Molecules and mechanisms of dendrite development in Drosophila
... seek to understand the developmental origin of arbor shape and to shed light on the significance of particular morphologies for nervous system connectivity and function. Dendrite morphogenesis consists of a series of interrelated steps, which include outgrowth and branching, guidance and targeting, ...
... seek to understand the developmental origin of arbor shape and to shed light on the significance of particular morphologies for nervous system connectivity and function. Dendrite morphogenesis consists of a series of interrelated steps, which include outgrowth and branching, guidance and targeting, ...
Discrete coding of stimulus value, reward expectation, and reward
... the activity of many neurons was linearly correlated with the reward probability indicated by the CSs. ...
... the activity of many neurons was linearly correlated with the reward probability indicated by the CSs. ...
Coupling in Networks of Neuronal Oscillators (Spring 2015)
... fell into synchrony. Depending on how the two of you started swinging, i.e., the initial “phase difference” between your swings, the two of you would swing either in phase or in anti-phase. Determining the eventual synchronous state of such a network of oscillators becomes quite involved when lookin ...
... fell into synchrony. Depending on how the two of you started swinging, i.e., the initial “phase difference” between your swings, the two of you would swing either in phase or in anti-phase. Determining the eventual synchronous state of such a network of oscillators becomes quite involved when lookin ...
Nicotinic Receptors in Addiction Pathways
... tegmental area, thus regulating the activity of serotonergic and dopamine neurons (Klemm, 2004; Lecourtier and Kelly, 2007). Recent findings of an optogenetic study indicate that MHb cholinergic neurons express glutamate as a cotransmitter and that the two transmitters are released by different mode ...
... tegmental area, thus regulating the activity of serotonergic and dopamine neurons (Klemm, 2004; Lecourtier and Kelly, 2007). Recent findings of an optogenetic study indicate that MHb cholinergic neurons express glutamate as a cotransmitter and that the two transmitters are released by different mode ...
Autonomous and nonautonomous functions for Hox/Pbx in
... at this stage (Fig. 2A–C; n ⫽ 9). In lzr/pbx4⫺/⫺ embryos, application of DiI to axons leaving from r4 labels cell bodies located in r4 and often cells located more anteriorly in r3 and even r2 but rarely r5 and never r6 (Fig. 2D–F; n ⫽ 8). Thus, lzr/pbx4 is required both for the posterior migration ...
... at this stage (Fig. 2A–C; n ⫽ 9). In lzr/pbx4⫺/⫺ embryos, application of DiI to axons leaving from r4 labels cell bodies located in r4 and often cells located more anteriorly in r3 and even r2 but rarely r5 and never r6 (Fig. 2D–F; n ⫽ 8). Thus, lzr/pbx4 is required both for the posterior migration ...
letter - Hanks Lab
... encoding of decision variables in posterior parietal cortex and prefrontal cortex (frontal orienting fields, FOF). We recorded the firing rates of neurons in posterior parietal cortex and FOF from rats performing a perceptual decision-making task. Classical analyses uncovered correlates of accumulat ...
... encoding of decision variables in posterior parietal cortex and prefrontal cortex (frontal orienting fields, FOF). We recorded the firing rates of neurons in posterior parietal cortex and FOF from rats performing a perceptual decision-making task. Classical analyses uncovered correlates of accumulat ...
Axo-axonic synapses formed by somatostatin
... Received 16 February 2001; Revised 18 May 2001; Accepted 25 June 2001 Published online the week of December 17, 2001 ...
... Received 16 February 2001; Revised 18 May 2001; Accepted 25 June 2001 Published online the week of December 17, 2001 ...
Cardiovascular and autonomic modulation by
... component. This statement is based on studies that showed that high frequency oscillations are mostly due to autonomic parasympathetic modulation, whereas the low frequency oscillations are derived, at least in part, from the two components of the ANS, i.e., the sympathetic and parasympathetic compo ...
... component. This statement is based on studies that showed that high frequency oscillations are mostly due to autonomic parasympathetic modulation, whereas the low frequency oscillations are derived, at least in part, from the two components of the ANS, i.e., the sympathetic and parasympathetic compo ...
Vomeronasal Function - Oxford Academic
... Whatever response is generated in vomeronasal receptor involves a general norepinephrine-induced decrease in neurons, it must be carried to the AOB by patterns of action feedback inhibition during mating, presumably by a potentials in vomeronasal afferent axons. Theoretically, a decrease in GABA rel ...
... Whatever response is generated in vomeronasal receptor involves a general norepinephrine-induced decrease in neurons, it must be carried to the AOB by patterns of action feedback inhibition during mating, presumably by a potentials in vomeronasal afferent axons. Theoretically, a decrease in GABA rel ...
Smelling on the fly: sensory cues and strategies for olfactory
... be easily depleted [31]. In addition, high odor concentrations tend to drive more activity in GABAergic interneurons [35], which further decreases the gain of ORNto-PN synapses [36,37]. GABAergic inhibition tends to prevent saturation of PN firing rates, and helps ensure that even intense stimuli re ...
... be easily depleted [31]. In addition, high odor concentrations tend to drive more activity in GABAergic interneurons [35], which further decreases the gain of ORNto-PN synapses [36,37]. GABAergic inhibition tends to prevent saturation of PN firing rates, and helps ensure that even intense stimuli re ...
Spatiotemporal Properties of Eye Position Signals
... Horizontal and vertical eye position signals were directly obtained from the eye coil electronics (Enzanshi Kogyo, MEL-25). Data were digitized at 1 kHz, and were stored in appropriate files during the experiments for further off-line analysis that was performed using Matlab (Mathworks). For each neu ...
... Horizontal and vertical eye position signals were directly obtained from the eye coil electronics (Enzanshi Kogyo, MEL-25). Data were digitized at 1 kHz, and were stored in appropriate files during the experiments for further off-line analysis that was performed using Matlab (Mathworks). For each neu ...
Outputs of Radula Mechanoafferent Neurons in Aplysia are
... the modulation produced by B4/5, whereas excitatory and/or electrical synapses were involved in the other instances. The data indicate that modulation is due to block of action potential invasion into synaptic release regions or to alterations of transmitter release as a function of the presynaptic ...
... the modulation produced by B4/5, whereas excitatory and/or electrical synapses were involved in the other instances. The data indicate that modulation is due to block of action potential invasion into synaptic release regions or to alterations of transmitter release as a function of the presynaptic ...
REFERRED MUSCLE PAIN/HYPERALGESIA AND CENTRAL
... Referred muscle hyperalgesia/trophic changes in a specific body area can also be the result of concurrent algogenic processes in two different visceral domains which share part of their central sensory projection, e.g. female reproductive organs and urinary tract (T10–L1) or heart and gallbladder (T ...
... Referred muscle hyperalgesia/trophic changes in a specific body area can also be the result of concurrent algogenic processes in two different visceral domains which share part of their central sensory projection, e.g. female reproductive organs and urinary tract (T10–L1) or heart and gallbladder (T ...
Medullary control of nociceptive transmission
... Although changes in pain behavior have been demonstrated by manipulation of several brain areas, the main pain control centers are located in the brainstem. The mesencephalic periaqueductal grey (PAG) and the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) are known for long to be implicated in endogenous pain c ...
... Although changes in pain behavior have been demonstrated by manipulation of several brain areas, the main pain control centers are located in the brainstem. The mesencephalic periaqueductal grey (PAG) and the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) are known for long to be implicated in endogenous pain c ...
Document
... • In response to input from the SCN, the pineal gland secretes melatonin during the night. • This melatonin acts back on various structures in the brain (including the SCN, whose cells contain melatonin receptors) and controls hormones, physiological processes, and behaviors that show seasonal varia ...
... • In response to input from the SCN, the pineal gland secretes melatonin during the night. • This melatonin acts back on various structures in the brain (including the SCN, whose cells contain melatonin receptors) and controls hormones, physiological processes, and behaviors that show seasonal varia ...
Saccadic Eye Movements Modulate Visual Responses in the Lateral
... visual structures respond as they do during constant fixation, the resulting barrage of action potentials could disrupt the information that enters the brain soon after each eye movement. Many mammals make fast eye movements, but saccades reach higher velocities and are more frequent in primates tha ...
... visual structures respond as they do during constant fixation, the resulting barrage of action potentials could disrupt the information that enters the brain soon after each eye movement. Many mammals make fast eye movements, but saccades reach higher velocities and are more frequent in primates tha ...