Cloning and functional expression of B chains of β
... that are concerned with regulating neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission [10–12]. Moreover, the β-Bgt-binding proteins, which were suggested to be a member of a family of voltage-gated K+ channels, have been isolated from chick and rat brains [13–19]. Nevertheless, the roles of the A and B ...
... that are concerned with regulating neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission [10–12]. Moreover, the β-Bgt-binding proteins, which were suggested to be a member of a family of voltage-gated K+ channels, have been isolated from chick and rat brains [13–19]. Nevertheless, the roles of the A and B ...
CYTOKINESIS IN HIGHER PLANTS
... consist of membrane-anchored v-SNAREs on the vesicle membrane and t-SNAREs on the target membrane, which form 4-helical bundles by association of their coiled-coil domains. In cell plate formation, neither Rab GTPases nor Rab effectors have been identified, although electron tomographic evidence sugg ...
... consist of membrane-anchored v-SNAREs on the vesicle membrane and t-SNAREs on the target membrane, which form 4-helical bundles by association of their coiled-coil domains. In cell plate formation, neither Rab GTPases nor Rab effectors have been identified, although electron tomographic evidence sugg ...
Diverse Effects of Mutations in the Signal Sequence on the Secretion of b-lactamase in Salmonella typhimurium.
... that signalsequence mutations can affect more than one step in the secretion process, and that processing of the signal peptide is not required for the protein to be translocated (at least partially) across the inner membrane. Introduction Most secreted proteins in procaryotes and eucaryotes are syn ...
... that signalsequence mutations can affect more than one step in the secretion process, and that processing of the signal peptide is not required for the protein to be translocated (at least partially) across the inner membrane. Introduction Most secreted proteins in procaryotes and eucaryotes are syn ...
Localization of growth and secretion of proteins in
... of glucoamylase secretion, sandwiched colonies grown in 2% agarose were fixed in 4% (w/v) paraformaldehyde or 25% (w/v) trichloroacetic acid (TCA) for 2 h at 4 "C. After removal of the polycarbonate membranes the agarose slabs were washed six times for 5 rnin with phosphate-buffered saline, pH 7.0 ( ...
... of glucoamylase secretion, sandwiched colonies grown in 2% agarose were fixed in 4% (w/v) paraformaldehyde or 25% (w/v) trichloroacetic acid (TCA) for 2 h at 4 "C. After removal of the polycarbonate membranes the agarose slabs were washed six times for 5 rnin with phosphate-buffered saline, pH 7.0 ( ...
12-4 Membrane Potential
... The Resting Potential o The sodium–potassium exchange pump ejects 3 Na+ ions for every 2 K+ ions that it brings into the cell It serves to stabilize the resting potential when the ratio of Na + entry to K+ loss through passive channels is 3:2 o At the normal resting potential, these passive and ac ...
... The Resting Potential o The sodium–potassium exchange pump ejects 3 Na+ ions for every 2 K+ ions that it brings into the cell It serves to stabilize the resting potential when the ratio of Na + entry to K+ loss through passive channels is 3:2 o At the normal resting potential, these passive and ac ...
Cytokinesis in Higher Plants
... consist of membrane-anchored v-SNAREs on the vesicle membrane and t-SNAREs on the target membrane, which form 4-helical bundles by association of their coiled-coil domains. In cell plate formation, neither Rab GTPases nor Rab effectors have been identified, although electron tomographic evidence sugg ...
... consist of membrane-anchored v-SNAREs on the vesicle membrane and t-SNAREs on the target membrane, which form 4-helical bundles by association of their coiled-coil domains. In cell plate formation, neither Rab GTPases nor Rab effectors have been identified, although electron tomographic evidence sugg ...
A domain-specific usherin/collagen IV interaction may be required
... fibronectin type III repeats. These domains, of approximately 100 amino acids, are shared with at least 45 different families of molecules ranging from cytokine receptors to cell surface binding proteins. Different type III domains may be almost completely dissimilar at the amino acid level and as m ...
... fibronectin type III repeats. These domains, of approximately 100 amino acids, are shared with at least 45 different families of molecules ranging from cytokine receptors to cell surface binding proteins. Different type III domains may be almost completely dissimilar at the amino acid level and as m ...
Microbial Cell Structure and Function
... • Membranes are an absolute requirement for all living organisms • Plasma membrane encompasses the cytoplasm • Some procaryotes also have internal membrane systems ...
... • Membranes are an absolute requirement for all living organisms • Plasma membrane encompasses the cytoplasm • Some procaryotes also have internal membrane systems ...
Protein sorting at the ER–Golgi interface
... also known as coatomer, consists of seven subunits (α, β, β', γ, δ, ε, and ζ-COP), which are recruited as an intact complex to membranes (Hara-Kuge et al., 1994). Coatomer can be biochemically divided into two subcomplexes: a trimer composed of α, β', and ε, named the B-subcomplex; and a tetramer, c ...
... also known as coatomer, consists of seven subunits (α, β, β', γ, δ, ε, and ζ-COP), which are recruited as an intact complex to membranes (Hara-Kuge et al., 1994). Coatomer can be biochemically divided into two subcomplexes: a trimer composed of α, β', and ε, named the B-subcomplex; and a tetramer, c ...
Vesicle trafficking dynamics and visualization of zones of exocytosis
... Pollen tubes are one of the fastest growing eukaryotic cells. Rapid anisotropic growth is supported by highly active exocytosis and endocytosis at the plasma membrane, but the subcellular localization of these sites is unknown. To understand molecular processes involved in pollen tube growth, it is ...
... Pollen tubes are one of the fastest growing eukaryotic cells. Rapid anisotropic growth is supported by highly active exocytosis and endocytosis at the plasma membrane, but the subcellular localization of these sites is unknown. To understand molecular processes involved in pollen tube growth, it is ...
PDZ proteins retain and regulate membrane transporters in
... located in late endosomes. In contrast, ClC-3B primarily resides in the Golgi apparatus and is identical to ClC-3A, except for its COOH terminus, which contains a class I PDZ ligand (S⫺3-T⫺2-T⫺1-L0) that interacts with GOPC as well as NHERF-1 (15, 51). Overexpression of GOPC has a dual effect on ClC ...
... located in late endosomes. In contrast, ClC-3B primarily resides in the Golgi apparatus and is identical to ClC-3A, except for its COOH terminus, which contains a class I PDZ ligand (S⫺3-T⫺2-T⫺1-L0) that interacts with GOPC as well as NHERF-1 (15, 51). Overexpression of GOPC has a dual effect on ClC ...
Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate Formation at ER Exit Sites
... from the ER, whereas the catalytically inactive mutant (Sac1C392S) had no effect (Figure 2G). The inhibitory effect was reproduced in morphological ER export assays. Sac1 quantitatively delayed the cytosol-dependent mobilization of VSV-Gts to VTCs as analyzed by IF in permeabilized VSV-Gts expressin ...
... from the ER, whereas the catalytically inactive mutant (Sac1C392S) had no effect (Figure 2G). The inhibitory effect was reproduced in morphological ER export assays. Sac1 quantitatively delayed the cytosol-dependent mobilization of VSV-Gts to VTCs as analyzed by IF in permeabilized VSV-Gts expressin ...
Isolation and Chemical Characterization of Plasma Membranes from
... The yeast-mycelium transformation in Candida albicans occurs under a variety of conditions and has been shown to be dependent on the nature of the carbon and energy source (Nickerson & Mankowski, I953), the glucose/phosphate ratio (Widra, I 964), the incubation temperature (Chattaway, Holmes & Barlo ...
... The yeast-mycelium transformation in Candida albicans occurs under a variety of conditions and has been shown to be dependent on the nature of the carbon and energy source (Nickerson & Mankowski, I953), the glucose/phosphate ratio (Widra, I 964), the incubation temperature (Chattaway, Holmes & Barlo ...
CYTOKINESIS IN HIGHER PLANTS
... consist of membrane-anchored v-SNAREs on the vesicle membrane and t-SNAREs on the target membrane, which form 4-helical bundles by association of their coiled-coil domains. In cell plate formation, neither Rab GTPases nor Rab effectors have been identified, although electron tomographic evidence sugg ...
... consist of membrane-anchored v-SNAREs on the vesicle membrane and t-SNAREs on the target membrane, which form 4-helical bundles by association of their coiled-coil domains. In cell plate formation, neither Rab GTPases nor Rab effectors have been identified, although electron tomographic evidence sugg ...
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... design. They additionally require means of energy conversion to produce the chemical energy essential to function, similar to the reactions performed by molecular machinery within mitochondria and chloroplasts of living cells. Integral membrane proteins traversing the bounding membrane may be requir ...
... design. They additionally require means of energy conversion to produce the chemical energy essential to function, similar to the reactions performed by molecular machinery within mitochondria and chloroplasts of living cells. Integral membrane proteins traversing the bounding membrane may be requir ...
Fast and simple purification of GST fusion proteins using prepacked
... Fig 3. SDS-PAGE analysis of a GST fusion protein purified with GSTrap affinity columns. A cytoplasmic extract from an E. coli culture expressing a GST fusion protein was loaded onto GSTrap 1 ml and GSTrap 5 ml columns (8 ml and 40 ml of lysate, respectively). Fusion protein was eluted using 10 mM re ...
... Fig 3. SDS-PAGE analysis of a GST fusion protein purified with GSTrap affinity columns. A cytoplasmic extract from an E. coli culture expressing a GST fusion protein was loaded onto GSTrap 1 ml and GSTrap 5 ml columns (8 ml and 40 ml of lysate, respectively). Fusion protein was eluted using 10 mM re ...
Ammodytoxins, Potent Presynaptic Neurotoxins
... presynaptic membrane and enter the nerve ending through different import systems (7). In the nerve cell, they may impair the cycling of synaptic vesicles by phospholipid hydrolysis (8) and by binding to specific protein targets such as calmodulin (9, 10) and 14-3-3 proteins (11) in the cytosol and R ...
... presynaptic membrane and enter the nerve ending through different import systems (7). In the nerve cell, they may impair the cycling of synaptic vesicles by phospholipid hydrolysis (8) and by binding to specific protein targets such as calmodulin (9, 10) and 14-3-3 proteins (11) in the cytosol and R ...
Innexin7a forms junctions that stabilize the basal
... canal (Fig. 3E). We conclude that furrow canals are also present in Tribolium. However, in contrast to Drosophila, the furrow canals are not heavily enriched with actin. Neither phalloidin nor an actin antibody could detect conspicuous actin enrichment at the bases of the ingressing membrane (Fig. 3 ...
... canal (Fig. 3E). We conclude that furrow canals are also present in Tribolium. However, in contrast to Drosophila, the furrow canals are not heavily enriched with actin. Neither phalloidin nor an actin antibody could detect conspicuous actin enrichment at the bases of the ingressing membrane (Fig. 3 ...
Scavenging of 14-3-3 proteins reveals their involvement in the cell
... al., 2003). Thus, we next asked whether 14-3-3 scavenging only affected the cell-surface transport of KATP channels when Arg-based signals are present in the channel complex. For these experiments, we used a SUR1-Kir6.2 fusion protein, in which the C-terminus of SUR1 was linked to the N-terminus of ...
... al., 2003). Thus, we next asked whether 14-3-3 scavenging only affected the cell-surface transport of KATP channels when Arg-based signals are present in the channel complex. For these experiments, we used a SUR1-Kir6.2 fusion protein, in which the C-terminus of SUR1 was linked to the N-terminus of ...
The Plasma Membrane - Beck-Shop
... is well recognized that cells are highly organized with organelles having specific functions; examination of the plasma membrane demonstrates this structural precision also at the molecular level. The biologist readily focuses on the roles of lipid–protein interactions; however, it is equally importa ...
... is well recognized that cells are highly organized with organelles having specific functions; examination of the plasma membrane demonstrates this structural precision also at the molecular level. The biologist readily focuses on the roles of lipid–protein interactions; however, it is equally importa ...
Effect of the Viral Proteins on the Fluidity of the Membrane Lipids in
... assumption that label I is localized in the plasma membrane of whole cells is based on the observation that during measurements in whole cells the paramagnetism of I is destroyed with a half-time of approximately 30 minutes. It is assumed that the oss of label signal is due to chemical reduction whe ...
... assumption that label I is localized in the plasma membrane of whole cells is based on the observation that during measurements in whole cells the paramagnetism of I is destroyed with a half-time of approximately 30 minutes. It is assumed that the oss of label signal is due to chemical reduction whe ...
Plasma membrane microdomains from hybrid aspen cells are
... been extensively studied during the last decade. More recently, DRMs that exhibit similar biochemical properties as animal DRMs have been isolated from several plants including tobacco [12,13], Arabidopsis [14] and Medicago truncatula [15]. But despite this progress, plant DRMs are still poorly char ...
... been extensively studied during the last decade. More recently, DRMs that exhibit similar biochemical properties as animal DRMs have been isolated from several plants including tobacco [12,13], Arabidopsis [14] and Medicago truncatula [15]. But despite this progress, plant DRMs are still poorly char ...
Nonlysosomal Vesicles (Acidosomes) Are Involved
... (The typical fluorescence-probe techniques used by others are n o t useable below pH 4 such as is attained in digestive vacuoles of Paramecium.) Half of the cells formed at least one digestive vacuole during this pre-CB pulse. At predetermined intervals aliquots of cells were removed, spread on albu ...
... (The typical fluorescence-probe techniques used by others are n o t useable below pH 4 such as is attained in digestive vacuoles of Paramecium.) Half of the cells formed at least one digestive vacuole during this pre-CB pulse. At predetermined intervals aliquots of cells were removed, spread on albu ...
SNARE (protein)
SNARE proteins (an acronym derived from ""SNAP (Soluble NSF Attachment Protein) REceptor"") are a large protein superfamily consisting of more than 60 members in yeast and mammalian cells. The primary role of SNARE proteins is to mediate vesicle fusion, that is, the fusion of vesicles with their target membrane bound compartments (such as a lysosome). The best studied SNAREs are those that mediate docking of synaptic vesicles with the presynaptic membrane in neurons. These SNAREs are the targets of the bacterial neurotoxins responsible for botulism and tetanus.