Dynamics of Limb
... to brief bursts of a few muscles. Although this task was not as well suited for the analysis of spatial properties of RNm discharge, it was ideal for studying the timing and dynamics of individual, well-correlated neuron/muscle pairs. Figure 1A shows data recorded during the free-form prehension tas ...
... to brief bursts of a few muscles. Although this task was not as well suited for the analysis of spatial properties of RNm discharge, it was ideal for studying the timing and dynamics of individual, well-correlated neuron/muscle pairs. Figure 1A shows data recorded during the free-form prehension tas ...
Skeletal System
... and must function over a lifetime They do not divide • As fetal neurons assume their roles as communication links in the nervous system, they lose their ability to undergo mitosis • Cells cannot be replaced if destroyed - Some limited exceptions do exist in the CNS as neural stem cells have been ide ...
... and must function over a lifetime They do not divide • As fetal neurons assume their roles as communication links in the nervous system, they lose their ability to undergo mitosis • Cells cannot be replaced if destroyed - Some limited exceptions do exist in the CNS as neural stem cells have been ide ...
Neural Coding and Auditory Perception
... present in the VAS stimuli, low-CF cells maintain better directional sensitivity in reverberation than high-CF cells. Using recordings from primary auditory neurons, we show that this result can be attributed to the fact that reverberation degrades the directional information in envelope ITDs more s ...
... present in the VAS stimuli, low-CF cells maintain better directional sensitivity in reverberation than high-CF cells. Using recordings from primary auditory neurons, we show that this result can be attributed to the fact that reverberation degrades the directional information in envelope ITDs more s ...
SENSE AND THE SINGLE NEURON: Probing the Physiology of
... spikes. Three curves are shown in Figure 1B: The leftmost corresponds to the neuron firing at least one spike on a single trial and the other two correspond to the firing of at least two or at least three spikes, respectively. The shapes of these neural detection functions (neurometric functions) ar ...
... spikes. Three curves are shown in Figure 1B: The leftmost corresponds to the neuron firing at least one spike on a single trial and the other two correspond to the firing of at least two or at least three spikes, respectively. The shapes of these neural detection functions (neurometric functions) ar ...
Neuroscience and Behavior
... and receptor sites work sort of like a lock and key. Each receptor site (lock) is designed to receive only one type of neurotransmitter (key). Once released, not all molecules of neurotransmitters find their way into receptor sites of other neurons. Neurotransmitter molecules that do not attach to r ...
... and receptor sites work sort of like a lock and key. Each receptor site (lock) is designed to receive only one type of neurotransmitter (key). Once released, not all molecules of neurotransmitters find their way into receptor sites of other neurons. Neurotransmitter molecules that do not attach to r ...
Context Dependency in the Globus Pallidus Internal Segment
... 1993). All of these studies provide evidence for the great ...
... 1993). All of these studies provide evidence for the great ...
Post-pubertal Emergence of Prefrontal Cortical Up
... Spontaneous plateau depolarizations were observed sporadically during baseline recordings. These events lasted 452.9 ± 122.2 ms and occurred about once every 12 min (0.0014 ± 0.0004 Hz, n = 16). Spontaneous depolarizations were not observed in slices from immature animals (PD < 40, n = 26). Because ...
... Spontaneous plateau depolarizations were observed sporadically during baseline recordings. These events lasted 452.9 ± 122.2 ms and occurred about once every 12 min (0.0014 ± 0.0004 Hz, n = 16). Spontaneous depolarizations were not observed in slices from immature animals (PD < 40, n = 26). Because ...
Anatomy Review
... a. action potential b. synaptic potential 18. (Page 5.) Label the diagrams on page 5. 19. (Page 5.) In the brain, a variety of synapses have evolved to serve complex transmission needs between neurons. Synapses located between axon terminals of one neuron and ______, ______, or ______ of another are ...
... a. action potential b. synaptic potential 18. (Page 5.) Label the diagrams on page 5. 19. (Page 5.) In the brain, a variety of synapses have evolved to serve complex transmission needs between neurons. Synapses located between axon terminals of one neuron and ______, ______, or ______ of another are ...
Spike-and-Wave Oscillations Based on the Properties of GABAB
... Neocortical and thalamic neurons are involved in the genesis of generalized spike-and-wave (SW) epileptic seizures. The cellular mechanism of SW involves complex interactions between intrinsic neuronal firing properties and multiple types of synaptic receptors, but because of the complexity of these ...
... Neocortical and thalamic neurons are involved in the genesis of generalized spike-and-wave (SW) epileptic seizures. The cellular mechanism of SW involves complex interactions between intrinsic neuronal firing properties and multiple types of synaptic receptors, but because of the complexity of these ...
RESOURCE - Synthetic Neurobiology Group
... specific photoactivation of parvalbumin-positive interneurons in behaving ChR2-EYFP reporter mice. The robust, consistent and inducible nature of our ChR2 mice represents a significant advance over previous lines, and the Arch-ER2 and eNpHR3.0 mice are to our knowledge the first demonstration of suc ...
... specific photoactivation of parvalbumin-positive interneurons in behaving ChR2-EYFP reporter mice. The robust, consistent and inducible nature of our ChR2 mice represents a significant advance over previous lines, and the Arch-ER2 and eNpHR3.0 mice are to our knowledge the first demonstration of suc ...
Simulations of the Role of the Muscarinic-Activated Calcium- I in Entorhinal Neuronal
... only one input neuron, representing the odor-specific responses observed during unit recording (Young et al., 1997). The other simulated pyramidal cell received input from both input neurons, representing the odor nonspecific cells observed during recordings (Young et al., 1997). The input neurons d ...
... only one input neuron, representing the odor-specific responses observed during unit recording (Young et al., 1997). The other simulated pyramidal cell received input from both input neurons, representing the odor nonspecific cells observed during recordings (Young et al., 1997). The input neurons d ...
Dynamics of spontaneous activity in the cerebral cortex across brain states
... d’aquesta tesi per mitjà del servei TDX (www.tdx.cat) i a través del Dipòsit Digital de la UB (diposit.ub.edu) ha estat autoritzada pels titulars dels drets de propietat intel·lectual únicament per a usos privats emmarcats en activitats d’investigació i docència. No s’autoritza la seva reproducció a ...
... d’aquesta tesi per mitjà del servei TDX (www.tdx.cat) i a través del Dipòsit Digital de la UB (diposit.ub.edu) ha estat autoritzada pels titulars dels drets de propietat intel·lectual únicament per a usos privats emmarcats en activitats d’investigació i docència. No s’autoritza la seva reproducció a ...
Neural oscillation
Neural oscillation is rhythmic or repetitive neural activity in the central nervous system. Neural tissue can generate oscillatory activity in many ways, driven either by mechanisms within individual neurons or by interactions between neurons. In individual neurons, oscillations can appear either as oscillations in membrane potential or as rhythmic patterns of action potentials, which then produce oscillatory activation of post-synaptic neurons. At the level of neural ensembles, synchronized activity of large numbers of neurons can give rise to macroscopic oscillations, which can be observed in the electroencephalogram (EEG). Oscillatory activity in groups of neurons generally arises from feedback connections between the neurons that result in the synchronization of their firing patterns. The interaction between neurons can give rise to oscillations at a different frequency than the firing frequency of individual neurons. A well-known example of macroscopic neural oscillations is alpha activity.Neural oscillations were observed by researchers as early as 1924 (by Hans Berger). More than 50 years later, intrinsic oscillatory behavior was encountered in vertebrate neurons, but its functional role is still not fully understood. The possible roles of neural oscillations include feature binding, information transfer mechanisms and the generation of rhythmic motor output. Over the last decades more insight has been gained, especially with advances in brain imaging. A major area of research in neuroscience involves determining how oscillations are generated and what their roles are. Oscillatory activity in the brain is widely observed at different levels of observation and is thought to play a key role in processing neural information. Numerous experimental studies support a functional role of neural oscillations; a unified interpretation, however, is still lacking.