cellular and subcellular mechanisms of cardiac pacemaker oscillations
... Rhythmic oscillations in the membrane potential of heart cells are important in normal cardiac pacemaker activity as well as cardiac arrhythmias. Two fundamentally different mechanisms of oscillatory activity can be distinguished at the cellular and subcellular level. The first mechanism, referred t ...
... Rhythmic oscillations in the membrane potential of heart cells are important in normal cardiac pacemaker activity as well as cardiac arrhythmias. Two fundamentally different mechanisms of oscillatory activity can be distinguished at the cellular and subcellular level. The first mechanism, referred t ...
Det här verket är upphovrättskyddat enligt Lagen (1960
... Engström, Gunnar. Studies on exocytosis and endocytosis in thyroid follicle cells. Department of Anatomy, University of Göteborg, Göteborg, Sweden. The thyroid follicle cell synthesizes thyroglobulin which is trans ferred through the apical part of the cell in vesicles. These vesicles (exocytotic v ...
... Engström, Gunnar. Studies on exocytosis and endocytosis in thyroid follicle cells. Department of Anatomy, University of Göteborg, Göteborg, Sweden. The thyroid follicle cell synthesizes thyroglobulin which is trans ferred through the apical part of the cell in vesicles. These vesicles (exocytotic v ...
Specification sheet
... Glycophorin A, also known as CD235a, is the major intrinsic membrane protein of the erythrocyte. The Nterminal glycosylated segment, which lies outside of the erythrocyte membrane, has MN blood group receptors. It is important for the function of SLC4A1 and required for the high activity of SLC4A1. ...
... Glycophorin A, also known as CD235a, is the major intrinsic membrane protein of the erythrocyte. The Nterminal glycosylated segment, which lies outside of the erythrocyte membrane, has MN blood group receptors. It is important for the function of SLC4A1 and required for the high activity of SLC4A1. ...
Lens Major Intrinsic Protein (MIP)
... al., 1989). This is in sharp contrast to the structure of gap junctions, where two hemichannels (connexons) span both cell membranes. Finally, the intercellular space is much narrower than that in gap junctions (0.5-0.7 vs 3-5 nm). Thus, the 11-13-nm junctions are not gap junctions, and MIP is proba ...
... al., 1989). This is in sharp contrast to the structure of gap junctions, where two hemichannels (connexons) span both cell membranes. Finally, the intercellular space is much narrower than that in gap junctions (0.5-0.7 vs 3-5 nm). Thus, the 11-13-nm junctions are not gap junctions, and MIP is proba ...
Characterization of rat epimorphin/syntaxin 2 expression suggests a
... (40 cycles) was performed using Taq polymerase. As predicted, a 350-bp fragment was isolated. Complete sequence analysis of this partial cDNA revealed 96% nucleic acid identity with mouse epimorphin and 100% identity with rat syntaxin 2 (3). RNase protection assays. We determined by Northern blot an ...
... (40 cycles) was performed using Taq polymerase. As predicted, a 350-bp fragment was isolated. Complete sequence analysis of this partial cDNA revealed 96% nucleic acid identity with mouse epimorphin and 100% identity with rat syntaxin 2 (3). RNase protection assays. We determined by Northern blot an ...
Marginally hydrophobic transmembrane helices shaping membrane protein folding
... must be maintained within an appropriate range and can be adjusted depending on the changes in environmental conditions (16,17) . To achieve this, different types of lipids are needed, albeit membrane lipids share the same general structure with one polar and one non-polar region. Phospholipids are t ...
... must be maintained within an appropriate range and can be adjusted depending on the changes in environmental conditions (16,17) . To achieve this, different types of lipids are needed, albeit membrane lipids share the same general structure with one polar and one non-polar region. Phospholipids are t ...
Manual
... solution) is added to the cooled down emulsion and vortexed for 30 s. This step helps in formation of aqueous droplets surrounded by lipid molecules.The solution is allowed to stand for 30-45 minutes to stablise the droplets 4) The droplet emulsion is now gently placed on top of the solution intende ...
... solution) is added to the cooled down emulsion and vortexed for 30 s. This step helps in formation of aqueous droplets surrounded by lipid molecules.The solution is allowed to stand for 30-45 minutes to stablise the droplets 4) The droplet emulsion is now gently placed on top of the solution intende ...
Platelet granule exocytosis: a comparison with chromaffin cells
... that there are different α-granule subpopulations that store distinct cargo. However, the number of discrete types of α-granule is not known. Evidence that α-granules are heterogeneous comes from several sources. Immunofluorescence microscopy demonstrated that the two α-granule cargos von Willebrand ...
... that there are different α-granule subpopulations that store distinct cargo. However, the number of discrete types of α-granule is not known. Evidence that α-granules are heterogeneous comes from several sources. Immunofluorescence microscopy demonstrated that the two α-granule cargos von Willebrand ...
Presence of exposed phospholipids in the outer membrane of Vibrio
... & van Alphen, 1983). The ratio of phospholipids to protein was similar to that reported for E. coli K12 and different from deep rough or protein-deficient mutants of E. cofi and Salmonella (Koplow & Goldfine, 1974; Smit et al., 1975). V . choferae 569B has been reported to have ...
... & van Alphen, 1983). The ratio of phospholipids to protein was similar to that reported for E. coli K12 and different from deep rough or protein-deficient mutants of E. cofi and Salmonella (Koplow & Goldfine, 1974; Smit et al., 1975). V . choferae 569B has been reported to have ...
Recombinant DNA procedures for producing small antimicrobial
... Therefore, attempts were made to produce cationic peptides as fusion proteins with the capability of releasing the peptide from the carrier molecule using enzymatic or chemical methods (Table I). Three different fusion protein expression systems were tried in preliminary studies, involving fusions t ...
... Therefore, attempts were made to produce cationic peptides as fusion proteins with the capability of releasing the peptide from the carrier molecule using enzymatic or chemical methods (Table I). Three different fusion protein expression systems were tried in preliminary studies, involving fusions t ...
Lipid–protein interactions probed by electron crystallography
... at the threefold axis of the bR trimer (Figure 1C,D). A deep hydrophobic crevice is formed in between two bR monomers on the cytoplasmic side of the protein. A single PM lipid (three in total for the trimer) inserts one of its two acyl chains into this crevice to mediate interfacial ahelical packing ...
... at the threefold axis of the bR trimer (Figure 1C,D). A deep hydrophobic crevice is formed in between two bR monomers on the cytoplasmic side of the protein. A single PM lipid (three in total for the trimer) inserts one of its two acyl chains into this crevice to mediate interfacial ahelical packing ...
document
... attract each other and stick together. We call compounds like that hydrophilic. Latin/Greek: Phil = Love <3 ...
... attract each other and stick together. We call compounds like that hydrophilic. Latin/Greek: Phil = Love <3 ...
Therapeutic approaches to Lysosomal Storage Disorders
... required for membrane fusion. SNARE proteins are classified as vesicle SNAREs (vSNAREs), located on the vesicles membrane, and target SNAREs (t-SNAREs), located on the membranes of target compartments. SNAREs may vary in size and composition, but they all share a 60-70 amino acid cytosolic domain ( ...
... required for membrane fusion. SNARE proteins are classified as vesicle SNAREs (vSNAREs), located on the vesicles membrane, and target SNAREs (t-SNAREs), located on the membranes of target compartments. SNAREs may vary in size and composition, but they all share a 60-70 amino acid cytosolic domain ( ...
The plant formin AtFH4 interacts with both actin and microtubules
... control experiment in the presence of 10 mM latrunculin B. Scale bar: 10 mm. (B) CFP-AtFH4D1 (left panel) was co-transformed with the F-actin marker GFP-Lifeact (centre panel). Actin cables labelled by GFP-Lifeact were not labelled by CFP-AtFH4D1, suggesting that the two constructs labelled nonoverl ...
... control experiment in the presence of 10 mM latrunculin B. Scale bar: 10 mm. (B) CFP-AtFH4D1 (left panel) was co-transformed with the F-actin marker GFP-Lifeact (centre panel). Actin cables labelled by GFP-Lifeact were not labelled by CFP-AtFH4D1, suggesting that the two constructs labelled nonoverl ...
Document
... A. Two pathways: Biosynthetic secretory and endocytic, Fig. 13-1 B. The process of transport between all parts of the pathway is identical, vesicular transport, Fig. 13-2. C. Experimental Methods for studying vesicular transport 1. Cell free systems 2. Genetic 3. GFP fusion proteins D Specificity of ...
... A. Two pathways: Biosynthetic secretory and endocytic, Fig. 13-1 B. The process of transport between all parts of the pathway is identical, vesicular transport, Fig. 13-2. C. Experimental Methods for studying vesicular transport 1. Cell free systems 2. Genetic 3. GFP fusion proteins D Specificity of ...
Lecture 08
... postsynaptic activity. If is high, then it is more difficult to
achieve LTP and if is low, then it is easier to achieve LTP, and
vice versa holds for LTD (Benuskova & Abraham, J Comp Neurosci
...
... postsynaptic activity
Learn about synapses
... When a neurotransmitter binds to a receptor on the postsynaptic side of the synapse, it changes the postsynaptic cell's excitability: it makes the postsynaptic cell either more or less likely to fire an action potential. If the number of excitatory postsynaptic events is large enough, they will add ...
... When a neurotransmitter binds to a receptor on the postsynaptic side of the synapse, it changes the postsynaptic cell's excitability: it makes the postsynaptic cell either more or less likely to fire an action potential. If the number of excitatory postsynaptic events is large enough, they will add ...
Thermostability of the human respiratory syncytial virus fusion
... the F0 precursor of HRSV and the related bovine RSV are cleaved twice, after residues 109 (site I) and 136 (site II), which are preceded by furin-recognition motifs (GonzálezReyes et al., 2001; Zimmer et al., 2001) (see Fig. 1a for a diagram of the primary structure). The F proteins of all paramyxo ...
... the F0 precursor of HRSV and the related bovine RSV are cleaved twice, after residues 109 (site I) and 136 (site II), which are preceded by furin-recognition motifs (GonzálezReyes et al., 2001; Zimmer et al., 2001) (see Fig. 1a for a diagram of the primary structure). The F proteins of all paramyxo ...
Red Blood Cell Glycophorins
... GPA is characterized as a class I transmembrane protein. Analysis of the secondary structural organization of GPA based on circular dichroism spectra and conformational prediction from primary structure suggests that the molecule is about 20% p sheet.3I." One short stretch of p sheet, composed of re ...
... GPA is characterized as a class I transmembrane protein. Analysis of the secondary structural organization of GPA based on circular dichroism spectra and conformational prediction from primary structure suggests that the molecule is about 20% p sheet.3I." One short stretch of p sheet, composed of re ...
Red blood cell glycophorins
... GPA is characterized as a class I transmembrane protein. Analysis of the secondary structural organization of GPA based on circular dichroism spectra and conformational prediction from primary structure suggests that the molecule is about 20% p sheet.3I." One short stretch of p sheet, composed of re ...
... GPA is characterized as a class I transmembrane protein. Analysis of the secondary structural organization of GPA based on circular dichroism spectra and conformational prediction from primary structure suggests that the molecule is about 20% p sheet.3I." One short stretch of p sheet, composed of re ...
Maturing reticulocytes internalize plasma membrane
... Institute for Transfusion Sciences, Bristol, United Kingdom; 2National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Bristol, United Kingdom; and Biology Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, University of Bristol School of Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Bristol, United Kingdom ...
... Institute for Transfusion Sciences, Bristol, United Kingdom; 2National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Bristol, United Kingdom; and Biology Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, University of Bristol School of Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Bristol, United Kingdom ...
The topology of the proton translocating F0 component of the ATP
... with the Iipid bilayer (Sebald and Hoppe, 1981). This segment, which includes a proline residue, most probably forms a ß-turn. Such conformations are often resistant to proteolytic cleavage. Indeed, subtilisin does not digest this hydrophilic segment of subunit c purified by chloroforrnlmethanol ext ...
... with the Iipid bilayer (Sebald and Hoppe, 1981). This segment, which includes a proline residue, most probably forms a ß-turn. Such conformations are often resistant to proteolytic cleavage. Indeed, subtilisin does not digest this hydrophilic segment of subunit c purified by chloroforrnlmethanol ext ...
Regulation of phospholipase D activity, membrane targeting and
... a radioactive form of one of these derivatives was used to label the protein in a manner that could be protected by an excess of PtdIns(4,5)P2 but not by other phosphoinositides or other acidic lipids that do not activate the enzyme [16]. Taken together, these results strongly suggested that a bindi ...
... a radioactive form of one of these derivatives was used to label the protein in a manner that could be protected by an excess of PtdIns(4,5)P2 but not by other phosphoinositides or other acidic lipids that do not activate the enzyme [16]. Taken together, these results strongly suggested that a bindi ...
Membrane vesicle-mediated release of bacterial
... in Supplementary Table 1A (chromosome I) and Supplementary Table 1B (chromosome II). Table 1 summarizes the total of 308 regions that fulfil the above-described criteria. Of these regions, 76 ppm (224/2,961,149 regions/bp) belong to chromosome I, whereas 77 ppm (83/1,072,315 regions/bp) belong to c ...
... in Supplementary Table 1A (chromosome I) and Supplementary Table 1B (chromosome II). Table 1 summarizes the total of 308 regions that fulfil the above-described criteria. Of these regions, 76 ppm (224/2,961,149 regions/bp) belong to chromosome I, whereas 77 ppm (83/1,072,315 regions/bp) belong to c ...
Lipid Microdomains in Synapse Formation
... same size (see Supporting Information Figure S3 for details on quantification analysis methods). In this case, a fluorescence intensity ratio (bead site to adjacent area) much greater than unity corresponds to a significant accumulation of the presynaptic vesicles and active zone markers around the SSB ...
... same size (see Supporting Information Figure S3 for details on quantification analysis methods). In this case, a fluorescence intensity ratio (bead site to adjacent area) much greater than unity corresponds to a significant accumulation of the presynaptic vesicles and active zone markers around the SSB ...
SNARE (protein)
SNARE proteins (an acronym derived from ""SNAP (Soluble NSF Attachment Protein) REceptor"") are a large protein superfamily consisting of more than 60 members in yeast and mammalian cells. The primary role of SNARE proteins is to mediate vesicle fusion, that is, the fusion of vesicles with their target membrane bound compartments (such as a lysosome). The best studied SNAREs are those that mediate docking of synaptic vesicles with the presynaptic membrane in neurons. These SNAREs are the targets of the bacterial neurotoxins responsible for botulism and tetanus.