brain derived neurotrophic factor transport and physiological
... functions. They have a number of shared characteristics, including similar molecular weights (13.2-15.9 kDa), isoelectric points (in the range of 9-10), and ~50% identity in primary structure. They exist in solution as noncovalently bound dimers. Six cysteine residues conserved in the same relative ...
... functions. They have a number of shared characteristics, including similar molecular weights (13.2-15.9 kDa), isoelectric points (in the range of 9-10), and ~50% identity in primary structure. They exist in solution as noncovalently bound dimers. Six cysteine residues conserved in the same relative ...
Physiological Plasticity of Single Neurons in Auditory Cortex of the
... tone in the other three sessions. The background firing rates of 21 of the 22 cells were less than 7 spikes/s, averaging 2.5/s (SE = 0.56). One cell was unique in that its background activity was very high (26 sp/s), and it was the only cell to exhibit a sustained excitatory response to acoustic sti ...
... tone in the other three sessions. The background firing rates of 21 of the 22 cells were less than 7 spikes/s, averaging 2.5/s (SE = 0.56). One cell was unique in that its background activity was very high (26 sp/s), and it was the only cell to exhibit a sustained excitatory response to acoustic sti ...
Spontaneous and Stimulus-Evoked Intrinsic Optical Signals in
... cortical surface was illuminated with narrowband light, generated by band-pass filtering (band centers, 540, 630, or 690 ⫾ 10 nm; interference filters from Edmund Scientific, Barrington, NJ) the output of a tungsten light source, and conveyed by two fiber-optic light guides. Video images of the illu ...
... cortical surface was illuminated with narrowband light, generated by band-pass filtering (band centers, 540, 630, or 690 ⫾ 10 nm; interference filters from Edmund Scientific, Barrington, NJ) the output of a tungsten light source, and conveyed by two fiber-optic light guides. Video images of the illu ...
Age-dependent effect of cholinergic lesion on dendritic morphology
... To examine age-related changes in dendritic arbor without potential spurious effects due to lesions, total length and number of apical dendrites were compared across young adult, middle-aged, and aged sham-lesioned rats using one-way ANOVA. While total number of apical branches did not vary signific ...
... To examine age-related changes in dendritic arbor without potential spurious effects due to lesions, total length and number of apical dendrites were compared across young adult, middle-aged, and aged sham-lesioned rats using one-way ANOVA. While total number of apical branches did not vary signific ...
GABAergic Influence on Taste Information in the Central Gustatory
... With the presence and some general histological characteristics of GABA receptors in the NST established, the question becomes what the functional implication of these receptors is: do the GABAergic receptors modify the processing of gustatory information? To answer this question, researchers have l ...
... With the presence and some general histological characteristics of GABA receptors in the NST established, the question becomes what the functional implication of these receptors is: do the GABAergic receptors modify the processing of gustatory information? To answer this question, researchers have l ...
Diverse functions of perineuronal nets
... degrades PNs and therefore reduces inhibitory CS proteoglycans features, was used in different experimental models (Crespo et al. 2007, Kwok et al. 2008). Studies by Pizzorusso and colleagues (2002) demonstrate that treating the mature rat visual cortex with ChABC restores ocular dominance plasticit ...
... degrades PNs and therefore reduces inhibitory CS proteoglycans features, was used in different experimental models (Crespo et al. 2007, Kwok et al. 2008). Studies by Pizzorusso and colleagues (2002) demonstrate that treating the mature rat visual cortex with ChABC restores ocular dominance plasticit ...
THE NEUROLOGIC EXAMINATION Ralph F
... 3. The anterior thalamic nuclei have reciprocal connections with the mammillary bodies and the cingulate gyrus; it is considered part of the limbic system. 4. The lateral thalamic nuclei serve as relays for sensory and motor information; they project to modality-specific regions of cerebral cortex w ...
... 3. The anterior thalamic nuclei have reciprocal connections with the mammillary bodies and the cingulate gyrus; it is considered part of the limbic system. 4. The lateral thalamic nuclei serve as relays for sensory and motor information; they project to modality-specific regions of cerebral cortex w ...
PDF file - University of Kentucky
... responses from tension reception aids in proprioception of the limbs. However, it is a daunting task to monitor each GTO in a mammalian muscle and related the forces exerted on each sensory neuron in relation to regional and total muscle tension. Perhaps less sophisticated skeletal muscular systems ...
... responses from tension reception aids in proprioception of the limbs. However, it is a daunting task to monitor each GTO in a mammalian muscle and related the forces exerted on each sensory neuron in relation to regional and total muscle tension. Perhaps less sophisticated skeletal muscular systems ...
Proopiomelanocortin Neurons in Nucleus Tractus Solitarius Are
... The nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) receives dense terminations from cranial visceral afferents, including those from the gastrointestinal (GI) system. Although the NTS integrates peripheral satiety signals and relays this signal to central feeding centers, little is known about which NTS neurons a ...
... The nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) receives dense terminations from cranial visceral afferents, including those from the gastrointestinal (GI) system. Although the NTS integrates peripheral satiety signals and relays this signal to central feeding centers, little is known about which NTS neurons a ...
Changes in Intracellular pH Associated with Glutamate Excitotoxicity
... to a pH, of 7.00 f 0.05 or an intracellular hydrogen ion concentration ([H+],) of 100 nM. Similar values for neuronal pH, in HEPES-buffered media have been reported previously (Nachshenand Drapeau, 1988; Koch and Barish, 1991; Raley-Susman et al., 1991). Following the establishmentof a stableresting ...
... to a pH, of 7.00 f 0.05 or an intracellular hydrogen ion concentration ([H+],) of 100 nM. Similar values for neuronal pH, in HEPES-buffered media have been reported previously (Nachshenand Drapeau, 1988; Koch and Barish, 1991; Raley-Susman et al., 1991). Following the establishmentof a stableresting ...
Avian brains and a new understanding of
... part of the amygdala were pallial, but this view was largely ignored at the time). In birds, the finding that the structures that had been called hyperstriatum, neostriatum and archistriatum were neither striatum nor pallidum raised the question of which telencephalic sector these regions did repres ...
... part of the amygdala were pallial, but this view was largely ignored at the time). In birds, the finding that the structures that had been called hyperstriatum, neostriatum and archistriatum were neither striatum nor pallidum raised the question of which telencephalic sector these regions did repres ...
EUGENE GARFIELD
... 1976, authored three books (with nearly 7(M3 scientific works referencing them) on aspects of neural scienee and neurobiology. Since 1968, when his first review article was published, Kandel’s reviews have had a significant intluenee on the field of neurobiology. (Table 1 is a list of his most-cited ...
... 1976, authored three books (with nearly 7(M3 scientific works referencing them) on aspects of neural scienee and neurobiology. Since 1968, when his first review article was published, Kandel’s reviews have had a significant intluenee on the field of neurobiology. (Table 1 is a list of his most-cited ...
BMC Neuroscience
... There is general agreement that commissural projections originate mostly from the homotopic area, and to a lesser extent from neighboring areas [e.g., [6-9]], and involve predominantly neurons in supragranular layers [reviewed in [10-12]]. It has been suggested that geographic distance is a determin ...
... There is general agreement that commissural projections originate mostly from the homotopic area, and to a lesser extent from neighboring areas [e.g., [6-9]], and involve predominantly neurons in supragranular layers [reviewed in [10-12]]. It has been suggested that geographic distance is a determin ...
Hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells form functionally
... Although the molecular, anatomical and functional diversity of cortical interneurons is well documented1–3, principal cells are typically grouped together on the basis of their cortical layer and/or subregion assignments. However, several recent observations have suggested that there are distinct s ...
... Although the molecular, anatomical and functional diversity of cortical interneurons is well documented1–3, principal cells are typically grouped together on the basis of their cortical layer and/or subregion assignments. However, several recent observations have suggested that there are distinct s ...
Review Mitochondrial movement and positioning in axons
... But what are the specific molecular signals that control mitochondrial motility in the axon? Since the activity of the growth cone has a pronounced influence on the behavior of mitochondria (Morris and Hollenbeck, 1993), we have focused on signals that affect axonal outgrowth, particularly neurotrop ...
... But what are the specific molecular signals that control mitochondrial motility in the axon? Since the activity of the growth cone has a pronounced influence on the behavior of mitochondria (Morris and Hollenbeck, 1993), we have focused on signals that affect axonal outgrowth, particularly neurotrop ...
The Diversity of Cortical Interneurons
... It is well established that neurons in the cortex are divided broadly into two major classes: glutamatergic excitatory projection neurons (pyramidal cells) and -aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic inhibitory local circuit neurons (interneurons). Henceforth, I will refer to interneurons as GABAergic local ...
... It is well established that neurons in the cortex are divided broadly into two major classes: glutamatergic excitatory projection neurons (pyramidal cells) and -aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic inhibitory local circuit neurons (interneurons). Henceforth, I will refer to interneurons as GABAergic local ...
Regional Differentiation of the Medial Prefrontal Cortex in
... • mPFCv or IL: projects to brainstem cell groups involved in central autonomic control, including NTS (primary central terminus of inputs carried by the vagus and glossopharyngeal nerves) • PVH innervates both NTS and motor nuclei of vagus and glossopharyngeal nerves ...
... • mPFCv or IL: projects to brainstem cell groups involved in central autonomic control, including NTS (primary central terminus of inputs carried by the vagus and glossopharyngeal nerves) • PVH innervates both NTS and motor nuclei of vagus and glossopharyngeal nerves ...
EMG/ Nerve Conduction Studies
... – Five leg muscles and paraspinal muscles • When only PSW and Fibs were considered abnormal – By criteria: i)Two limb muscles plus PSM or ii)two limb muscles or iii) one limb and PSM ...
... – Five leg muscles and paraspinal muscles • When only PSW and Fibs were considered abnormal – By criteria: i)Two limb muscles plus PSM or ii)two limb muscles or iii) one limb and PSM ...
Fluorescent in situ hybridization technique for cell type identification
... cell types, because, if we want to compare something across species, we need to compare the same thing. In the cerebral cortex, there are two fundamental cell types, excitatory and inhibitory neurons [23]. These two types can be unambiguously identified by expression of vesicular glutamate transport ...
... cell types, because, if we want to compare something across species, we need to compare the same thing. In the cerebral cortex, there are two fundamental cell types, excitatory and inhibitory neurons [23]. These two types can be unambiguously identified by expression of vesicular glutamate transport ...
Neural Mechanisms of Reflex Reversal in Coxo
... to CBCO (top) was composed of stretch (downward) and release (upward) movements, each made of a succession of small ramps: following traces show intracellular recordings of all 12 Dep MNs of left fifth hemiganglion (all 12 recordings were performed in same experiment, though not in order in which th ...
... to CBCO (top) was composed of stretch (downward) and release (upward) movements, each made of a succession of small ramps: following traces show intracellular recordings of all 12 Dep MNs of left fifth hemiganglion (all 12 recordings were performed in same experiment, though not in order in which th ...
Multi-item Memory in the Primate Prefrontal Cortex
... One of the first hints that the prefrontal cortex was important for impulse control and the control of context-dependent behavior was the case of frontal damage in the patient Phineas Gage (Harlow, 1848, 1868). Gage recovered from the passage of an iron rod through his frontal cortex and exhibited ...
... One of the first hints that the prefrontal cortex was important for impulse control and the control of context-dependent behavior was the case of frontal damage in the patient Phineas Gage (Harlow, 1848, 1868). Gage recovered from the passage of an iron rod through his frontal cortex and exhibited ...
D2 receptor overexpression in the striatum leads to a deficit in
... (D2Rs) in the striatum and another is a decrease in the GABAergic function in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Whether these two defects are functionally linked is not known. We previously reported that selective overexpression of D2Rs in the striatum of the mouse causes behavioral abnormality associate ...
... (D2Rs) in the striatum and another is a decrease in the GABAergic function in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Whether these two defects are functionally linked is not known. We previously reported that selective overexpression of D2Rs in the striatum of the mouse causes behavioral abnormality associate ...
Fading memory and kernel properties of generic cortical microcircuit
... This computational model is universal (for deterministic offline digital computation) in the sense that every deterministic digital function that is computable at all (according to a well-established mathematical definition, see [41]) can be computed by some Turing machine. Before a Turing machine give ...
... This computational model is universal (for deterministic offline digital computation) in the sense that every deterministic digital function that is computable at all (according to a well-established mathematical definition, see [41]) can be computed by some Turing machine. Before a Turing machine give ...
Singing in the Brain: Investigating the Role of Adult
... Neurogenesis refers to the process of adding new neurons in the brain. It is typically a perinatal phenomenon. However, it can occur in very specific regions of the adult vertebrate brain, usually related to memory. The role of neurogenesis in memory is not yet clear. Some evidence suggests that neu ...
... Neurogenesis refers to the process of adding new neurons in the brain. It is typically a perinatal phenomenon. However, it can occur in very specific regions of the adult vertebrate brain, usually related to memory. The role of neurogenesis in memory is not yet clear. Some evidence suggests that neu ...
Supraspinal control of ejaculation
... 5-HT is released in LH at ejaculation SSRI in LH delayed onset of copulation 5-HT in LH decreased DA in Nuc. Accumb. ...
... 5-HT is released in LH at ejaculation SSRI in LH delayed onset of copulation 5-HT in LH decreased DA in Nuc. Accumb. ...