Brain-implantable biomimetic electronics as the next era in neural
... remedy for the cognitive and memory loss that accompanies Alzheimer’s disease, the speech and language deficits that result from stroke, and the impaired ability to execute skilled movements following trauma to brain regions responsible for motor control. Although the barriers to creating intracrani ...
... remedy for the cognitive and memory loss that accompanies Alzheimer’s disease, the speech and language deficits that result from stroke, and the impaired ability to execute skilled movements following trauma to brain regions responsible for motor control. Although the barriers to creating intracrani ...
Induction of NADPH diaphoraselnitric oxide synthase in the spinal
... diminished. The functional significance of the transient expression of neuronal NADPH-d/NOS after the blasts remains uncertain, although from a speculative point of view, the induction of these enzymes probably would reflect an increased production of nitric oxide (NO). In view of the lack of atroph ...
... diminished. The functional significance of the transient expression of neuronal NADPH-d/NOS after the blasts remains uncertain, although from a speculative point of view, the induction of these enzymes probably would reflect an increased production of nitric oxide (NO). In view of the lack of atroph ...
What is Nervous System Fatigue and How do I Prevent it
... Nervous system fatigue can be grouped into 2 categories, peripheral and central. Central nervous system (CNS) fatigue is neural fatigue originating in the brain, brain stem, spinal cord, or spinal nerves. The exact mechanism for CNS fatigue remains largely unknown but it appears that acute CNS fatig ...
... Nervous system fatigue can be grouped into 2 categories, peripheral and central. Central nervous system (CNS) fatigue is neural fatigue originating in the brain, brain stem, spinal cord, or spinal nerves. The exact mechanism for CNS fatigue remains largely unknown but it appears that acute CNS fatig ...
Behavioral dopamine signals
... wide range of behavioral functions for ascending midbrain dopaminergic systems. However, electrophysiological and neurochemical studies during specific behavioral tasks demonstrate a more restricted spectrum of dopamine-mediated changes. Substantial increases in dopamine-mediated activity, as measur ...
... wide range of behavioral functions for ascending midbrain dopaminergic systems. However, electrophysiological and neurochemical studies during specific behavioral tasks demonstrate a more restricted spectrum of dopamine-mediated changes. Substantial increases in dopamine-mediated activity, as measur ...
Webb et al 2002 - User Web Areas at the University of York
... activity of LGN neurons, the Michaelis-Menten equation was fitted to response versus contrast functions obtained under seven stimulus conditions (Fig. 2A). We estimated values of each of the parameters R max , c50 , and n that were required to produce curves that fit the neuron’s response versus con ...
... activity of LGN neurons, the Michaelis-Menten equation was fitted to response versus contrast functions obtained under seven stimulus conditions (Fig. 2A). We estimated values of each of the parameters R max , c50 , and n that were required to produce curves that fit the neuron’s response versus con ...
Imaging Brain Slices
... acquired over the years about preparing neocortical and hippocampal slices and slice cultures, loading neurons with dyes or using biolistic transfection techniques, two-photon and second harmonic imaging, morphological reconstructions, and image processing and analysis. These techniques are used to ...
... acquired over the years about preparing neocortical and hippocampal slices and slice cultures, loading neurons with dyes or using biolistic transfection techniques, two-photon and second harmonic imaging, morphological reconstructions, and image processing and analysis. These techniques are used to ...
Neurokinin B Signaling in the Female Rat: a Novel
... to suppress the GnRH pulse generator, in a dynorphin A (Dyn)-dependent fashion, under hypoestrogenic conditions, and Dyn has been well documented to mediate several stress-related central regulatory functions. We hypothesized that the NKB/Dyn signaling cascade is required for stressinduced suppressi ...
... to suppress the GnRH pulse generator, in a dynorphin A (Dyn)-dependent fashion, under hypoestrogenic conditions, and Dyn has been well documented to mediate several stress-related central regulatory functions. We hypothesized that the NKB/Dyn signaling cascade is required for stressinduced suppressi ...
Highly Specific Olfactory Receptor Neurons for Types of Amino
... response range (EMRR) to amino acids (i.e., Group I units), we initially failed to document the occurrence of units that exhibited a broader response specificity. However, to obtain an estimate of the percentage of Group I units, we performed a subset of experiments consisting of 164 different elect ...
... response range (EMRR) to amino acids (i.e., Group I units), we initially failed to document the occurrence of units that exhibited a broader response specificity. However, to obtain an estimate of the percentage of Group I units, we performed a subset of experiments consisting of 164 different elect ...
Introduction to Psychology
... removed from daily life, everything you think, feel, and do begins with these tiny cells (Banich & Compton, 2011). Your 100 billions of neurons are accompanied by about the same number of glial cells, cells that support neurons in a variety of ways (Carlson, 2010). Neurons carry input from the sense ...
... removed from daily life, everything you think, feel, and do begins with these tiny cells (Banich & Compton, 2011). Your 100 billions of neurons are accompanied by about the same number of glial cells, cells that support neurons in a variety of ways (Carlson, 2010). Neurons carry input from the sense ...
PINK1 positively regulates HDAC3 to suppress p53
... putative kinase 1 (PINK1) directly binds to and phosphorylates HDAC3 at Ser-424 to enhance its histone deacetylase activity. We demonstrate that PINK1 prevents H2O2-induced C-terminal cleavage of HDAC3 by inhibiting caspase-7 activity, which was reversed by protein phosphatase 4c (PP4c). PINK1-media ...
... putative kinase 1 (PINK1) directly binds to and phosphorylates HDAC3 at Ser-424 to enhance its histone deacetylase activity. We demonstrate that PINK1 prevents H2O2-induced C-terminal cleavage of HDAC3 by inhibiting caspase-7 activity, which was reversed by protein phosphatase 4c (PP4c). PINK1-media ...
Full Text - J
... istered DOPA have been reported (22 – 25), most of these side effects are mainly due to dopamine and other catecholamines converted from DOPA by AADC. In fact, DOPA after being taken up into catecholaminergic neurons can be converted to dopamine and other catecholamines, which are released from cate ...
... istered DOPA have been reported (22 – 25), most of these side effects are mainly due to dopamine and other catecholamines converted from DOPA by AADC. In fact, DOPA after being taken up into catecholaminergic neurons can be converted to dopamine and other catecholamines, which are released from cate ...
stereological estimates of dopaminergic, gabaergic and
... course experiments (results not shown). An incubation time of 2.5 h at room temperature was found to produce specific labeling of cell bodies in known GABAergic or glutamatergic cell regions, without significant background. In situ hybridization procedures were also carried out using sense DIG-label ...
... course experiments (results not shown). An incubation time of 2.5 h at room temperature was found to produce specific labeling of cell bodies in known GABAergic or glutamatergic cell regions, without significant background. In situ hybridization procedures were also carried out using sense DIG-label ...
Highly Specific Olfactory Receptor Neurons for Types of Amino
... identify and discriminate extracellularly recorded action potentials were peak amplitude, valley amplitude, spike height, spike width, spike time, and time between spikes. Spike events, EOG signals, and experimental parameters (i.e., beginning of a recording period, onset of stimulation, and end of ...
... identify and discriminate extracellularly recorded action potentials were peak amplitude, valley amplitude, spike height, spike width, spike time, and time between spikes. Spike events, EOG signals, and experimental parameters (i.e., beginning of a recording period, onset of stimulation, and end of ...
Possible Mechanism Underlying
... therapeutic intervention has been widely practiced for the treatment of many functional disorders including substance abuse and mental illness in Eastern countries through diverse methods such as manual acupuncture, electroacupuncture and acupoint nerve stimulation (7). Importantly, acupuncture has ...
... therapeutic intervention has been widely practiced for the treatment of many functional disorders including substance abuse and mental illness in Eastern countries through diverse methods such as manual acupuncture, electroacupuncture and acupoint nerve stimulation (7). Importantly, acupuncture has ...
Synaptic Integration of Olfactory Information in Mouse Anterior
... For extracellular recordings, an excitatory response was defined as an elevation in firing rate during the 2 s odor presentation exceeding 2 SDs of the baseline firing rate, measured during the 4 s prestimulus interval, and significantly larger than the firing rate change induced by mineral oil (Stu ...
... For extracellular recordings, an excitatory response was defined as an elevation in firing rate during the 2 s odor presentation exceeding 2 SDs of the baseline firing rate, measured during the 4 s prestimulus interval, and significantly larger than the firing rate change induced by mineral oil (Stu ...
Fluorescence Recordings of Electrical Activity in Goldfish Optic
... styryl dye. Potential-dependent fluorescence changes following optic nerve stimulation were monitored with a photodiode. We found that large optical signals could be obtained. Experimental manipulations of the slice bathing solution permitted us to identify several events that contributed to the opt ...
... styryl dye. Potential-dependent fluorescence changes following optic nerve stimulation were monitored with a photodiode. We found that large optical signals could be obtained. Experimental manipulations of the slice bathing solution permitted us to identify several events that contributed to the opt ...
Complete morphologies of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons in
... Using this protocol, 67 well-separated forebrain cholinergic neurons were imaged and 12 of these neurons–8 from P12 brains and 4 from P30 brains–were traced (Figures 2, 3, 4B, Figure 2—figure supplement 1). Among the traced arbors, nine were in the cortex, two were in the hippocampus, and one was in ...
... Using this protocol, 67 well-separated forebrain cholinergic neurons were imaged and 12 of these neurons–8 from P12 brains and 4 from P30 brains–were traced (Figures 2, 3, 4B, Figure 2—figure supplement 1). Among the traced arbors, nine were in the cortex, two were in the hippocampus, and one was in ...
Mirror neurons and their clinical relevance
... Traditionally, it has been assumed that the understanding of actions performed by others depends on inferential reasoning.1–3 Theoretically, when we witness the actions of others, the information could initially be subjected to sensory processing and then be sent to higher order ‘association’ areas ...
... Traditionally, it has been assumed that the understanding of actions performed by others depends on inferential reasoning.1–3 Theoretically, when we witness the actions of others, the information could initially be subjected to sensory processing and then be sent to higher order ‘association’ areas ...
Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) The ANS consists of motor
... Very short postganglionic axons issue from the terminal ganglia and synapse w/ effector cells in their immediate ...
... Very short postganglionic axons issue from the terminal ganglia and synapse w/ effector cells in their immediate ...
Morphology and Physiology of the Cerebellar Vestibulolateral Lobe
... reflex (VOR) plasticity indirectly demonstrated VL to be in fact the cerebellar area related to eye and head movement signal processing (Michnovicz and Bennett 1987; Pastor et al. 1994a; Weiser et al. 1988). The role of VL was directly corroborated by recording both ipsilateral (EI) and contralatera ...
... reflex (VOR) plasticity indirectly demonstrated VL to be in fact the cerebellar area related to eye and head movement signal processing (Michnovicz and Bennett 1987; Pastor et al. 1994a; Weiser et al. 1988). The role of VL was directly corroborated by recording both ipsilateral (EI) and contralatera ...
Mapping Function Onto Neuronal Morphology
... no systematic way to determine what the functions might be. In this study, we introduce a general method to map1 neuronal function onto neuronal structure. We used genetic algorithms (GAs) to optimize the structure of neuronal dendrites for a number of computational tasks (Holland 1975; Mitchell 200 ...
... no systematic way to determine what the functions might be. In this study, we introduce a general method to map1 neuronal function onto neuronal structure. We used genetic algorithms (GAs) to optimize the structure of neuronal dendrites for a number of computational tasks (Holland 1975; Mitchell 200 ...
![[Frontiers in Bioscience 8, s438-451, May 1, 2003] 438 AROUSAL](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/005320946_1-6eb469e446a066f466aecf70147008ff-300x300.png)
Contacts among non-sister dendritic branches at
... Fig. 2 – BDIs are frequent, non-random, stable and activity regulated structures: Analysis was performed either on 12DIV cultures immunostained for MAP2, or on phase-contrast time-lapse series of images. Treatments were administered for the final 48 h before immunostaining. (A) Neuronal cultures exh ...
... Fig. 2 – BDIs are frequent, non-random, stable and activity regulated structures: Analysis was performed either on 12DIV cultures immunostained for MAP2, or on phase-contrast time-lapse series of images. Treatments were administered for the final 48 h before immunostaining. (A) Neuronal cultures exh ...
Conditioned and unconditioned regulation of human activity
... Nervous processes, which lays in the base of conditioned reflexes formation The opportunity spreading excitation in the central nervous system is caused by presence in it of numerous branches of shoots of nervous cells - axons and dendrites. Shoots connect neurons and the nervous centres in a un ...
... Nervous processes, which lays in the base of conditioned reflexes formation The opportunity spreading excitation in the central nervous system is caused by presence in it of numerous branches of shoots of nervous cells - axons and dendrites. Shoots connect neurons and the nervous centres in a un ...
Molecular neuroscience
Molecular neuroscience is a branch of neuroscience that observes concepts in molecular biology applied to the nervous systems of animals. The scope of this subject primarily pertains to a reductionist view of neuroscience, considering topics such as molecular neuroanatomy, mechanisms of molecular signaling in the nervous system, the effects of genetics on neuronal development, and the molecular basis for neuroplasticity and neurodegenerative diseases. As with molecular biology, molecular neuroscience is a relatively new field that is considerably dynamic.