as a PDF
... In some species, such as the rat, increased production and release of angiotensin II (ANG II) into the systemic circulation mediates thirst in response to a reduction in the extracellular volume. Central nervous system (CNS)-generated ANG II is also an important thirst inducer, acting as a neurotran ...
... In some species, such as the rat, increased production and release of angiotensin II (ANG II) into the systemic circulation mediates thirst in response to a reduction in the extracellular volume. Central nervous system (CNS)-generated ANG II is also an important thirst inducer, acting as a neurotran ...
Somatosensory Cortical Activity in Relation to Arm Posture
... sual) can be quite adequate. If the task is changed or the starting arrangement is altered, however, performance degradesquickly. For example, monkeys with bilateral deafferentation of the arms can perform conditioned movements about a single joint (Knapp et al. 1963) , planar pointing movements (Po ...
... sual) can be quite adequate. If the task is changed or the starting arrangement is altered, however, performance degradesquickly. For example, monkeys with bilateral deafferentation of the arms can perform conditioned movements about a single joint (Knapp et al. 1963) , planar pointing movements (Po ...
Ventromedial Thalamic Neurons Convey Nociceptive Signals from
... 1997; Villanueva and Bernard, 1998). Recent f unctional imaging studies have shown that pain does much more than simply activate a “pain center” and involves a number of structures in the brain (Talbot et al., 1991; C asey et al., 1994; Derbyshire et al., 1997). Understanding this diversity probably ...
... 1997; Villanueva and Bernard, 1998). Recent f unctional imaging studies have shown that pain does much more than simply activate a “pain center” and involves a number of structures in the brain (Talbot et al., 1991; C asey et al., 1994; Derbyshire et al., 1997). Understanding this diversity probably ...
α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
... can aid in the identification of molecular targets for therapeutic interventions in a variety of neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases such as PD [2]. Epidemiologic studies have shown that the prevalence of PD is lower in smokers than in non-smokers. Nicotine, a potent agonist to nicotini ...
... can aid in the identification of molecular targets for therapeutic interventions in a variety of neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases such as PD [2]. Epidemiologic studies have shown that the prevalence of PD is lower in smokers than in non-smokers. Nicotine, a potent agonist to nicotini ...
Understanding Circuit Dynamics Using the Stomatogastric Nervous
... ANRV300-PH69-13 ARI 8 January 2007 ...
... ANRV300-PH69-13 ARI 8 January 2007 ...
the physiology of a lepidopteran muscle receptor
... (1965) evoked this same stretch reflex using sinusoidal stimulation and found that on occasion the system could be driven to respond at 30-40 cyc./sec. Thus the duration of muscle contraction, rather than reflex properties, limits the phasic capabilities of the legs of cockroaches. Although the stud ...
... (1965) evoked this same stretch reflex using sinusoidal stimulation and found that on occasion the system could be driven to respond at 30-40 cyc./sec. Thus the duration of muscle contraction, rather than reflex properties, limits the phasic capabilities of the legs of cockroaches. Although the stud ...
Dendrite structure
... Frequently, dendritic arbors ramify into more than one layer to access more than one type of afferent. Such is the case with the many multilaminar forms of retinal amacrine cells. At least 26 different types of amacrine cells can be identified based on their dendritic arborization patterns (Kolb et ...
... Frequently, dendritic arbors ramify into more than one layer to access more than one type of afferent. Such is the case with the many multilaminar forms of retinal amacrine cells. At least 26 different types of amacrine cells can be identified based on their dendritic arborization patterns (Kolb et ...
Dendrite structure
... Frequently, dendritic arbors ramify into more than one layer to access more than one type of afferent. Such is the case with the many multilaminar forms of retinal amacrine cells. At least 26 different types of amacrine cells can be identified based on their dendritic arborization patterns (Kolb et ...
... Frequently, dendritic arbors ramify into more than one layer to access more than one type of afferent. Such is the case with the many multilaminar forms of retinal amacrine cells. At least 26 different types of amacrine cells can be identified based on their dendritic arborization patterns (Kolb et ...
Two Types of Neurons in the Primate Globus
... NoGo trials. A trial was aborted and followed by a newly selected trial if monkeys failed to maintain eye position within a specified window. Trials of different types and in different directions were presented in a random order within a block. The saccade target was presented either 12° left or righ ...
... NoGo trials. A trial was aborted and followed by a newly selected trial if monkeys failed to maintain eye position within a specified window. Trials of different types and in different directions were presented in a random order within a block. The saccade target was presented either 12° left or righ ...
Volitional enhancement of firing synchrony and oscillation
... volitionally enhanced. Synchronous neuronal activity reflects functional connectivity among multiple neurons and had not been the target of neuronal operant conditioning, though the brain functions can be considered to be realized by activities not of individual neurons but of ensembles of populatio ...
... volitionally enhanced. Synchronous neuronal activity reflects functional connectivity among multiple neurons and had not been the target of neuronal operant conditioning, though the brain functions can be considered to be realized by activities not of individual neurons but of ensembles of populatio ...
HB-GAM (pleiotrophin) reverses inhibition of neural
... HB-GAM/pleiotrophin was initially isolated as a heparin-binding neurite outgrowth-promoting factor for central neurons8,9. Its expression peaks during the first 3–4 weeks of postnatal development in rat brain10 corresponding to heightened plasticity of the juvenile brain11. The expression level at t ...
... HB-GAM/pleiotrophin was initially isolated as a heparin-binding neurite outgrowth-promoting factor for central neurons8,9. Its expression peaks during the first 3–4 weeks of postnatal development in rat brain10 corresponding to heightened plasticity of the juvenile brain11. The expression level at t ...
Dynamic Stochastic Synapses as Computational Units
... of changes in specific parameters of a biological synapse. After the presentation of this model in section 2, we analyze the computational consequences of this model in section 3. We focus here on computations on short spike trains, which have not been addressed previously in the literature. 2 A Mod ...
... of changes in specific parameters of a biological synapse. After the presentation of this model in section 2, we analyze the computational consequences of this model in section 3. We focus here on computations on short spike trains, which have not been addressed previously in the literature. 2 A Mod ...
Chapter 21: Control and Coordination
... cell body. Notice the branching at the end of the axon. This allows the impulses to move to many other muscles, neurons, or ...
... cell body. Notice the branching at the end of the axon. This allows the impulses to move to many other muscles, neurons, or ...
Time Constants of h Current in Layer II Stellate Cells... along the Dorsal to Ventral Axis of Medial Entorhinal Cortex
... in MATLAB analyzed segments of membrane potential recorded near firing threshold. The membrane potential recordings were divided into 3-s-long windows that overlapped by 1.5 s. Windows containing a spike were removed from the analysis. The maximum length of the recording analyzed was 186 s, with a m ...
... in MATLAB analyzed segments of membrane potential recorded near firing threshold. The membrane potential recordings were divided into 3-s-long windows that overlapped by 1.5 s. Windows containing a spike were removed from the analysis. The maximum length of the recording analyzed was 186 s, with a m ...
PDF
... In this Section we consider our simple mathematical model of axon growth (Li et al., 2007; Borisyuk et al., 2008). This model has been studied in detail and has been used here for generation of the connectome model of the whole spinal cord. For the convenience of the reader we include here a brief r ...
... In this Section we consider our simple mathematical model of axon growth (Li et al., 2007; Borisyuk et al., 2008). This model has been studied in detail and has been used here for generation of the connectome model of the whole spinal cord. For the convenience of the reader we include here a brief r ...
Development of Subcellular mRNA Compartmentation in
... of particular mRNAs into dendrites, which together create the capacity for local synthesis of particular proteins, play a key role in establishing the molecular domains that allow dendrites to function as they do. Given the fact that RNA sorting and transport mechanisms are such prominent features o ...
... of particular mRNAs into dendrites, which together create the capacity for local synthesis of particular proteins, play a key role in establishing the molecular domains that allow dendrites to function as they do. Given the fact that RNA sorting and transport mechanisms are such prominent features o ...
Hypothalamus & Pituitary
... Small changes above the normal plasma osmotic pressure (285 mosm/kg) stimulate release of vasopressin ...
... Small changes above the normal plasma osmotic pressure (285 mosm/kg) stimulate release of vasopressin ...
hormonal control of cell form and number
... brain functions (Phoenix et al., 1959). The work of ToranAllerand (1976) suggests that androgens or estrogens do act directly on brain tissue, and some progress has been made at identifying central consequences of their action (Caleresu and Henry, 1971; Raisman and Field, 1973; Dyer et al., 1976; Gr ...
... brain functions (Phoenix et al., 1959). The work of ToranAllerand (1976) suggests that androgens or estrogens do act directly on brain tissue, and some progress has been made at identifying central consequences of their action (Caleresu and Henry, 1971; Raisman and Field, 1973; Dyer et al., 1976; Gr ...
Anti-Apoptotic Proteins in Nerve Cell Survival and
... diseases. During apoptosis, the intracellular proteins are degraded by various caspases, cysteine aspartases, which are regulated by pro- and anti-apoptotic signals. This thesis elucidates the role of anti-apoptotic proteins in nerve cell survival and neurodegeneration. Studies have focused on Bcl-2 ...
... diseases. During apoptosis, the intracellular proteins are degraded by various caspases, cysteine aspartases, which are regulated by pro- and anti-apoptotic signals. This thesis elucidates the role of anti-apoptotic proteins in nerve cell survival and neurodegeneration. Studies have focused on Bcl-2 ...
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[PDF]
... from the neuronal fate specification of neural stem cells. To function properly, new neurons have to integrate into appropriate neural networks and establish correct communication with other neurons. A critical step in development is neuronal maturation, which is characterized by dendritic and axonal ...
... from the neuronal fate specification of neural stem cells. To function properly, new neurons have to integrate into appropriate neural networks and establish correct communication with other neurons. A critical step in development is neuronal maturation, which is characterized by dendritic and axonal ...
the mirror-neuron system - Psychology and Neuroscience
... between the effective observed and the effective executed action. In about one third of them, the effective observed and executed actions are virtually identical (strictly congruent neurons); in the remaining, the effective observed and executed actions are similar or functionally related (broadly c ...
... between the effective observed and the effective executed action. In about one third of them, the effective observed and executed actions are virtually identical (strictly congruent neurons); in the remaining, the effective observed and executed actions are similar or functionally related (broadly c ...
Impaired insulin and insulin-like growth factor expression
... individuals to develop premature and excessive cerebral deposits of Aβ, most cases of AD-type dementia are sporadic and do not exhibit clear familial or genetic clustering. Recent exploration of biochemical, molecular, and cellular abnormalities that precede or accompany classic AD demonstrated that ...
... individuals to develop premature and excessive cerebral deposits of Aβ, most cases of AD-type dementia are sporadic and do not exhibit clear familial or genetic clustering. Recent exploration of biochemical, molecular, and cellular abnormalities that precede or accompany classic AD demonstrated that ...
Molecular neuroscience
Molecular neuroscience is a branch of neuroscience that observes concepts in molecular biology applied to the nervous systems of animals. The scope of this subject primarily pertains to a reductionist view of neuroscience, considering topics such as molecular neuroanatomy, mechanisms of molecular signaling in the nervous system, the effects of genetics on neuronal development, and the molecular basis for neuroplasticity and neurodegenerative diseases. As with molecular biology, molecular neuroscience is a relatively new field that is considerably dynamic.