Volatile Solvents as Drugs of Abuse: Focus on the Cortico
... become aware that solvents were euphorigenic and could possibly produce psychological dependency (Glaser and Massengale, 1962). It is now widely accepted that volatile solvents are a distinct class of abused drugs, and chronic solvent use can lead to a substance use disorder (abuse or dependence), a ...
... become aware that solvents were euphorigenic and could possibly produce psychological dependency (Glaser and Massengale, 1962). It is now widely accepted that volatile solvents are a distinct class of abused drugs, and chronic solvent use can lead to a substance use disorder (abuse or dependence), a ...
Cognon Neural Model Software Verification and
... terconnected networks of biological neurons can rapidly learn, store and recognize patterns using neural spikes. Numerous models have been proposed to explain this [14], but few have progressed to a stage of hardware implementation while retaining the essential biological character of neurons. The p ...
... terconnected networks of biological neurons can rapidly learn, store and recognize patterns using neural spikes. Numerous models have been proposed to explain this [14], but few have progressed to a stage of hardware implementation while retaining the essential biological character of neurons. The p ...
Chapter 14: Integration of Nervous System Functions
... the incoming sensory stimuli with the outgoing sensory stimuli. intended movements with actual movements. spinal cord activity with the activity of the cerebrum. the right cerebellar hemisphere with the left cerebellar hemisphere. and coordinates rapid, complex movements like figure skating. ...
... the incoming sensory stimuli with the outgoing sensory stimuli. intended movements with actual movements. spinal cord activity with the activity of the cerebrum. the right cerebellar hemisphere with the left cerebellar hemisphere. and coordinates rapid, complex movements like figure skating. ...
AN INTEGRATIVE THEORY OF LOCUS
... slowly conducting (typically <1 m/s; AstonJones et al. 1985). Early studies also reported that LC terminals have nonsynaptic release sites that may provide a paracrine-type of neurotransmission (Beaudet & Descarries 1978, Seguela et al. 1990). NE can have different effects on target neurons, dependi ...
... slowly conducting (typically <1 m/s; AstonJones et al. 1985). Early studies also reported that LC terminals have nonsynaptic release sites that may provide a paracrine-type of neurotransmission (Beaudet & Descarries 1978, Seguela et al. 1990). NE can have different effects on target neurons, dependi ...
Effect of Tactile Inputs on Thalamic Responses to Noxious
... of tactile inputs on thalamic responses to noxious colorectal distension in rat. J Neurophysiol 88: 1185–1196, 2002; 10.1152/jn.00977.2001. Recent discoveries of visceral nociceptive inputs sharing the classical tactile pathway in the dorsal-column medial lemniscus system have opened a new venue for ...
... of tactile inputs on thalamic responses to noxious colorectal distension in rat. J Neurophysiol 88: 1185–1196, 2002; 10.1152/jn.00977.2001. Recent discoveries of visceral nociceptive inputs sharing the classical tactile pathway in the dorsal-column medial lemniscus system have opened a new venue for ...
Neuronal basis of sequential foraging decisions in a
... rewards29–31, a slight over-estimate of travel times or even a status quo bias32. Leaving time was not influenced by travel time on the previous patch (regression of residence time against previous travel time, P = 0.44; Supplementary Data 3 and Supplementary Fig. 2). Monkeys attempting to maximize ...
... rewards29–31, a slight over-estimate of travel times or even a status quo bias32. Leaving time was not influenced by travel time on the previous patch (regression of residence time against previous travel time, P = 0.44; Supplementary Data 3 and Supplementary Fig. 2). Monkeys attempting to maximize ...
Paper - Wharton Marketing
... rewards29–31, a slight over-estimate of travel times or even a status quo bias32. Leaving time was not influenced by travel time on the previous patch (regression of residence time against previous travel time, P = 0.44; Supplementary Data 3 and Supplementary Fig. 2). Monkeys attempting to maximize ...
... rewards29–31, a slight over-estimate of travel times or even a status quo bias32. Leaving time was not influenced by travel time on the previous patch (regression of residence time against previous travel time, P = 0.44; Supplementary Data 3 and Supplementary Fig. 2). Monkeys attempting to maximize ...
Behavioural Brain Research Learning processing in the basal ganglia
... The concept of corticostriatal convergence and disperse repetition of matrisomes in the striatum is in contrast to the concept of segregated and parallel corticostriatal circuits. There is a current debate about which of these concepts better explains corticostriatal functioning [22,72]. Many studie ...
... The concept of corticostriatal convergence and disperse repetition of matrisomes in the striatum is in contrast to the concept of segregated and parallel corticostriatal circuits. There is a current debate about which of these concepts better explains corticostriatal functioning [22,72]. Many studie ...
Representation of Behavioral Tactics and Tactics
... Delay period activity. We calculated the firing rate of neurons during the 500 ms time interval preceding the Go signal onset. If the firing rate in that period was significantly greater ( p ⬍ 0.01 by Mann–Whitney test) than in the control period (500 ms preceding the instruction cue onset), we defi ...
... Delay period activity. We calculated the firing rate of neurons during the 500 ms time interval preceding the Go signal onset. If the firing rate in that period was significantly greater ( p ⬍ 0.01 by Mann–Whitney test) than in the control period (500 ms preceding the instruction cue onset), we defi ...
J.H. Meijer, S. Michel, M.J. Vansteensel
... responses to retinal illumination, with a short phasic component at the onset of light (Meijer et al., 1998; Fig. 4). The response characteristics contrast with those observed in visual brain areas involved in pattern recognition, but correspond with the sustained responses observed in melanopsin co ...
... responses to retinal illumination, with a short phasic component at the onset of light (Meijer et al., 1998; Fig. 4). The response characteristics contrast with those observed in visual brain areas involved in pattern recognition, but correspond with the sustained responses observed in melanopsin co ...
Multiple hypothalamic circuits sense and regulate glucose levels
... responses to extracellular glucose, revealing a strategy for how the brain can directly monitor body energy status (3, 69, 70). Glucose sensing in these glucose-excited and glucose-inhibited neurons was not a general energy-related response, because during examination of a large number of neurons in ...
... responses to extracellular glucose, revealing a strategy for how the brain can directly monitor body energy status (3, 69, 70). Glucose sensing in these glucose-excited and glucose-inhibited neurons was not a general energy-related response, because during examination of a large number of neurons in ...
Reaching beyond the classical receptive field of V1 neurons
... center and surround stimuli of similar orientation and direction, whereas they are less suppressive and can even be facilitatory for center and surround stimuli of orthogonal orientations and opposite directions of motion [20,50,54,56,88,92]. The orientation selectivity of center– surround interacti ...
... center and surround stimuli of similar orientation and direction, whereas they are less suppressive and can even be facilitatory for center and surround stimuli of orthogonal orientations and opposite directions of motion [20,50,54,56,88,92]. The orientation selectivity of center– surround interacti ...
Adaptive Gain and Optimal Performance
... slowly conducting (typically <1 m/s; AstonJones et al. 1985). Early studies also reported that LC terminals have nonsynaptic release sites that may provide a paracrine-type of neurotransmission (Beaudet & Descarries 1978, Seguela et al. 1990). NE can have different effects on target neurons, dependi ...
... slowly conducting (typically <1 m/s; AstonJones et al. 1985). Early studies also reported that LC terminals have nonsynaptic release sites that may provide a paracrine-type of neurotransmission (Beaudet & Descarries 1978, Seguela et al. 1990). NE can have different effects on target neurons, dependi ...
Sensing Limb Movements in the Motor Cortex: How Humans Sense
... brain activity related to the sensory processing of the kinesthetic afferent information from the activity related to the processing of vibration stimuli over the skin per se. In our series of neuroimaging experiments (Naito and others 1999, 2002b, 2002c; Naito and Ehrsson 2001), we adopted two appr ...
... brain activity related to the sensory processing of the kinesthetic afferent information from the activity related to the processing of vibration stimuli over the skin per se. In our series of neuroimaging experiments (Naito and others 1999, 2002b, 2002c; Naito and Ehrsson 2001), we adopted two appr ...
Hunger Modulates the Responses to Gustatory Stimuli
... processes are involved, these will be expedited by glucose which does not need to be metabolized before absorption. In one case 20% blackcurrant juice was used, so as to provide a wider range of information on satiety, and in one case pure apple juice was used, also to test the effects of satiety wi ...
... processes are involved, these will be expedited by glucose which does not need to be metabolized before absorption. In one case 20% blackcurrant juice was used, so as to provide a wider range of information on satiety, and in one case pure apple juice was used, also to test the effects of satiety wi ...
Free recall and recognition in a network model of the... simulating effects of scopolamine on human memory function
... century, anaesthesiologists have been aware that administration of the muscarinic antagonist scopolamine (to decrease respiratory tract secretions in preparation for surgery) often strongly impairs memory [21]. Experimental work has demonstrated a striking impairment of the free recall of lists of w ...
... century, anaesthesiologists have been aware that administration of the muscarinic antagonist scopolamine (to decrease respiratory tract secretions in preparation for surgery) often strongly impairs memory [21]. Experimental work has demonstrated a striking impairment of the free recall of lists of w ...
Review Inhibitory neurotransmission, plasticity and aging in the
... glycinergic inhibitory neurotransmission. As seen in development, age-related changes may be activity dependent. Age-related presynaptic changes in the cochlear nucleus include reduced glycine levels, while in the auditory midbrain and cortex, GABA synthesis and release are altered. Presumably, in r ...
... glycinergic inhibitory neurotransmission. As seen in development, age-related changes may be activity dependent. Age-related presynaptic changes in the cochlear nucleus include reduced glycine levels, while in the auditory midbrain and cortex, GABA synthesis and release are altered. Presumably, in r ...
Neurally Plausible Model of Robot Reaching Inspired by Infant
... cat, Ling Ling, whose presence in my life provides me with an enormous amount of hope and joy. ...
... cat, Ling Ling, whose presence in my life provides me with an enormous amount of hope and joy. ...
Opposite Functions of Histamine H1 and H2 Receptors and H3
... conductance, monitored with 10-mV voltage pulses, was also significantly increased from 5.32 ⫾ 0.46 nS under control to 7.21 ⫾ 0.75 nS (n ⫽ 19, P ⬍ 0.01) during histamine application, suggesting an opening of ion channels. Voltage ramp experiments revealed that histamine increased the whole cell cur ...
... conductance, monitored with 10-mV voltage pulses, was also significantly increased from 5.32 ⫾ 0.46 nS under control to 7.21 ⫾ 0.75 nS (n ⫽ 19, P ⬍ 0.01) during histamine application, suggesting an opening of ion channels. Voltage ramp experiments revealed that histamine increased the whole cell cur ...
