A Cyanobacterial Chlorophyll Synthase-HliD
... separated by SDS-PAGE (Figure 1A). The Coomassie blue– stained bands were digested with trypsin and identified by MS. In addition to the FLAG-ChlG protein used as bait, we identified the Ycf39 homolog Slr0399, the Slr1471 protein belonging to the Alb3/Oxa1/YidC family (hereafter, YidC), the high-light ...
... separated by SDS-PAGE (Figure 1A). The Coomassie blue– stained bands were digested with trypsin and identified by MS. In addition to the FLAG-ChlG protein used as bait, we identified the Ycf39 homolog Slr0399, the Slr1471 protein belonging to the Alb3/Oxa1/YidC family (hereafter, YidC), the high-light ...
Cytoplasmatic Bacterial Membrane Responses to Environmental
... observe an increase of the proportion of long-chain and saturated fatty acids within the membrane. Conversely, short-chain, branched and saturated short chain fatty acids are preferred at lower temperature, as cooler temperatures act to solidify the membrane [13, 17, 36]. At low temperature bacteria ...
... observe an increase of the proportion of long-chain and saturated fatty acids within the membrane. Conversely, short-chain, branched and saturated short chain fatty acids are preferred at lower temperature, as cooler temperatures act to solidify the membrane [13, 17, 36]. At low temperature bacteria ...
isolation and characterization of the membrane
... The membrane envelope enclosing the bacteroids in soybean root nodules is shown by ultrastructural and biochemical studies to be derived from, and to retain the characteristics of, the host cell plasma membrane. During the early stages of the infection process, which occurs through an invagination, ...
... The membrane envelope enclosing the bacteroids in soybean root nodules is shown by ultrastructural and biochemical studies to be derived from, and to retain the characteristics of, the host cell plasma membrane. During the early stages of the infection process, which occurs through an invagination, ...
Part B
... channels regenerate the action potential at each point along the axon, so voltage does not decay. Conduction is slow because movements of ions and of the gates of channel proteins take time and must occur before voltage regeneration occurs. Stimulus Myelin sheath ...
... channels regenerate the action potential at each point along the axon, so voltage does not decay. Conduction is slow because movements of ions and of the gates of channel proteins take time and must occur before voltage regeneration occurs. Stimulus Myelin sheath ...
Characterization of Lipid Rafts from Medicago
... at the bottom of the gradient contained proteins soluble in TX100, which represented up to 88% of the total PM proteins, whereas DIMs represented only 12.0% 6 2.9% (n 5 3; Fig. 2). We carried out monodimensional gel electrophoresis to analyze the protein content of the microsomal fraction, PM, and D ...
... at the bottom of the gradient contained proteins soluble in TX100, which represented up to 88% of the total PM proteins, whereas DIMs represented only 12.0% 6 2.9% (n 5 3; Fig. 2). We carried out monodimensional gel electrophoresis to analyze the protein content of the microsomal fraction, PM, and D ...
MOLECULAR BASIS FOR MEMBRANE PHOSPHOLIPID
... loss of membrane barrier function or cell viability with a particular phospholipid content or composition. Therefore, important progress has been possible in defining the roles of PE, PG, and CL in E. coli. About 5% of the head group of PE and 25% of the head group of PG turn over per generation. Th ...
... loss of membrane barrier function or cell viability with a particular phospholipid content or composition. Therefore, important progress has been possible in defining the roles of PE, PG, and CL in E. coli. About 5% of the head group of PE and 25% of the head group of PG turn over per generation. Th ...
actin filament-membrane attachment: are membrane particles
... actin filaments (38, 39). In these developing spermatids the filaments first appear attached to the acrosomal vacuolar membrane and with time they elongate. Many other cases undoubtedly exist as well, but, in order to distinguish between assembly of filaments from a membrane and secondary attachment ...
... actin filaments (38, 39). In these developing spermatids the filaments first appear attached to the acrosomal vacuolar membrane and with time they elongate. Many other cases undoubtedly exist as well, but, in order to distinguish between assembly of filaments from a membrane and secondary attachment ...
Solubility-enhancing proteins MBP and NusA play a passive role in
... soluble, but this property does not entirely account for their ability to promote the solubility of their fusion partners. It is still uncertain how solubility-enhancing proteins work. Several models have been put forth. One model posits that solubility enhancers exert their eVects by forming large ...
... soluble, but this property does not entirely account for their ability to promote the solubility of their fusion partners. It is still uncertain how solubility-enhancing proteins work. Several models have been put forth. One model posits that solubility enhancers exert their eVects by forming large ...
CHAPTER 10 LIPIDS
... phosphocholine or phosphoethanolamine as their polar head group and are therefore classified along with glycerophospholipids as phospholipids (Fig. 10–7). Sphingomyelin is abundant in myelin sheath(髓鞘)that surrounds some nerve cells in animals (2) Glycosphingolipids, which occur largely in the outer ...
... phosphocholine or phosphoethanolamine as their polar head group and are therefore classified along with glycerophospholipids as phospholipids (Fig. 10–7). Sphingomyelin is abundant in myelin sheath(髓鞘)that surrounds some nerve cells in animals (2) Glycosphingolipids, which occur largely in the outer ...
"VESICLE IN A BASKET" A Morphological Study of
... function as the binding sites of the food from outside . The glycocalyx (3) is supposed to have such functional aspects, and many studies have speculated on the structure and function of the surface coat (4-6) in accord with this supposition . Roth and Porter (7) also suggested that it is more frui ...
... function as the binding sites of the food from outside . The glycocalyx (3) is supposed to have such functional aspects, and many studies have speculated on the structure and function of the surface coat (4-6) in accord with this supposition . Roth and Porter (7) also suggested that it is more frui ...
Molecular Affinity and Permeability of Different Molecular Weight
... protein molecule was too big to pass through the membrane. It was also reported that proteins with MW >70 kDa could not pass through the chitosan membrane (29). Molecular Affinity. Chitosan membrane showed a strong adsorption to the bovine serum protein at pH 7 (2.5% v/v). The main adsorption took p ...
... protein molecule was too big to pass through the membrane. It was also reported that proteins with MW >70 kDa could not pass through the chitosan membrane (29). Molecular Affinity. Chitosan membrane showed a strong adsorption to the bovine serum protein at pH 7 (2.5% v/v). The main adsorption took p ...
C-terminal EH-domain-containing proteins
... NPF motifs, and optimal interaction with EHD1 appears to require the first two of these motifs (Naslavsky et al., 2004). The recently identified EH binding protein 1 (EHBP1) also contains five NPF motifs (Guilherme et al., 2004a). Repeated NPF motifs might strengthen the interactions with EH domains ...
... NPF motifs, and optimal interaction with EHD1 appears to require the first two of these motifs (Naslavsky et al., 2004). The recently identified EH binding protein 1 (EHBP1) also contains five NPF motifs (Guilherme et al., 2004a). Repeated NPF motifs might strengthen the interactions with EH domains ...
Glycerolipid transfer for the building of membranes in plant cells.
... Vesicular and non-vesicular transport systems have been reported in plants as in other eukaryotic cells. The vesicular pathway supports a complex membrane flow which couples lipid and protein movements while non-vesicular pathways require monomeric exchange of single lipid molecules. Unlike the vesi ...
... Vesicular and non-vesicular transport systems have been reported in plants as in other eukaryotic cells. The vesicular pathway supports a complex membrane flow which couples lipid and protein movements while non-vesicular pathways require monomeric exchange of single lipid molecules. Unlike the vesi ...
Anatomy of the red cell membrane skeleton: unanswered questions
... flexibility to survive in the circulation. In the 36 years since the first primative model of the red cell skeleton was proposed, many additional proteins have been discovered and their structures and interactions have been defined. But myriad questions about the skeleton’s structure remain and almo ...
... flexibility to survive in the circulation. In the 36 years since the first primative model of the red cell skeleton was proposed, many additional proteins have been discovered and their structures and interactions have been defined. But myriad questions about the skeleton’s structure remain and almo ...
Zhen jin liprin protein regulates differentiation of presynmaptic termini c elegans nature 1999
... total number of vesicles per synapse and the number of vesicles at the prominent active zones were comparable to those in wild-type animals. Synaptic transmission is partially impaired in syd-2 mutants. syd-2 encodes a member of the liprin (for LAR-interacting protein) family of proteins which inter ...
... total number of vesicles per synapse and the number of vesicles at the prominent active zones were comparable to those in wild-type animals. Synaptic transmission is partially impaired in syd-2 mutants. syd-2 encodes a member of the liprin (for LAR-interacting protein) family of proteins which inter ...
Conservation of inner nuclear membrane targeting sequences in
... NLS region that we tested was Pom121 (Doucet et al., 2010; Yavuz et al., 2010; Funakoshi et al., 2011). Pom121 is a singlepass membrane protein with a small lume nal domain at the N-terminus and a large C-terminal extralumenal domain. The NLS region of Pom121, containing four or five boxes of basic ...
... NLS region that we tested was Pom121 (Doucet et al., 2010; Yavuz et al., 2010; Funakoshi et al., 2011). Pom121 is a singlepass membrane protein with a small lume nal domain at the N-terminus and a large C-terminal extralumenal domain. The NLS region of Pom121, containing four or five boxes of basic ...
University of Groningen The Plasma Membrane of
... (PE), phosphatidylinositol (PI), and phosphatidylserine (PS) (36). In erythrocyte membranes, PE, PI, and PS are also preferentially located in the internal leaflet, while the external leaflet is enriched in phosphatidylcholine (PC) and sphingolipids (138). A striking feature of the plasma membrane l ...
... (PE), phosphatidylinositol (PI), and phosphatidylserine (PS) (36). In erythrocyte membranes, PE, PI, and PS are also preferentially located in the internal leaflet, while the external leaflet is enriched in phosphatidylcholine (PC) and sphingolipids (138). A striking feature of the plasma membrane l ...
Formation of Complement Membrane Attack Complex in Mammalian
... The complement system consists of ⬎30 proteins that interact in a carefully regulated manner to destroy invading bacteria and prevent the deposition of immune complexes in normal tissue. This complex system can be activated by diverse mechanisms proceeding through distinct pathways, yet all converge ...
... The complement system consists of ⬎30 proteins that interact in a carefully regulated manner to destroy invading bacteria and prevent the deposition of immune complexes in normal tissue. This complex system can be activated by diverse mechanisms proceeding through distinct pathways, yet all converge ...
The Action Potential, Synaptic Transmission, and Maintenance of
... CNS or Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system, the PNS). Regular intermittent gaps in the myelin sheath are called nodes of Ranvier. The speed with which an axon conducts information is directly proportional to the size of the axon and the thickness of the myelin sheath. The end of the axon, ...
... CNS or Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system, the PNS). Regular intermittent gaps in the myelin sheath are called nodes of Ranvier. The speed with which an axon conducts information is directly proportional to the size of the axon and the thickness of the myelin sheath. The end of the axon, ...
Exploring Bioinorganic Pattern Formation in Diatoms. A Story of
... also tightly bound to silica and can only be removed from diatom cell walls following the solubilization of silica with hydrogen fluoride. Pleuralins are encoded by a small multigene family and are characterized by the presence of repeated amino acid motifs. It is interesting that the localization o ...
... also tightly bound to silica and can only be removed from diatom cell walls following the solubilization of silica with hydrogen fluoride. Pleuralins are encoded by a small multigene family and are characterized by the presence of repeated amino acid motifs. It is interesting that the localization o ...
Functional Characterization of the 180
... A combination of strategies was used to isolate and assemble a full-length clone encoding RRp. A 3.7-kb clone, representing the 3' end of the m R N A , was isolated from an M D C K cell c D N A expression library using a rabbit antiRRp antiserum (Savitz and Meyer, 1990). The primary structure deduce ...
... A combination of strategies was used to isolate and assemble a full-length clone encoding RRp. A 3.7-kb clone, representing the 3' end of the m R N A , was isolated from an M D C K cell c D N A expression library using a rabbit antiRRp antiserum (Savitz and Meyer, 1990). The primary structure deduce ...
nerve local potentials and action potentials - Peer
... $500: Local potentials are this because as long as there is incoming signal, there is a local potential, but when the signal goes away, the membrane potential quickly returns to normal. Category 3: And Action! $100: This is where action potentials begin. $200: We say that action potentials are this ...
... $500: Local potentials are this because as long as there is incoming signal, there is a local potential, but when the signal goes away, the membrane potential quickly returns to normal. Category 3: And Action! $100: This is where action potentials begin. $200: We say that action potentials are this ...
Student Handout 1 Key - 3D Molecular Designs
... the air/water interface was then determined. The results of their experiment showed that the surface area of the lipid monolayer was twice that occupied by the erythrocyte plasma membrane, leading to the conclusion that the plasma membrane consists of lipid bilayers. The most abundant lipids in most ...
... the air/water interface was then determined. The results of their experiment showed that the surface area of the lipid monolayer was twice that occupied by the erythrocyte plasma membrane, leading to the conclusion that the plasma membrane consists of lipid bilayers. The most abundant lipids in most ...
Biogenesis of hepatitis C virus envelope glycoproteins
... and proteins normally expressed at the cell surface, it has been shown that the TM domain of E2 is a signal for ER retention (Cocquerel et al., 1998 ; Flint et al., 1999 ; Forns et al., 2000 ; Patel et al., 2001 ; Takikawa et al., 2000). A similar approach has also been used to show that the TM doma ...
... and proteins normally expressed at the cell surface, it has been shown that the TM domain of E2 is a signal for ER retention (Cocquerel et al., 1998 ; Flint et al., 1999 ; Forns et al., 2000 ; Patel et al., 2001 ; Takikawa et al., 2000). A similar approach has also been used to show that the TM doma ...
SNARE (protein)
SNARE proteins (an acronym derived from ""SNAP (Soluble NSF Attachment Protein) REceptor"") are a large protein superfamily consisting of more than 60 members in yeast and mammalian cells. The primary role of SNARE proteins is to mediate vesicle fusion, that is, the fusion of vesicles with their target membrane bound compartments (such as a lysosome). The best studied SNAREs are those that mediate docking of synaptic vesicles with the presynaptic membrane in neurons. These SNAREs are the targets of the bacterial neurotoxins responsible for botulism and tetanus.