Cauda Equina Syndrome and Nitric Oxide Synthase
... with Permount. Negative controls were applied by omitting the primary antibody. Nitric oxide synthase radioassay The radioassay detection of cNOS activity was determined by the conversion of [3H]-arginine to [3H]citrulline according to the method of Bredt and Snyder (1990) with a slight modification ...
... with Permount. Negative controls were applied by omitting the primary antibody. Nitric oxide synthase radioassay The radioassay detection of cNOS activity was determined by the conversion of [3H]-arginine to [3H]citrulline according to the method of Bredt and Snyder (1990) with a slight modification ...
new techniques for imaging, digitization and analysis of
... and necks cannot currently be resolved with these software applications. While a few techniques of varying degrees of automation have been suggested for digitizing neuronal morphology from laser-scanning microscopy images (Streekstra et al., 1999, 2000; Messerli, 2000; He et al., 2003; Schmitt et al ...
... and necks cannot currently be resolved with these software applications. While a few techniques of varying degrees of automation have been suggested for digitizing neuronal morphology from laser-scanning microscopy images (Streekstra et al., 1999, 2000; Messerli, 2000; He et al., 2003; Schmitt et al ...
Synchronous Oscillatory Neural Ensembles for Rules in the
... other sites (out of a maximum of 5.0) for the orientation and color rule networks, respectively (p<10-3 for both, permutation test against random networks, see Supplemental Information). These rule-dependent networks were highly overlapping spatially (see Figure S2D for anatomical localization of ne ...
... other sites (out of a maximum of 5.0) for the orientation and color rule networks, respectively (p<10-3 for both, permutation test against random networks, see Supplemental Information). These rule-dependent networks were highly overlapping spatially (see Figure S2D for anatomical localization of ne ...
Chapter 14: Integration of Nervous System Functions
... Which of the following statements concerning the descending pathways of the spinal cord is true? A) Most descending pathways control sensory functions. B) Many of the descending pathways decussate in the midbrain. C) Descending pathways consist of upper and lower motor neurons. D) Descending pathway ...
... Which of the following statements concerning the descending pathways of the spinal cord is true? A) Most descending pathways control sensory functions. B) Many of the descending pathways decussate in the midbrain. C) Descending pathways consist of upper and lower motor neurons. D) Descending pathway ...
Linking Cognitive Neuroscience and Molecular Genetics: New Perspectives from Williams... Ursula Bellugi and Marie St. George (Eds.)
... by magnetic resonance imaging showed that the cerebral volume in both groups was smaller than that of agematched normal controls. Analyses revealed important regional differences in brain volume between the two groups of subjects. First, anterior-brain volume was found to be disproportionately reduc ...
... by magnetic resonance imaging showed that the cerebral volume in both groups was smaller than that of agematched normal controls. Analyses revealed important regional differences in brain volume between the two groups of subjects. First, anterior-brain volume was found to be disproportionately reduc ...
A Pitx transcription factor controls the establishment
... selectors for GABAergic and dopaminergic neurons, respectively (Smidt et al., 2004a; Smidt et al., 2004b; Westmoreland et al., 2001), and the ETS domain factor Pet1 (Fev – Mouse Genome Informatics) controls terminal selection of mouse serotonergic neurons (Alenina et al., 2006; Deneris, 2011; Hendri ...
... selectors for GABAergic and dopaminergic neurons, respectively (Smidt et al., 2004a; Smidt et al., 2004b; Westmoreland et al., 2001), and the ETS domain factor Pet1 (Fev – Mouse Genome Informatics) controls terminal selection of mouse serotonergic neurons (Alenina et al., 2006; Deneris, 2011; Hendri ...
ELECTRODEPOSITION OF ALLOYS, 1930 TO 1940.1 By Ci
... either DiMe-SP or [Sar9, Met (O2)11]SP was injected into the same site from another barrel of the triple-barrel micropipette. Pretreatment with WIN 51708 failed to fully block the rise in ABP following DiMe-SP, still significantly different from baseline with an increase of 11 ⫾ 3 mmHg from 107 ⫾ 5 ...
... either DiMe-SP or [Sar9, Met (O2)11]SP was injected into the same site from another barrel of the triple-barrel micropipette. Pretreatment with WIN 51708 failed to fully block the rise in ABP following DiMe-SP, still significantly different from baseline with an increase of 11 ⫾ 3 mmHg from 107 ⫾ 5 ...
computational and in vitro studies of persistent activity
... virtue of the dense reciprocal synaptic connections existent in most brain areas, notably in the frontal lobes (Goldman-Rakic, 1995). The activity would then be self-maintained for a much longer time than any of the intrinsic or synaptic time constants. As simple as this idea is, it hides an importa ...
... virtue of the dense reciprocal synaptic connections existent in most brain areas, notably in the frontal lobes (Goldman-Rakic, 1995). The activity would then be self-maintained for a much longer time than any of the intrinsic or synaptic time constants. As simple as this idea is, it hides an importa ...
Maruska & Tricas 2011
... preoptic area, but does label both the GnRH3 and GnRH2 cell groups, indicating that all of the GnRH-ir fibers in auditory regions originated from one of these two extra-hypothalamic groups (see controls below). Primary antibody incubation was followed by a PBS wash, incubation with biotinylated goat ...
... preoptic area, but does label both the GnRH3 and GnRH2 cell groups, indicating that all of the GnRH-ir fibers in auditory regions originated from one of these two extra-hypothalamic groups (see controls below). Primary antibody incubation was followed by a PBS wash, incubation with biotinylated goat ...
Matching tutor to student: rules and mechanisms for
... memory consolidation, recent memories, that are dependent on the hippocampus, are transferred to the neocortex for long-term storage [12]. Similarly, the rat motor cortex provides essential input to sub-cortical circuits during skill learning, but then becomes dispensable for executing certain skill ...
... memory consolidation, recent memories, that are dependent on the hippocampus, are transferred to the neocortex for long-term storage [12]. Similarly, the rat motor cortex provides essential input to sub-cortical circuits during skill learning, but then becomes dispensable for executing certain skill ...
spinal cord
... • Specific types of sensory input enter the primary sensory areas of the brain lobes • Adjacent areas process features in the sensory input and integrate information from different sensory areas • In the somatosensory and motor cortices, neurons are distributed according to the body part that genera ...
... • Specific types of sensory input enter the primary sensory areas of the brain lobes • Adjacent areas process features in the sensory input and integrate information from different sensory areas • In the somatosensory and motor cortices, neurons are distributed according to the body part that genera ...
Spinal Cord - Sydney University Medical Society
... Joint Receptors - these are carried via Type II fibres (~30-70m/s) o Pain / Temperature A-delta Free Nerve Endings – these Type III fibres have small amount of myelin and are associated with sharp, local pain which is typically superficial (~0.5-2m/s) C Free Nerve Endings – these Type IV fibre ...
... Joint Receptors - these are carried via Type II fibres (~30-70m/s) o Pain / Temperature A-delta Free Nerve Endings – these Type III fibres have small amount of myelin and are associated with sharp, local pain which is typically superficial (~0.5-2m/s) C Free Nerve Endings – these Type IV fibre ...
Electrophysiological and Pharmacological Evidence for the Role of
... mediated in part by NMDA and non-NMDA glutamate receptors (Uchimura et al., 1989; Pennartz et al., 1991). These excitatory responses are modulated by catecholamines, as indicated by the effects of stimulation of VTA or locus coeruleus, the major source of dopaminergic and noradrenergic inputs, respe ...
... mediated in part by NMDA and non-NMDA glutamate receptors (Uchimura et al., 1989; Pennartz et al., 1991). These excitatory responses are modulated by catecholamines, as indicated by the effects of stimulation of VTA or locus coeruleus, the major source of dopaminergic and noradrenergic inputs, respe ...
Figure and Ground in the Visual Cortex: V2 Combines Stereoscopic
... orientation tuning for both (von der Heydt et al., 2000). Convergence of Gestalt Processing and Stereoscopic Mechanisms in Single Cells The stereoscopic selectivity of neurons provides a key to understanding the meaning of their signals. If neurons are selective for the depth order of stereoscopic e ...
... orientation tuning for both (von der Heydt et al., 2000). Convergence of Gestalt Processing and Stereoscopic Mechanisms in Single Cells The stereoscopic selectivity of neurons provides a key to understanding the meaning of their signals. If neurons are selective for the depth order of stereoscopic e ...
Volatile Solvents as Drugs of Abuse: Focus on the Cortico
... 2011). However, the intentional misuse of volatile solvents was not reported in clinical case reports or popular press until the mid-twentieth century. The first documented case was in 1946, when a boy, who was being treated for psychotic symptoms at a hospital, admitted to the attending physician t ...
... 2011). However, the intentional misuse of volatile solvents was not reported in clinical case reports or popular press until the mid-twentieth century. The first documented case was in 1946, when a boy, who was being treated for psychotic symptoms at a hospital, admitted to the attending physician t ...
A neuronal network model of primary visual cortex explains spatial
... takes one of its two possible values randomly, with 0.5 probability. The sparsity factor introduces randomness and sparsity into the connections between excitatory neurons and all the other neurons. ...
... takes one of its two possible values randomly, with 0.5 probability. The sparsity factor introduces randomness and sparsity into the connections between excitatory neurons and all the other neurons. ...
Lesser
... the multiple body parts used by each animal to explore its world. These maps seemed to be organized according to the use of the body parts rather than on their absolute proximity on the body surface. The idea that the rat cerebellum was somehow comparing the sensory information coming from different ...
... the multiple body parts used by each animal to explore its world. These maps seemed to be organized according to the use of the body parts rather than on their absolute proximity on the body surface. The idea that the rat cerebellum was somehow comparing the sensory information coming from different ...
Long thought to be solely the BRAIN`S COORDINATOR of body
... the multiple body parts used by each animal to explore its world. These maps seemed to be organized according to the use of the body parts rather than on their absolute proximity on the body surface. The idea that the rat cerebellum was somehow comparing the sensory information coming from different ...
... the multiple body parts used by each animal to explore its world. These maps seemed to be organized according to the use of the body parts rather than on their absolute proximity on the body surface. The idea that the rat cerebellum was somehow comparing the sensory information coming from different ...
Clinicopathological characteristics of patients with amyotrophic
... gene mutation [9]. Further study showed that need for TIV, impaired oculomotor movement, and becoming totally quadriplegic within 24 months of ALS onset were predictors of severe communication impairment. Therefore, we recommended early detection of impaired communication and identification of the b ...
... gene mutation [9]. Further study showed that need for TIV, impaired oculomotor movement, and becoming totally quadriplegic within 24 months of ALS onset were predictors of severe communication impairment. Therefore, we recommended early detection of impaired communication and identification of the b ...
Information Processing in the Rostral Solitary Nucleus: Modulation
... pathways which contribute to discriminative vs. reflexive behavior) or those serving different functions within the same pathway (e.g. excitatory vs. inhibitory; projection neuron vs. interneuron). The transfer function of an individual rNST neuron is a consequence of its cellular properties and sur ...
... pathways which contribute to discriminative vs. reflexive behavior) or those serving different functions within the same pathway (e.g. excitatory vs. inhibitory; projection neuron vs. interneuron). The transfer function of an individual rNST neuron is a consequence of its cellular properties and sur ...
Mental Processes -- How the Mind Arises from the Brain Roger Ellman
... structure and its biological / electrochemical functioning. But, it is the "software", how the neural components logically interact, that produces the results that we experience in our own minds. The objective is intelligence -- how we see, think, remember, know ourselves, learn, plan create. To des ...
... structure and its biological / electrochemical functioning. But, it is the "software", how the neural components logically interact, that produces the results that we experience in our own minds. The objective is intelligence -- how we see, think, remember, know ourselves, learn, plan create. To des ...
16-2 The Sympathetic Division
... • In brain stem and spinal cord, are known as preganglionic neurons • Preganglionic fibers • Axons of preganglionic neurons • Leave CNS and synapse on ganglionic neurons ...
... • In brain stem and spinal cord, are known as preganglionic neurons • Preganglionic fibers • Axons of preganglionic neurons • Leave CNS and synapse on ganglionic neurons ...
A Computational Model of the Amygdala Nuclei`s Role in - laral
... of these empirical data. Trying to build detailed biologically plausible computational models is a necessary step to overcome this knowledge gap. The current most influential models on classical conditioning, those based on “temporaldifference reward prediction error” [3, 4] , suffer of several limi ...
... of these empirical data. Trying to build detailed biologically plausible computational models is a necessary step to overcome this knowledge gap. The current most influential models on classical conditioning, those based on “temporaldifference reward prediction error” [3, 4] , suffer of several limi ...
What Causes Eye Pain? | SpringerLink
... [9, 10]. In the eyeball, a fraction of them respond exclusively to noxious mechanical forces and are called mechano-nociceptors [11••]. The majority is also excited by mechanical stimuli and additionally respond to heat ([40 C) and to a large variety of exogenous irritant chemicals, bacterial toxin ...
... [9, 10]. In the eyeball, a fraction of them respond exclusively to noxious mechanical forces and are called mechano-nociceptors [11••]. The majority is also excited by mechanical stimuli and additionally respond to heat ([40 C) and to a large variety of exogenous irritant chemicals, bacterial toxin ...