Chapter 3 PowerPoint
... A phagocytic cell comes in contact with the foreign object and sends pseudopodia (cytoplasmic extensions) around it. ...
... A phagocytic cell comes in contact with the foreign object and sends pseudopodia (cytoplasmic extensions) around it. ...
Phagosome maturation in unicellular eukaryote Paramecium: the
... endocytic pathways and intracellular traffic (Kornfeld and Mellman 1989; Gruenberg 2001; Luzio et al. 2003). Digestion capability of phagosomes is acquired in the process of maturation that culminates in the fusion of phagosomes with lysosomes leading to formation of the phagolysosomes (Desjardins e ...
... endocytic pathways and intracellular traffic (Kornfeld and Mellman 1989; Gruenberg 2001; Luzio et al. 2003). Digestion capability of phagosomes is acquired in the process of maturation that culminates in the fusion of phagosomes with lysosomes leading to formation of the phagolysosomes (Desjardins e ...
the resting membrane potential
... separating solutions in two compartments by the very short-distance, non-conducting, hydrophobic core of the membrane (=3 nm). • Charge separation across the membrane leads to an electric field across the membrane. • This electric field gives rise to the measured membrane potential. ...
... separating solutions in two compartments by the very short-distance, non-conducting, hydrophobic core of the membrane (=3 nm). • Charge separation across the membrane leads to an electric field across the membrane. • This electric field gives rise to the measured membrane potential. ...
Transporters of nucleotide sugars, nucleotide
... A combination of genetics and overexpression of wild-type and ...
... A combination of genetics and overexpression of wild-type and ...
Periplasmic folding factors in Gram-negative bacteria
... Bacteria can be divided into two groups depending on the architecture of their cell envelope. Grampositive bacteria have a single membrane surrounded by the peptidoglycan cell wall (1). Gramnegative bacteria have a more complex cell envelope structure consisting of two membranes with the peptidoglyc ...
... Bacteria can be divided into two groups depending on the architecture of their cell envelope. Grampositive bacteria have a single membrane surrounded by the peptidoglycan cell wall (1). Gramnegative bacteria have a more complex cell envelope structure consisting of two membranes with the peptidoglyc ...
Autophagy in Plasmodium, a multifunctional pathway?
... while Atg13 appears absent. The C-terminal Atg13-binding domain is also missing from PfAtg1. It contains several potential Atg8interacting motifs, which mediate Atg1 binding to Atg8 in an Atg13independent manner in yeast and humans [32]. PfVps34 exists in P. falciparum and is one of the better-chara ...
... while Atg13 appears absent. The C-terminal Atg13-binding domain is also missing from PfAtg1. It contains several potential Atg8interacting motifs, which mediate Atg1 binding to Atg8 in an Atg13independent manner in yeast and humans [32]. PfVps34 exists in P. falciparum and is one of the better-chara ...
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... the enzyme that synthesizes GalCer, which is the precursor of only a few other lipids like sulfatide (HSO3 -3 GalCer). These mice live, but male mice were unable to breed, which reflects a function of galactolipids in spermatogenesis (95). In addition, such mice displayed compromised nerve fuction ( ...
... the enzyme that synthesizes GalCer, which is the precursor of only a few other lipids like sulfatide (HSO3 -3 GalCer). These mice live, but male mice were unable to breed, which reflects a function of galactolipids in spermatogenesis (95). In addition, such mice displayed compromised nerve fuction ( ...
The Cell Membrane
... A phagocytic cell comes in contact with the foreign object and sends pseudopodia (cytoplasmic extensions) around it. ...
... A phagocytic cell comes in contact with the foreign object and sends pseudopodia (cytoplasmic extensions) around it. ...
lipid raft
... cholesterol & sphingolipids surrounded by regions that are primarily phospholipids The mobility of the cholesterol-rich regions leads to the term lipid raft ...
... cholesterol & sphingolipids surrounded by regions that are primarily phospholipids The mobility of the cholesterol-rich regions leads to the term lipid raft ...
11-1 FUNCTIONS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM 1. Sensory input
... Types of Neurons FIGURE 11.5 1. There are three types of neurons based on their structure. A. Multipolar neurons have several dendrites and one axon. B. Bipolar neurons have one dendrite and one axon. C. Unipolar neurons have one axon. 1) During development unipolar neurons were originally bipolar n ...
... Types of Neurons FIGURE 11.5 1. There are three types of neurons based on their structure. A. Multipolar neurons have several dendrites and one axon. B. Bipolar neurons have one dendrite and one axon. C. Unipolar neurons have one axon. 1) During development unipolar neurons were originally bipolar n ...
Mice lacking synaptophysin reproduce and form typical synaptic
... The synaptophysin gene was isolated from a phage )~-Fix II library derived from SV129 mice (Stratagene, La Jolla, Calif.) by using the radioactively labeled BamHIlHindIII insert of the rat synaptophysinencoding cDNA clone pSR5 (Leube et al. 1987).One of the isolated phage clones 0~GSM1) was analyzed ...
... The synaptophysin gene was isolated from a phage )~-Fix II library derived from SV129 mice (Stratagene, La Jolla, Calif.) by using the radioactively labeled BamHIlHindIII insert of the rat synaptophysinencoding cDNA clone pSR5 (Leube et al. 1987).One of the isolated phage clones 0~GSM1) was analyzed ...
Structure and mechanism of ATP-dependent phospholipid transporters
... TM6 of the other half. In this conformation, a 2-fold pseudo-symmetry can be observed for TM1-3 with respect to TM4-6 for each individual TMD [38–40]. During catalysis, the TMDs suffer extensive structural rearrangement establishing a new interaction surface that changes the orientation of the expos ...
... TM6 of the other half. In this conformation, a 2-fold pseudo-symmetry can be observed for TM1-3 with respect to TM4-6 for each individual TMD [38–40]. During catalysis, the TMDs suffer extensive structural rearrangement establishing a new interaction surface that changes the orientation of the expos ...
Cell wall synthesis is necessary for membrane dynamics during
... A central question in cell biology is the nature of the forces driving membrane movement. During endocytosis, the cellular membrane invaginates and ultimately forms a ...
... A central question in cell biology is the nature of the forces driving membrane movement. During endocytosis, the cellular membrane invaginates and ultimately forms a ...
Structure of the Transmembrane Cysteine Residues in
... the regulation of the resident Ca2+ ATPase. Phospholamban’s affinity towards the Ca2+ ATPase is reduced upon phosphorylation suggesting that regulation may occur by way of an inhibitory association between the two proteins (James et al., 1989). In addition, phospholamban has been shown to be a Ca2+ ...
... the regulation of the resident Ca2+ ATPase. Phospholamban’s affinity towards the Ca2+ ATPase is reduced upon phosphorylation suggesting that regulation may occur by way of an inhibitory association between the two proteins (James et al., 1989). In addition, phospholamban has been shown to be a Ca2+ ...
Areas of Adhesion between Wall and Membrane of
... shrunk; thus bridges or ‘ducts ’ were formed which maintained a connexion between the protoplast and localized areas at the inside of the wall (Pl. I, fig. I, 2 ; P1. 2, fig. 5). In a plasmolysed bacterium the contour of the cell surface in an area of intimate contact between wall and membrane was s ...
... shrunk; thus bridges or ‘ducts ’ were formed which maintained a connexion between the protoplast and localized areas at the inside of the wall (Pl. I, fig. I, 2 ; P1. 2, fig. 5). In a plasmolysed bacterium the contour of the cell surface in an area of intimate contact between wall and membrane was s ...
EVOLUTIONARILY RELATED INSERTION PATHWAYS OF
... forms. Uncleaved signal sequences, like cleavable leader sequences, initiate Cterminal translocation of the polypeptide chain but remain as membrane anchor regions. A well-characterized protein with such a topogenic sequence is the Escherichia coli leader peptidase (Dalbey & Wickner 1987, Dalbey et ...
... forms. Uncleaved signal sequences, like cleavable leader sequences, initiate Cterminal translocation of the polypeptide chain but remain as membrane anchor regions. A well-characterized protein with such a topogenic sequence is the Escherichia coli leader peptidase (Dalbey & Wickner 1987, Dalbey et ...
Lipid interaction of the C terminus and association of the
... membranes, is required for the remodeling of organelles, including the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. Both organelles contain membrane tubules that are connected into a network by homotypic fusion (1, 2). Much less is known about this process than about heterotypic fusion, which occurs ...
... membranes, is required for the remodeling of organelles, including the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. Both organelles contain membrane tubules that are connected into a network by homotypic fusion (1, 2). Much less is known about this process than about heterotypic fusion, which occurs ...
An inside-out origin for the eukaryotic cell
... We speculate that positive curvature at the protrusion’s base was first stabilized by proteins containing seven-blade β-propeller domains homologous to Coat Protein II (COPII)-like proteins that form the outer ring of the nuclear pore complex (NPC) (Figures 1B,C). Many proteins with seven-blade β-pr ...
... We speculate that positive curvature at the protrusion’s base was first stabilized by proteins containing seven-blade β-propeller domains homologous to Coat Protein II (COPII)-like proteins that form the outer ring of the nuclear pore complex (NPC) (Figures 1B,C). Many proteins with seven-blade β-pr ...
Slide 1
... enzymes safely isolating them from the rest of the cytoplasm. -fuse to food vacuoles and digest the contents. -fuse to “captured” vacuoles and ...
... enzymes safely isolating them from the rest of the cytoplasm. -fuse to food vacuoles and digest the contents. -fuse to “captured” vacuoles and ...
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... C) water movement is tied to ATP hydrolysis. D) it is a small, polar, charged molecule. E) it moves through aquaporins in the membrane. Answer: E Topic: Concept 5.2 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension Learning Outcome: 5.2 27) Celery stalks that are immersed in fresh water for several hours become stiff ...
... C) water movement is tied to ATP hydrolysis. D) it is a small, polar, charged molecule. E) it moves through aquaporins in the membrane. Answer: E Topic: Concept 5.2 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension Learning Outcome: 5.2 27) Celery stalks that are immersed in fresh water for several hours become stiff ...
SNARE (protein)
SNARE proteins (an acronym derived from ""SNAP (Soluble NSF Attachment Protein) REceptor"") are a large protein superfamily consisting of more than 60 members in yeast and mammalian cells. The primary role of SNARE proteins is to mediate vesicle fusion, that is, the fusion of vesicles with their target membrane bound compartments (such as a lysosome). The best studied SNAREs are those that mediate docking of synaptic vesicles with the presynaptic membrane in neurons. These SNAREs are the targets of the bacterial neurotoxins responsible for botulism and tetanus.