Visual Categorization and the Primate Prefrontal Cortex
... “camera” instantly and effortlessly provides a great deal of information about its relevant parts and functions and spares us from having to learn anew each time we encounter a new individual. The ability to categorize stimuli is a cornerstone of complex behavior. Categories are evident in all senso ...
... “camera” instantly and effortlessly provides a great deal of information about its relevant parts and functions and spares us from having to learn anew each time we encounter a new individual. The ability to categorize stimuli is a cornerstone of complex behavior. Categories are evident in all senso ...
The neural milieu of the developing choroid plexus: neural stem
... The choroid plexus produces cerebrospinal fluid and plays an important role in brain homeostasis both pre and postnatally. In vitro studies have suggested that cells from adult choroid plexus have stem/progenitor cell-like properties. Our initial aim was to investigate whether such a cell population ...
... The choroid plexus produces cerebrospinal fluid and plays an important role in brain homeostasis both pre and postnatally. In vitro studies have suggested that cells from adult choroid plexus have stem/progenitor cell-like properties. Our initial aim was to investigate whether such a cell population ...
Favorable Recording Criteria for Spike Sorting
... also applies when more than two neurons are being extracted from the recording. The correlation is determined by the spike templates, which some spike sorting algorithms use directly. Even in cases of high correlation due to temporal overlap and/or waveform similarity, we can rely on amplitude diffe ...
... also applies when more than two neurons are being extracted from the recording. The correlation is determined by the spike templates, which some spike sorting algorithms use directly. Even in cases of high correlation due to temporal overlap and/or waveform similarity, we can rely on amplitude diffe ...
Principles of Extracellular Single
... well known.8 If a spike were generated at the dendrites rather than at the initial segment, the dendrites would initially act as a sink, then as a source for active membrane at the soma and the axon. Again, the actual impact on the extracellular waveform would depend on geometry of the dendrites and ...
... well known.8 If a spike were generated at the dendrites rather than at the initial segment, the dendrites would initially act as a sink, then as a source for active membrane at the soma and the axon. Again, the actual impact on the extracellular waveform would depend on geometry of the dendrites and ...
Guzowski et al - Psychology and Neuroscience
... gene expression is linked to input-specific neural activity patterns and is not a generalized response to stress, novelty or motor activity that accompanies the exploratory behavior. It is important to note that a similar percentage of CA1 neurons was engaged (as indicated by Arc RNA induction) by e ...
... gene expression is linked to input-specific neural activity patterns and is not a generalized response to stress, novelty or motor activity that accompanies the exploratory behavior. It is important to note that a similar percentage of CA1 neurons was engaged (as indicated by Arc RNA induction) by e ...
Computing auditory perception - Machine Learning Group, TU Berlin
... the axon hillock, all incoming voltage pulses accumulate until they cross a threshold. As a consequence, a stereotype voltage pulse (spike) is generated. The spike propagates across the axon until it reaches a synapse. In the presynaptic axon, neurotransmitters are packed in the vesicles (figure 2(a) ...
... the axon hillock, all incoming voltage pulses accumulate until they cross a threshold. As a consequence, a stereotype voltage pulse (spike) is generated. The spike propagates across the axon until it reaches a synapse. In the presynaptic axon, neurotransmitters are packed in the vesicles (figure 2(a) ...
מצגת של PowerPoint
... Excitatory GABA currents are essential (necessary) for proper dendritic development ...
... Excitatory GABA currents are essential (necessary) for proper dendritic development ...
PDF
... In this article we first point at the expansion of associative cortical areas in primates, as well as at the intrinsic changes in the structure of the cortical column. There is a huge increase in proportion of glutamatergic cortical projecting neurons located in the upper cortical layers (II/III). In ...
... In this article we first point at the expansion of associative cortical areas in primates, as well as at the intrinsic changes in the structure of the cortical column. There is a huge increase in proportion of glutamatergic cortical projecting neurons located in the upper cortical layers (II/III). In ...
~ Pergamon
... We combined data from prefrontal areas with similar laminar definition to determine whether regional differences in the distribution of labelled neurons were related to differences in laminar characteristics noted previously/4 Categories were constructed on the basis of number of layers and laminar ...
... We combined data from prefrontal areas with similar laminar definition to determine whether regional differences in the distribution of labelled neurons were related to differences in laminar characteristics noted previously/4 Categories were constructed on the basis of number of layers and laminar ...
Cellular, synaptic and network effects of neuromodulation
... potentials, and the bottom neuron was firing in bursts of action potentials separated by long interburst intervals. When we consider that biological neurons may display eight, ten, or more different voltage-dependent currents, and that the subunit composition of each channel type can regulate its ki ...
... potentials, and the bottom neuron was firing in bursts of action potentials separated by long interburst intervals. When we consider that biological neurons may display eight, ten, or more different voltage-dependent currents, and that the subunit composition of each channel type can regulate its ki ...
Efficient Event-Driven Simulation of Large Networks of Spiking
... incorporated in the modeling of (recurrent) feedback neural networks thus far as a static prescription for synaptic efficacies, according to some chosen “learning rule.” In this way, a long and important series of results have been obtained, which have made these models candidates for an account of ...
... incorporated in the modeling of (recurrent) feedback neural networks thus far as a static prescription for synaptic efficacies, according to some chosen “learning rule.” In this way, a long and important series of results have been obtained, which have made these models candidates for an account of ...
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... Theories of temporal coding by cortical neurons are supported by observations that individual neurons can respond to sensory stimulation with millisecond precision and that activity in large populations is often highly correlated. Synchronization is highest between neurons with overlapping receptive ...
... Theories of temporal coding by cortical neurons are supported by observations that individual neurons can respond to sensory stimulation with millisecond precision and that activity in large populations is often highly correlated. Synchronization is highest between neurons with overlapping receptive ...
characterisation of dopamine neurons of the murine ventral
... neurons originating from this region project and receive input from various other brain regions and through several neurotransmitter systems. The attention was concentrated on the excitatory modulation suggested to regulate important functions of synaptic plasticity, which have been associated with ...
... neurons originating from this region project and receive input from various other brain regions and through several neurotransmitter systems. The attention was concentrated on the excitatory modulation suggested to regulate important functions of synaptic plasticity, which have been associated with ...
Physiological Plasticity of Single Neurons in Auditory Cortex of the
... Physiological Plasticity of Single Neurons in Auditory Cortex of the Cat During Acquisition of the Pupillary Conditioned Response: II. Secondary Field (All) David M. Diamond and Norman M. Weinberger Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory and Department of Psychobiology University of Cali ...
... Physiological Plasticity of Single Neurons in Auditory Cortex of the Cat During Acquisition of the Pupillary Conditioned Response: II. Secondary Field (All) David M. Diamond and Norman M. Weinberger Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory and Department of Psychobiology University of Cali ...
the brainstem control of saccadic eye movements
... recording method in the late 1960s. Research carried out in the intervening years has made it possible to provide a detailed description of the saccadic command signals that are generated by motor neurons and the formation of these signals in premotor brainstem regions. These findings have been assi ...
... recording method in the late 1960s. Research carried out in the intervening years has made it possible to provide a detailed description of the saccadic command signals that are generated by motor neurons and the formation of these signals in premotor brainstem regions. These findings have been assi ...
The Area Postrema - Queen`s University
... of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and dorsomedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (DMH) (van der Kooy and Koda 1983; Shapiro and Miselis 1985; see Fig. 3). Intriguingly information from the AP reaches the PVN through both monosynaptic and polysynaptic connections suggesting an integrative capacity wi ...
... of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and dorsomedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (DMH) (van der Kooy and Koda 1983; Shapiro and Miselis 1985; see Fig. 3). Intriguingly information from the AP reaches the PVN through both monosynaptic and polysynaptic connections suggesting an integrative capacity wi ...
Dissociation of Mnemonic Coding and Other Functional Neuronal
... 1975; Petrides and Iversen 1976). Electrophysiological studies in the PFCdl of monkeys have revealed delay-related neuronal activity during the performance of DR and delayed alternation (DA) tasks in manual (Carlson et al. 1990; Fuster 1973; Fuster and Alexander 1971; Kojima and GoldmanRakic 1984; K ...
... 1975; Petrides and Iversen 1976). Electrophysiological studies in the PFCdl of monkeys have revealed delay-related neuronal activity during the performance of DR and delayed alternation (DA) tasks in manual (Carlson et al. 1990; Fuster 1973; Fuster and Alexander 1971; Kojima and GoldmanRakic 1984; K ...
Energy balance
... Now, back to caffeine. • Caffeine binds to the receptors for adenosine, but has no effect on the receptors. • When caffeine is bound, adenosine can’t bind. Adenosine Caffeine ...
... Now, back to caffeine. • Caffeine binds to the receptors for adenosine, but has no effect on the receptors. • When caffeine is bound, adenosine can’t bind. Adenosine Caffeine ...
Neurons of human nucleus accumbens
... in human nucleus accumbens is related to the addictive properties and positive reinforcement by many drugs 8. Many cortical and subcortical parts of the brain, especially in the limbic regions are related to drug-induced neurobehavioral adaptations as well as experience. However, it is confirmed tha ...
... in human nucleus accumbens is related to the addictive properties and positive reinforcement by many drugs 8. Many cortical and subcortical parts of the brain, especially in the limbic regions are related to drug-induced neurobehavioral adaptations as well as experience. However, it is confirmed tha ...
Surround suppression explained by long-range
... within a cortical column, which is recruited and modulated by information conveyed over long-range excitatory projections, including from the visual surround. The network proposed models the superficial layers of cat primary visual cortex (area 17), including several populations designed to simulat ...
... within a cortical column, which is recruited and modulated by information conveyed over long-range excitatory projections, including from the visual surround. The network proposed models the superficial layers of cat primary visual cortex (area 17), including several populations designed to simulat ...
Extra-Classical Tuning Predicts Stimulus
... and noise GLMs and contribute marginally and insignificantly to differences in predictive power. Before analyzing STRFs, we performed a 3⫻ up-sampling in each dimension using a cubic spline. To validate each GLM STRF as a model for auditory tuning, we used the STRF to predict 10 spike trains in resp ...
... and noise GLMs and contribute marginally and insignificantly to differences in predictive power. Before analyzing STRFs, we performed a 3⫻ up-sampling in each dimension using a cubic spline. To validate each GLM STRF as a model for auditory tuning, we used the STRF to predict 10 spike trains in resp ...
Neuronal Competition and Selection During Memory Formation
... may be important for selecting the neurons that participate in encoding memories in the adult brain. To examine neuronal competition during memory formation, we conducted experiments with mice in which we manipulated the function of CREB (adenosine 3´,5´-monophosphate response element–binding protei ...
... may be important for selecting the neurons that participate in encoding memories in the adult brain. To examine neuronal competition during memory formation, we conducted experiments with mice in which we manipulated the function of CREB (adenosine 3´,5´-monophosphate response element–binding protei ...
Neural oscillation
Neural oscillation is rhythmic or repetitive neural activity in the central nervous system. Neural tissue can generate oscillatory activity in many ways, driven either by mechanisms within individual neurons or by interactions between neurons. In individual neurons, oscillations can appear either as oscillations in membrane potential or as rhythmic patterns of action potentials, which then produce oscillatory activation of post-synaptic neurons. At the level of neural ensembles, synchronized activity of large numbers of neurons can give rise to macroscopic oscillations, which can be observed in the electroencephalogram (EEG). Oscillatory activity in groups of neurons generally arises from feedback connections between the neurons that result in the synchronization of their firing patterns. The interaction between neurons can give rise to oscillations at a different frequency than the firing frequency of individual neurons. A well-known example of macroscopic neural oscillations is alpha activity.Neural oscillations were observed by researchers as early as 1924 (by Hans Berger). More than 50 years later, intrinsic oscillatory behavior was encountered in vertebrate neurons, but its functional role is still not fully understood. The possible roles of neural oscillations include feature binding, information transfer mechanisms and the generation of rhythmic motor output. Over the last decades more insight has been gained, especially with advances in brain imaging. A major area of research in neuroscience involves determining how oscillations are generated and what their roles are. Oscillatory activity in the brain is widely observed at different levels of observation and is thought to play a key role in processing neural information. Numerous experimental studies support a functional role of neural oscillations; a unified interpretation, however, is still lacking.