Effects of Residual Inhibition Phenomenon on Early Auditory Evoked
... initial phase of both salicylate-induced and noise-induced tinnitus is dependant on NMDA receptor activity in primary auditory neurons. ...
... initial phase of both salicylate-induced and noise-induced tinnitus is dependant on NMDA receptor activity in primary auditory neurons. ...
The Pedunculopontine Nucleus (PPN) in Parkinson`s Disease
... instability freezing of gait and falls are needed • The variability in outcomes may be due to the mix of clinical patient types, differences in surgical approach, lead location, stimulation parameters and the shortcomings of clinical rating scales. ...
... instability freezing of gait and falls are needed • The variability in outcomes may be due to the mix of clinical patient types, differences in surgical approach, lead location, stimulation parameters and the shortcomings of clinical rating scales. ...
In 1978 Mountcastle hypothesized that the smallest functional unit of
... (“mosaic”) made up of discrete place-defined macrocolumns – “segregates”– in the region of cat and monkey somatosensory cortex which receives input from forelimb skin, also proposed that discrete place-defined macrocolumns are a common mode of topographic organization throughout somatosensory cortex ...
... (“mosaic”) made up of discrete place-defined macrocolumns – “segregates”– in the region of cat and monkey somatosensory cortex which receives input from forelimb skin, also proposed that discrete place-defined macrocolumns are a common mode of topographic organization throughout somatosensory cortex ...
Central Control of the Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems and
... into three distinct neural phases in which each phase reflects a “state” of the oscillating network rather than a particular configuration of the motor output. In other words, a cycle phase in this context means a recurring episode when one or more groups of neurons in the network discharge a charac ...
... into three distinct neural phases in which each phase reflects a “state” of the oscillating network rather than a particular configuration of the motor output. In other words, a cycle phase in this context means a recurring episode when one or more groups of neurons in the network discharge a charac ...
Central Control of the Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems
... into three distinct neural phases in which each phase reflects a “state” of the oscillating network rather than a particular configuration of the motor output. In other words, a cycle phase in this context means a recurring episode when one or more groups of neurons in the network discharge a charac ...
... into three distinct neural phases in which each phase reflects a “state” of the oscillating network rather than a particular configuration of the motor output. In other words, a cycle phase in this context means a recurring episode when one or more groups of neurons in the network discharge a charac ...
View/Open - DukeSpace
... but associating functional regions with cytoarchitectonic zones is not always straightforward. The FEF, for example, straddles two distinct cytoarchitectonic zones (Walker’s 8A and 45) even though its functions seem continuous across them. It is generally accepted that eye-movement-related neurons c ...
... but associating functional regions with cytoarchitectonic zones is not always straightforward. The FEF, for example, straddles two distinct cytoarchitectonic zones (Walker’s 8A and 45) even though its functions seem continuous across them. It is generally accepted that eye-movement-related neurons c ...
Nicotine injections into the ventral tegmental area increase
... G. Pa#tagM et al. / Brain Re.s'can'h 730 ( 1996J /J,?- 142 ...
... G. Pa#tagM et al. / Brain Re.s'can'h 730 ( 1996J /J,?- 142 ...
Martin, Neuroscientist 2005
... postnatal period and possibly into maturity (Li and Martin 2001). Corticospinal terminal growth leads to formation of dense clusters of presynaptic boutons (Li and Martin 2002; Fig. 2, compare 1 month and adult, where arrows point to clusters). The morphology of these terminals matches their physiol ...
... postnatal period and possibly into maturity (Li and Martin 2001). Corticospinal terminal growth leads to formation of dense clusters of presynaptic boutons (Li and Martin 2002; Fig. 2, compare 1 month and adult, where arrows point to clusters). The morphology of these terminals matches their physiol ...
Input-specific control of reward and aversion in the ventral tegmental
... respectively. Laterodorsal tegmentum neurons preferentially synapse on dopamine neurons projecting to the nucleus accumbens lateral shell, whereas lateral habenula neurons synapse primarily on dopamine neurons projecting to the medial prefrontal cortex as well as on GABAergic (c-aminobutyric-acid-co ...
... respectively. Laterodorsal tegmentum neurons preferentially synapse on dopamine neurons projecting to the nucleus accumbens lateral shell, whereas lateral habenula neurons synapse primarily on dopamine neurons projecting to the medial prefrontal cortex as well as on GABAergic (c-aminobutyric-acid-co ...
as Adobe PDF - Edinburgh Research Explorer
... from the posterior pituitary had that positive feedback effect. They recorded from magnocellular ...
... from the posterior pituitary had that positive feedback effect. They recorded from magnocellular ...
The subthalamic nucleus in the context of movement disorders
... subthalamic fasciculus consists of ®bres that interconnect the STN and globus pallidus. This ®bre bundle arises from the inferolateral border of the STN and crosses the internal capsule in its trajectory. The ansa lenticularis contains ®bres from the globus pallidus internus (GPi) that project towar ...
... subthalamic fasciculus consists of ®bres that interconnect the STN and globus pallidus. This ®bre bundle arises from the inferolateral border of the STN and crosses the internal capsule in its trajectory. The ansa lenticularis contains ®bres from the globus pallidus internus (GPi) that project towar ...
Neural Activity in Macaque Parietal Cortex Reflects
... responses of LIP neurons reflected substantial temporal integration. Brief pulses had persistent effects on both the monkeys’ choices and the responses of neurons in LIP, lasting up to 800 ms after appearance. These results demonstrate that LIP is involved in neural time integration underlying the a ...
... responses of LIP neurons reflected substantial temporal integration. Brief pulses had persistent effects on both the monkeys’ choices and the responses of neurons in LIP, lasting up to 800 ms after appearance. These results demonstrate that LIP is involved in neural time integration underlying the a ...
Different adrenal sympathetic preganglionic
... responses in which an SPN action potential occurred for nearly every RVLM stimulus were attained at a mean current of 225 A. Splanchnic SPNs, which would include those with axons in the adrenal nerve, were previously divided into four groups on the basis of the patterns and latencies of their respo ...
... responses in which an SPN action potential occurred for nearly every RVLM stimulus were attained at a mean current of 225 A. Splanchnic SPNs, which would include those with axons in the adrenal nerve, were previously divided into four groups on the basis of the patterns and latencies of their respo ...
Chadha_umd_0117E_15128 - DRUM
... and overlapping receptive fields with well-defined centers. S1 responses are directionally selective, with a majority preferring reversed airflow. The onset latency of evoked activity decreases as a function of airflow intensity, with no effect on response magnitude. Furthermore, when dorsal and ven ...
... and overlapping receptive fields with well-defined centers. S1 responses are directionally selective, with a majority preferring reversed airflow. The onset latency of evoked activity decreases as a function of airflow intensity, with no effect on response magnitude. Furthermore, when dorsal and ven ...
Eye fields in the frontal lobes of primates
... Although the DMFC and FEF are both active during the execution of saccadic and smooth pursuit eye movements, the FEF is more dedicated to these functions. Lesions of DMFC minimally affect the production of most types of saccadic eye movements and have no effect on the execution of smooth pursuit eye ...
... Although the DMFC and FEF are both active during the execution of saccadic and smooth pursuit eye movements, the FEF is more dedicated to these functions. Lesions of DMFC minimally affect the production of most types of saccadic eye movements and have no effect on the execution of smooth pursuit eye ...
The Optic Tectum in Fishes
... some tectal cells can be excited by one range of wavelengths while being inhibited by another. Such qualitative response differences indicate a color discriminating system. As in mammalian visual cortex, color processing is likely bound up with pattern and shape processing. Motion is an important st ...
... some tectal cells can be excited by one range of wavelengths while being inhibited by another. Such qualitative response differences indicate a color discriminating system. As in mammalian visual cortex, color processing is likely bound up with pattern and shape processing. Motion is an important st ...
The multifunctional lateral geniculate nucleus
... terminate in discrete, orderly clusters forming the basis for a topographic (‘retinotopic’) map of the contralateral visual field (with receptive fields similar to retina in size and response properties). Because the retinal ganglion cells drive LGN neurons, and because retinal convergence onto LGN ...
... terminate in discrete, orderly clusters forming the basis for a topographic (‘retinotopic’) map of the contralateral visual field (with receptive fields similar to retina in size and response properties). Because the retinal ganglion cells drive LGN neurons, and because retinal convergence onto LGN ...
Spatial cognition, body representation and affective processes
... information in tasks that are seemingly remote from well-known functions such as space constancy or postural control. In this review article we point out three emerging streams of research highlighting the importance of vestibular input: (1) Spatial Cognition: Modulation of vestibular signals can in ...
... information in tasks that are seemingly remote from well-known functions such as space constancy or postural control. In this review article we point out three emerging streams of research highlighting the importance of vestibular input: (1) Spatial Cognition: Modulation of vestibular signals can in ...
The Differential Role of Motor Cortex in Stretch Reflex Modulation
... than those in the Compliant:DNI task. In experiment 2, we examined the possibility that observations made in experiment 1 were attributable to those differences. To rule out this possibility we deliberately matched the amplitude of the long-latency response in each of these conditions without TMS be ...
... than those in the Compliant:DNI task. In experiment 2, we examined the possibility that observations made in experiment 1 were attributable to those differences. To rule out this possibility we deliberately matched the amplitude of the long-latency response in each of these conditions without TMS be ...
Functionally Independent Columns of Rat Somatosensory Barrel
... studies (Durham and Woolsey, 1977; Kossut et al., 1988; McCasland and Woolsey, 1988) and optical imaging of intrinsic reflectance changes of the cortical surface (Masino and Frostig, 1996). An alternative approach is to image neuronal activity with voltage-sensitive dyes, which can record both the s ...
... studies (Durham and Woolsey, 1977; Kossut et al., 1988; McCasland and Woolsey, 1988) and optical imaging of intrinsic reflectance changes of the cortical surface (Masino and Frostig, 1996). An alternative approach is to image neuronal activity with voltage-sensitive dyes, which can record both the s ...
Role of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis in the control
... mesolimbic DA system, and the major role it plays in modulating DA neuronal activity. We refer also to an excellent review for studies on the role of BST in the pathophysiology of stress-related psychiatric disorders (Forray and Gysling, 2004). The anterior part of the BST receives excitatory inputs ...
... mesolimbic DA system, and the major role it plays in modulating DA neuronal activity. We refer also to an excellent review for studies on the role of BST in the pathophysiology of stress-related psychiatric disorders (Forray and Gysling, 2004). The anterior part of the BST receives excitatory inputs ...
Rapid Translocation of Zn 2+ from Nerve Terminals
... and Christopher J. Frederickson. Rapid translocation of Zn2⫹ from presynaptic terminals into postsynaptic hippocampal neurons after physiological stimulation. J Neurophysiol 86: 2597–2604, 2001. Zn2⫹ is found in glutamatergic nerve terminals throughout the mammalian forebrain and has diverse extrace ...
... and Christopher J. Frederickson. Rapid translocation of Zn2⫹ from presynaptic terminals into postsynaptic hippocampal neurons after physiological stimulation. J Neurophysiol 86: 2597–2604, 2001. Zn2⫹ is found in glutamatergic nerve terminals throughout the mammalian forebrain and has diverse extrace ...
Possible cues driving context-specific adaptation of optocollic reflex
... Each stimulus was given in clockwise (cw) and counterclockwise (ccw) directions. A new stimulation was delivered only when the postresponses were finished. The whole body vibration was carried out, at ⬃130 Hz, with a homemade vibrator directly in contact with the holder so that it was mainly applied ...
... Each stimulus was given in clockwise (cw) and counterclockwise (ccw) directions. A new stimulation was delivered only when the postresponses were finished. The whole body vibration was carried out, at ⬃130 Hz, with a homemade vibrator directly in contact with the holder so that it was mainly applied ...
Pain - Nexcesscdn.net
... There are several terms that need to be defined when discussing pain physiology. These terms are used frequently when describing mechanisms of pain pathways and may be helpful to review. A summary of these terms is listed in Table 1.2. Nociception and pain are often used interchangeably, but their di ...
... There are several terms that need to be defined when discussing pain physiology. These terms are used frequently when describing mechanisms of pain pathways and may be helpful to review. A summary of these terms is listed in Table 1.2. Nociception and pain are often used interchangeably, but their di ...
Selective stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson`s
... Thus the classical concept is changed; there are two main input structures of the basal ganglia: striatum and STN. Several anatomical and electrophysiological studies have been performed on the monosynaptic cortico-subthalamic (‘hyperdirect’) pathway, but its functional role within the cortico-basal ...
... Thus the classical concept is changed; there are two main input structures of the basal ganglia: striatum and STN. Several anatomical and electrophysiological studies have been performed on the monosynaptic cortico-subthalamic (‘hyperdirect’) pathway, but its functional role within the cortico-basal ...