Hybrid Scheme for Modeling Local Field Potentials from Point
... The local field potential (LFP), the low-frequency component (≲ 500 Hz) of the extracellular potential recorded in the brain, is commonly used as a measure of neuronal activity (Buzsáki et al. 2012; Einevoll et al. 2013). The LFP originates from transmembrane currents (Nicholson and Freeman 1975), an ...
... The local field potential (LFP), the low-frequency component (≲ 500 Hz) of the extracellular potential recorded in the brain, is commonly used as a measure of neuronal activity (Buzsáki et al. 2012; Einevoll et al. 2013). The LFP originates from transmembrane currents (Nicholson and Freeman 1975), an ...
Rhythms for Cognition: Communication through
... communication, the communicating brain areas have specialized neuronal groups, i.e. a given brain area has neurons receiving inputs and different neurons sending outputs (Felleman and Van Essen, 1991; Markov et al., 2014). Thus, the new CTC takes anatomical data on inter-areal projections more close ...
... communication, the communicating brain areas have specialized neuronal groups, i.e. a given brain area has neurons receiving inputs and different neurons sending outputs (Felleman and Van Essen, 1991; Markov et al., 2014). Thus, the new CTC takes anatomical data on inter-areal projections more close ...
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: A Neuroscientific Probe of
... Shawn M. McClintock, Catarina Freitas, Lindsay Oberman, Sarah H. Lisanby, and Alvaro Pascual-Leone Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a neuropsychiatric tool that can serve as a useful method to better understand the neurobiology of cognitive function, behavior, and emotional processing. The ...
... Shawn M. McClintock, Catarina Freitas, Lindsay Oberman, Sarah H. Lisanby, and Alvaro Pascual-Leone Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a neuropsychiatric tool that can serve as a useful method to better understand the neurobiology of cognitive function, behavior, and emotional processing. The ...
Direction of action is represented in the ventral premotor cortex
... location of a target, specified in an external coordinate frame, into a set of muscle activation patterns, specified in an intrinsic coordinate frame. Insight into the sensorimotor transformations involved in this process1,2 and how these transformations are implemented in the central nervous system ...
... location of a target, specified in an external coordinate frame, into a set of muscle activation patterns, specified in an intrinsic coordinate frame. Insight into the sensorimotor transformations involved in this process1,2 and how these transformations are implemented in the central nervous system ...
Xenopus laevis Retinal Ganglion Cell Dendritic Arbors Develop
... shown that when endogenous activity in cells with high spontaneous activity is inhibited, dendritic mobility decreases. Endogenous neuronal activity appears to be necessary for normal postnatal maturation of RGC axons (Wong et al., 1991). In embryonic chicks and ferret kits, spontaneous retinal acti ...
... shown that when endogenous activity in cells with high spontaneous activity is inhibited, dendritic mobility decreases. Endogenous neuronal activity appears to be necessary for normal postnatal maturation of RGC axons (Wong et al., 1991). In embryonic chicks and ferret kits, spontaneous retinal acti ...
Neuronal polarity: establishing and maintaining the axon initial
... somatodendritic region after synapse stimulation is called a postsynaptic potential (PSP). Axons also require a fast electric signal transfer, however since axons can be much longer than dendrites this transfer must be more faithful and stronger. Therefore axons have a system that boots the electric ...
... somatodendritic region after synapse stimulation is called a postsynaptic potential (PSP). Axons also require a fast electric signal transfer, however since axons can be much longer than dendrites this transfer must be more faithful and stronger. Therefore axons have a system that boots the electric ...
Do distinct populations of dorsal root ganglion neurons account for
... superfusing the respective neuron under investigation for 10 s with solutions of either pH 6 or pH 5 once every minute, respectively, using a multibarrel perfusion pipette that was connected to computercontrolled magnetic valve system controlling the flow of gravity-fed lines that were connected to ...
... superfusing the respective neuron under investigation for 10 s with solutions of either pH 6 or pH 5 once every minute, respectively, using a multibarrel perfusion pipette that was connected to computercontrolled magnetic valve system controlling the flow of gravity-fed lines that were connected to ...
Disentanglement of local field potential sources by independent
... Abstract The spontaneous activity of working neurons yields synaptic currents that mix up in the volume conductor. This activity is picked up by intracerebral recording electrodes as local field potentials (LFPs), but their separation into original informative sources is an unresolved problem. Assum ...
... Abstract The spontaneous activity of working neurons yields synaptic currents that mix up in the volume conductor. This activity is picked up by intracerebral recording electrodes as local field potentials (LFPs), but their separation into original informative sources is an unresolved problem. Assum ...
Chapter 20
... autonomic motor pathway). 6. Structure of the Parasympathetic Division: (p. 641) i. Cell bodies of parasympathetic preganglionic neurons are located in brain stem nuclei and the lateral gray horns of the second through fourth sacral segments of the spinal cord. ii. The cranial parasympathetic outflo ...
... autonomic motor pathway). 6. Structure of the Parasympathetic Division: (p. 641) i. Cell bodies of parasympathetic preganglionic neurons are located in brain stem nuclei and the lateral gray horns of the second through fourth sacral segments of the spinal cord. ii. The cranial parasympathetic outflo ...
The neuronal structure of the medial geniculate body in the pig
... (15–30 mm) into secondary dendrites. The secondary dendrites branch at a different distance from the cell body. Sporadically, undivided dendrites are also observed. The length of the primary and secondary dendrites is almost equal but the tertiary branches are usually prominently longer. The dendrit ...
... (15–30 mm) into secondary dendrites. The secondary dendrites branch at a different distance from the cell body. Sporadically, undivided dendrites are also observed. The length of the primary and secondary dendrites is almost equal but the tertiary branches are usually prominently longer. The dendrit ...
Are mesopontine cholinergic neurons either necessary or sufficient
... devoted to study of the biology of these neurons, with particular emphasis upon their role as mediator of the reticular activating system. In the paragraphs below we review the salient evidence relevant to this issue and find that while supportive data exists, it is as of yet impossible to conclude ...
... devoted to study of the biology of these neurons, with particular emphasis upon their role as mediator of the reticular activating system. In the paragraphs below we review the salient evidence relevant to this issue and find that while supportive data exists, it is as of yet impossible to conclude ...
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
... result of learning; so the fact that a person learns the language like a native, depends on the environment in which he lives, and the conditions of his upbringing. Language is implemented and carried out in the speech - the process of speaking, flowing through time and translate into sound or writt ...
... result of learning; so the fact that a person learns the language like a native, depends on the environment in which he lives, and the conditions of his upbringing. Language is implemented and carried out in the speech - the process of speaking, flowing through time and translate into sound or writt ...
identification of cell types in brain slices of the inferior colliculus
... parallel the ®bro-dendritic laminae. A second, less common neuron with a different dendritic morphology is also found in all species studied (e.g. the less-¯at neuron in the rat). In contrast, physiology suggests three or more cell types are present based on responses to binaural acoustic stimuli an ...
... parallel the ®bro-dendritic laminae. A second, less common neuron with a different dendritic morphology is also found in all species studied (e.g. the less-¯at neuron in the rat). In contrast, physiology suggests three or more cell types are present based on responses to binaural acoustic stimuli an ...
Kv2 Channels Form Delayed-Rectifier Potassium Channels In Situ
... For IKv, the bath solution contained 80 mM NaC l, 3 mM KC l, 5 mM MgC l2, 10 mM CoC l2, 5 mM H EPES, pH 7.4, and 1 M tetrodotoxin (TTX; C albiochem, La Jolla, CA). Steady-state IKv amplitudes were measured by averaging values during a 7 msec interval at the end of the pulse. IC a was recorded using ...
... For IKv, the bath solution contained 80 mM NaC l, 3 mM KC l, 5 mM MgC l2, 10 mM CoC l2, 5 mM H EPES, pH 7.4, and 1 M tetrodotoxin (TTX; C albiochem, La Jolla, CA). Steady-state IKv amplitudes were measured by averaging values during a 7 msec interval at the end of the pulse. IC a was recorded using ...
Coupling in Networks of Neuronal Oscillators (Spring 2015)
... mechanisms and “couple” their periodic behaviors. When you were a kid on the swing sets with a friend, didn’t you notice it was easiest to swing if you hit the peaks exactly when your friend did? Either they were right there beside you — in which case your swings were “in phase” — or at the opposite ...
... mechanisms and “couple” their periodic behaviors. When you were a kid on the swing sets with a friend, didn’t you notice it was easiest to swing if you hit the peaks exactly when your friend did? Either they were right there beside you — in which case your swings were “in phase” — or at the opposite ...
Scaling self-organizing maps to model large cortical networks
... RF-LISSOM focuses on the two-dimensional organization of the cortex, so each “neuron” in the model cortex corresponds to a vertical column of cells through the six layers of the primate cortex. The cortical network is modeled with a sheet of interconnected neurons and the retina with a sheet of reti ...
... RF-LISSOM focuses on the two-dimensional organization of the cortex, so each “neuron” in the model cortex corresponds to a vertical column of cells through the six layers of the primate cortex. The cortical network is modeled with a sheet of interconnected neurons and the retina with a sheet of reti ...
Properties of Single Neurons Responsive to Light Mechanical
... regarding complex spatial properties of stimuli has its beginnings within the somatosensory thalamus. The classical modality- and place-specific properties of single neurons of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal system were originally defined by Mountcastle and associates (e.g., Poggio and Mountcast ...
... regarding complex spatial properties of stimuli has its beginnings within the somatosensory thalamus. The classical modality- and place-specific properties of single neurons of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal system were originally defined by Mountcastle and associates (e.g., Poggio and Mountcast ...
Optical quantal analysis of synaptic transmission in wild
... and Ca2+ entry into dendritic spines with chemical indicators12–14 (an optical report of the activation of postsynaptic NMDA receptors). ...
... and Ca2+ entry into dendritic spines with chemical indicators12–14 (an optical report of the activation of postsynaptic NMDA receptors). ...
Chapter 2
... many afferent axons to ICC (Brunso-Bechtold et al. 1981; Oliver and Shneiderman 1991) and represent the largest single source of input fibers. These projections have been described in small mammals (Merchán et al. 1994; Merchán and Berbel 1996; Malmierca et al. 1998). Excitatory inputs to the ICC ...
... many afferent axons to ICC (Brunso-Bechtold et al. 1981; Oliver and Shneiderman 1991) and represent the largest single source of input fibers. These projections have been described in small mammals (Merchán et al. 1994; Merchán and Berbel 1996; Malmierca et al. 1998). Excitatory inputs to the ICC ...
cellular mechanisms of classical and operant conditioning A model
... A fundamental problem in neuroscience is to understand events occurring within individual neurons and within networks that contribute to learning and memory. For example, what cellular processes detect the coincidence between stimuli during classical conditioning, or between behavior and consequence ...
... A fundamental problem in neuroscience is to understand events occurring within individual neurons and within networks that contribute to learning and memory. For example, what cellular processes detect the coincidence between stimuli during classical conditioning, or between behavior and consequence ...
Plastic Effect of Tetanic Stimulation on Auditory Evoked Potentials
... changes in the central nervous system in response to altered patterns of stimulation. In sensory and motor systems, demands for transmitting sensory or motor information within these systems can change when there (1) are altered patterns of stimulation (peripheral or central) and/or (2) is a loss of ...
... changes in the central nervous system in response to altered patterns of stimulation. In sensory and motor systems, demands for transmitting sensory or motor information within these systems can change when there (1) are altered patterns of stimulation (peripheral or central) and/or (2) is a loss of ...
nervous tissue, 030717
... Some axons are very short to propagate action potentials over distances of 1 mm or less, while others can be very long to propagate over much longer distances, such as between the brain and spinal cord. Transduce = convert energy from one form to another. ...
... Some axons are very short to propagate action potentials over distances of 1 mm or less, while others can be very long to propagate over much longer distances, such as between the brain and spinal cord. Transduce = convert energy from one form to another. ...
The Calcium Rationale in Aging and Alzheimer`s Disease
... Considerable research has described the function of calcium in the regulation of numerous processes including neurotransmitter release, cytoarchitecture and growth, and activation of enzyme systems including kinases and phosphatases. Calcium is intimately involved in a variety of “plastic” changes i ...
... Considerable research has described the function of calcium in the regulation of numerous processes including neurotransmitter release, cytoarchitecture and growth, and activation of enzyme systems including kinases and phosphatases. Calcium is intimately involved in a variety of “plastic” changes i ...
Brain-implantable biomimetic electronics as the next era in neural
... appropriate additional associations with previously learned information (the same face may have context-dependent names, e.g., first-name basis in an informal social setting versus position title in a formal business setting), and that minimizes interference (the same name may be associated with sev ...
... appropriate additional associations with previously learned information (the same face may have context-dependent names, e.g., first-name basis in an informal social setting versus position title in a formal business setting), and that minimizes interference (the same name may be associated with sev ...
http://www.utdallas.edu/~tres/papers/Disterhoftetal1994.pdf
... Considerable research has described the function of calcium in the regulation of numerous processes including neurotransmitter release, cytoarchitecture and growth, and activation of enzyme systems including kinases and phosphatases. Calcium is intimately involved in a variety of “plastic” changes i ...
... Considerable research has described the function of calcium in the regulation of numerous processes including neurotransmitter release, cytoarchitecture and growth, and activation of enzyme systems including kinases and phosphatases. Calcium is intimately involved in a variety of “plastic” changes i ...
Nonsynaptic plasticity
Nonsynaptic plasticity is a form of neuroplasticity that involves modification of ion channel function in the axon, dendrites, and cell body that results in specific changes in the integration of excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs). Nonsynaptic plasticity is a modification of the intrinsic excitability of the neuron. It interacts with synaptic plasticity, but it is considered a separate entity from synaptic plasticity. Intrinsic modification of the electrical properties of neurons plays a role in many aspects of plasticity from homeostatic plasticity to learning and memory itself. Nonsynaptic plasticity affects synaptic integration, subthreshold propagation, spike generation, and other fundamental mechanisms of neurons at the cellular level. These individual neuronal alterations can result in changes in higher brain function, especially learning and memory. However, as an emerging field in neuroscience, much of the knowledge about nonsynaptic plasticity is uncertain and still requires further investigation to better define its role in brain function and behavior.