Full Text - Anesth Pain Med
... and that the transmitter may be released both in the central and peripheral ends of the neuron (54). It has been hypothesized that activation of SP neurons in the ophthalmic and maxillary divisions can cause all the symptoms of an acute CH attack, and this could explain the improvement witnessed wit ...
... and that the transmitter may be released both in the central and peripheral ends of the neuron (54). It has been hypothesized that activation of SP neurons in the ophthalmic and maxillary divisions can cause all the symptoms of an acute CH attack, and this could explain the improvement witnessed wit ...
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... There is a large and expanding body of scientific evidence supporting the use of acupuncture in pain management. In the last decade, our understanding of how the brain processes acupuncture analgesia has undergone considerable development. Profound studies on neural mechanisms underlying acupuncture ...
... There is a large and expanding body of scientific evidence supporting the use of acupuncture in pain management. In the last decade, our understanding of how the brain processes acupuncture analgesia has undergone considerable development. Profound studies on neural mechanisms underlying acupuncture ...
Downloadable Full Text - DSpace@MIT
... (mPFC) and nucleus accumbens (NAc), which play important roles in a broad range of motivated behaviors and neuropsychiatric disorders1-3. Although DA neuron activity often correlates with a reward prediction error (i.e. the difference between expected and actual rewards) these cells also can signal ...
... (mPFC) and nucleus accumbens (NAc), which play important roles in a broad range of motivated behaviors and neuropsychiatric disorders1-3. Although DA neuron activity often correlates with a reward prediction error (i.e. the difference between expected and actual rewards) these cells also can signal ...
Frequency-Dependent Recruitment of Fast Amino Acid and Slow
... neuron, and this response failed to follow repeated AVPV stimulation (Fig. 2 B). It could also be abolished by holding the recorded cell to ⫺30 mV to inactivate voltage-dependent sodium channels (Fig. 2 B). The third type of response was seen in only 9 (7%) of the GnRH neurons and resulted from the ...
... neuron, and this response failed to follow repeated AVPV stimulation (Fig. 2 B). It could also be abolished by holding the recorded cell to ⫺30 mV to inactivate voltage-dependent sodium channels (Fig. 2 B). The third type of response was seen in only 9 (7%) of the GnRH neurons and resulted from the ...
Interaction of the Frontal Eye Field and Superior Colliculus for
... that is close to meeting these demanding criteria is that for the visual guidance of rapid or saccadic eye movements, a system that extends from cerebral cortex through the superior colliculus (SC) to the midbrain and pons (for reviews see Andersen et al. 1997; Colby and Goldberg 1999; Moschovakis a ...
... that is close to meeting these demanding criteria is that for the visual guidance of rapid or saccadic eye movements, a system that extends from cerebral cortex through the superior colliculus (SC) to the midbrain and pons (for reviews see Andersen et al. 1997; Colby and Goldberg 1999; Moschovakis a ...
PHYSIOLOGY OF PAIN
... Pain Principles Most of the sensory and somatosensory modalities are primarily informative, whereas pain is a protective modality. Pain differs from the classical senses (hearing, smell, taste, touch, and vision) because it is both a discriminative sensation and a graded emotional experience associa ...
... Pain Principles Most of the sensory and somatosensory modalities are primarily informative, whereas pain is a protective modality. Pain differs from the classical senses (hearing, smell, taste, touch, and vision) because it is both a discriminative sensation and a graded emotional experience associa ...
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... The A1 of each animal was defined by its location, tonotopic organization, narrow bandwidths, and short latencies. The CF of sites increases systematically from posterior to anterior across the surface of A1. Receptive field sizes in A1 were narrower than PAF sites (Fig. 1, A and C). In both control ...
... The A1 of each animal was defined by its location, tonotopic organization, narrow bandwidths, and short latencies. The CF of sites increases systematically from posterior to anterior across the surface of A1. Receptive field sizes in A1 were narrower than PAF sites (Fig. 1, A and C). In both control ...
Epileptiform Activity Can Be Initiated in Various Neocortical Layers
... thus can be determined. In this study, we applied high speed (1 frame per millisecond) optical imaging using voltage-sensitive dyes to measure epileptiform activity over a region of the cortex ;4.5 3 1.5 mm2 in an attempt to directly record the initiation process. We have reported that dominant foci ...
... thus can be determined. In this study, we applied high speed (1 frame per millisecond) optical imaging using voltage-sensitive dyes to measure epileptiform activity over a region of the cortex ;4.5 3 1.5 mm2 in an attempt to directly record the initiation process. We have reported that dominant foci ...
Vestibular Signals in the Parasolitary Nucleus
... the vestibular complex. Vestibular primary afferents also project to the uvula-nodulus of the cerebellum where they terminate on granule cells. In this report we describe the physiological properties of neurons in a “new” vestibular nucleus, the parasolitary nucleus (Psol). This nucleus consists of ...
... the vestibular complex. Vestibular primary afferents also project to the uvula-nodulus of the cerebellum where they terminate on granule cells. In this report we describe the physiological properties of neurons in a “new” vestibular nucleus, the parasolitary nucleus (Psol). This nucleus consists of ...
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... plasticity is regulated to prevent every random stimulus from modifying the brain. Attention is believed to be required for most forms of perceptual learning and regulates the plasticity associated with sensory experience. Many studies have shown that attention can directly affect firing rates of co ...
... plasticity is regulated to prevent every random stimulus from modifying the brain. Attention is believed to be required for most forms of perceptual learning and regulates the plasticity associated with sensory experience. Many studies have shown that attention can directly affect firing rates of co ...
Altered cortical and subcortical connectivity due to infrasound
... planes) or air-conditioning systems, we reasoned that IS may rather exert influences on the nervous system as a constant and subtle source of (sub-)liminal stimulation, than a source of punctual stimulatory events. In contrast to an event-related approach, which would be characterized by short alter ...
... planes) or air-conditioning systems, we reasoned that IS may rather exert influences on the nervous system as a constant and subtle source of (sub-)liminal stimulation, than a source of punctual stimulatory events. In contrast to an event-related approach, which would be characterized by short alter ...
Pain - Viktor`s Notes for the Neurosurgery Resident
... Aδ nociceptors - convey via Aδ fibers, respond mainly to mechanical stimulation. smaller, punctiform receptive field. higher thresholds than CPNs. Silent nociceptors, s. mechanically insensitive afferents (recently discovered) - convey via C fibers, activated only during inflammation. without ...
... Aδ nociceptors - convey via Aδ fibers, respond mainly to mechanical stimulation. smaller, punctiform receptive field. higher thresholds than CPNs. Silent nociceptors, s. mechanically insensitive afferents (recently discovered) - convey via C fibers, activated only during inflammation. without ...
BZA BCI Projects
... ECog activity in several human patients during hand or tongue movement (Miller, in press) ...
... ECog activity in several human patients during hand or tongue movement (Miller, in press) ...
Author`s personal copy - Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives
... akinetic-like symptoms (DeLong, 1990). It became then obvious that an interesting alterna tive strategy to DArgic treatments for PD could be to reduce this hyper-activity at the level of either the STN or the GPi. This chapter will thus review the physiological and behavioural data obtained using t ...
... akinetic-like symptoms (DeLong, 1990). It became then obvious that an interesting alterna tive strategy to DArgic treatments for PD could be to reduce this hyper-activity at the level of either the STN or the GPi. This chapter will thus review the physiological and behavioural data obtained using t ...
Optical quantal analysis of synaptic transmission in wild
... Variability within boutons and along the axon Release probability maps typically showed a small number of highprobability sites at each NMJ (Figs. 4a and 5a). The distribution of release probabilities was skewed toward lower values and had a median value of 0.07 (Fig. 5b). Probabilities >0.2 were fo ...
... Variability within boutons and along the axon Release probability maps typically showed a small number of highprobability sites at each NMJ (Figs. 4a and 5a). The distribution of release probabilities was skewed toward lower values and had a median value of 0.07 (Fig. 5b). Probabilities >0.2 were fo ...
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... strategy approach to maximize reward and minimize costs; otherwise, competitive opponents can exploit predictable choice patterns. This thesis tested the hypothesis that the frontal eye field (FEF) are involved ...
... strategy approach to maximize reward and minimize costs; otherwise, competitive opponents can exploit predictable choice patterns. This thesis tested the hypothesis that the frontal eye field (FEF) are involved ...
Accuracy of numerical methods by calculating static and quasistatic
... the sphere on the surface. The source current was fixed at 1A in all cases. For demonstration we also compute the potential distribution in the threelayer spherical head model. We chose this particular model because the analytical formula is also capable of solving it. The three-layer model gives us ...
... the sphere on the surface. The source current was fixed at 1A in all cases. For demonstration we also compute the potential distribution in the threelayer spherical head model. We chose this particular model because the analytical formula is also capable of solving it. The three-layer model gives us ...
Information Processing at the Calyx of Held Under Natural Conditions
... The medial nucleus of the trapezoid body (MNTB) is probably one of the best studied nuclei in the mammalian brain. The system is studied so well because the synapses found in this nucleus, the so-called calyces of Held, are extraordinarily big compared to almost all other synapses. Therefore, they a ...
... The medial nucleus of the trapezoid body (MNTB) is probably one of the best studied nuclei in the mammalian brain. The system is studied so well because the synapses found in this nucleus, the so-called calyces of Held, are extraordinarily big compared to almost all other synapses. Therefore, they a ...
AANEM Glossary of Terms in Neuromuscular
... end of the spike and the time when the membrane potential is restored to its resting value. The membrane during this period may be depolarized or hyperpolarized at different times. akinesia Lack or marked delay of intended movement, often observed in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Often used syn ...
... end of the spike and the time when the membrane potential is restored to its resting value. The membrane during this period may be depolarized or hyperpolarized at different times. akinesia Lack or marked delay of intended movement, often observed in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Often used syn ...
A Circuit for Detection of Interaural Time Differences in the Brain
... 1972). Action potentials were recorded with a WPI M70 1 DC amplifier. The action potentials were then amplified, filtered, and discriminated by an AC amplifier with a built-in level discriminator that generated computer-compatible pulses. The time of occurrence of these pulses was recorded and analy ...
... 1972). Action potentials were recorded with a WPI M70 1 DC amplifier. The action potentials were then amplified, filtered, and discriminated by an AC amplifier with a built-in level discriminator that generated computer-compatible pulses. The time of occurrence of these pulses was recorded and analy ...
Similar Inhibitory Processes Dominate the Responses of Cat Lateral
... Recent evidence suggests that local inhibitory processes are major determinants of LAT neuronal activity and are central to its normal functioning as, for example, a decrease in GABAergic neurons within this structure is correlated with the development of kindled seizures (Callahan et al. 1991). In ...
... Recent evidence suggests that local inhibitory processes are major determinants of LAT neuronal activity and are central to its normal functioning as, for example, a decrease in GABAergic neurons within this structure is correlated with the development of kindled seizures (Callahan et al. 1991). In ...
What and Where Information in the Caudate Tail Guides Saccades
... (“where”) information and object (“what”) information is roughly segregated into the dorsal and ventral cortical visual pathways (Mishkin et al., 1983; Goodale and Milner, 1992). This hypothetical scheme poses a problem, however, when we plan to make a motor action aiming at a particular object, say ...
... (“where”) information and object (“what”) information is roughly segregated into the dorsal and ventral cortical visual pathways (Mishkin et al., 1983; Goodale and Milner, 1992). This hypothetical scheme poses a problem, however, when we plan to make a motor action aiming at a particular object, say ...
physiological reviews
... (83) has traced fibers of this tract to the internal hair cells. Rasmussen (183) expresses some reservations as to whether the internal hair cells are the only cells so innervated. These fibers from the opposite side of the brain stem seem to be efferent fibers. The presence of the olivo-cochlear bu ...
... (83) has traced fibers of this tract to the internal hair cells. Rasmussen (183) expresses some reservations as to whether the internal hair cells are the only cells so innervated. These fibers from the opposite side of the brain stem seem to be efferent fibers. The presence of the olivo-cochlear bu ...
Pain Physiology SLS
... Pain is a direct or indirect consequence of several diseases. However patients with moderate to severe pain are often under-treated in both developing and developed countries(…) It is important to recognize that pain is a problem in its own right, not “just” an indicator of an underlying disease or ...
... Pain is a direct or indirect consequence of several diseases. However patients with moderate to severe pain are often under-treated in both developing and developed countries(…) It is important to recognize that pain is a problem in its own right, not “just” an indicator of an underlying disease or ...