Notch resolves mixed neural identities in the
... The Notch signaling pathway plays a central role in the generation of diversity within the Drosophila nervous system. Upon binding by ligands from the DSL family (for Delta, Serrate, Lag2), Notch is proteolyzed and its intracellular domain (Notchintra) translocates to the nucleus, where, together wi ...
... The Notch signaling pathway plays a central role in the generation of diversity within the Drosophila nervous system. Upon binding by ligands from the DSL family (for Delta, Serrate, Lag2), Notch is proteolyzed and its intracellular domain (Notchintra) translocates to the nucleus, where, together wi ...
Social perception from visual cues: role of the STS region
... the observer. This effect occurred whether the eyes were viewed in isolation or in the context of a full face. The ERP effects evoked by eye movement were not produced by movement per se. The exact regions of cortex that generate N170 cannot be determined from scalp recordings, but the results sugge ...
... the observer. This effect occurred whether the eyes were viewed in isolation or in the context of a full face. The ERP effects evoked by eye movement were not produced by movement per se. The exact regions of cortex that generate N170 cannot be determined from scalp recordings, but the results sugge ...
a.Nerve Regeneration
... remains intact, cut or compressed axons can regenerate: – Post-trauma axon regrowth is never exactly the same as what existed before the injury – Much of the functional recovery after nerve injury involves retraining the nervous system to respond appropriately so that stimulus and response are coord ...
... remains intact, cut or compressed axons can regenerate: – Post-trauma axon regrowth is never exactly the same as what existed before the injury – Much of the functional recovery after nerve injury involves retraining the nervous system to respond appropriately so that stimulus and response are coord ...
Early Neuronal Loss and Axonal/Presynaptic Damage is Associated
... leads to dementia in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is consequence of a severe loss of synapses and neurons that selectively affects particular cell subpopulations in brain areas critical for learning and memory [1–6]. Although transgenic mice, based on the overexpression of proteins harboring one or seve ...
... leads to dementia in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is consequence of a severe loss of synapses and neurons that selectively affects particular cell subpopulations in brain areas critical for learning and memory [1–6]. Although transgenic mice, based on the overexpression of proteins harboring one or seve ...
Learning in the oculomotor system: from molecules to behavior
... changes. Some clues are provided by in vitro studies, which have begun to identify forms of synaptic plasticity in the circuit for the VOR. One particular form of plasticity in the cerebellar cortex has received the most attention, long-term depression of synapses from parallel fibers to Purkinje ce ...
... changes. Some clues are provided by in vitro studies, which have begun to identify forms of synaptic plasticity in the circuit for the VOR. One particular form of plasticity in the cerebellar cortex has received the most attention, long-term depression of synapses from parallel fibers to Purkinje ce ...
Cellular mechanisms underlying network synchrony in the medial
... STDP (Spike Timing-Dependent Plasticity) Increasing or decreasing in the efficacy of synaptic transmission (known as synaptic plasticity) The timing sensitivities are on the order of milliseconds. ...
... STDP (Spike Timing-Dependent Plasticity) Increasing or decreasing in the efficacy of synaptic transmission (known as synaptic plasticity) The timing sensitivities are on the order of milliseconds. ...
Can regenerating axons recapitulate developmental
... respectively, to repel the CST fibre dorsally and contralaterally. Decussated fibres are then propelled caudally down the spinal cord by a gradient of WNT1/WNT5A interacting with neuronal RYK. Along the spinal cord midline, ephrin B3 prevents re-crossing by interacting with neuronal EphA4. ...
... respectively, to repel the CST fibre dorsally and contralaterally. Decussated fibres are then propelled caudally down the spinal cord by a gradient of WNT1/WNT5A interacting with neuronal RYK. Along the spinal cord midline, ephrin B3 prevents re-crossing by interacting with neuronal EphA4. ...
Neural Interaction in Cat Primary Auditory Cortex. Dependence on
... probability of making just one contact was -0.1. Probabilities for making more than one contact were negligibly small; thus in the system of pyramidal cell to pyramidal cell connections the influence of one neuron onto another’s is very weak. Transcolumnar interaction was suggested to be at least an ...
... probability of making just one contact was -0.1. Probabilities for making more than one contact were negligibly small; thus in the system of pyramidal cell to pyramidal cell connections the influence of one neuron onto another’s is very weak. Transcolumnar interaction was suggested to be at least an ...
- Philsci
... stabilization abilities comparable to those of the intact system. This has happened to be the case: the authors have therefore concluded that the electro-mechanical device was a good substitute for the rs component – and, as a consequence, that the rs component actually exhibited the hypothesized in ...
... stabilization abilities comparable to those of the intact system. This has happened to be the case: the authors have therefore concluded that the electro-mechanical device was a good substitute for the rs component – and, as a consequence, that the rs component actually exhibited the hypothesized in ...
Link
... 33], the investigation of the SC during the execution of saccadic eye movements has been limited to a few reports [25,34–36], mostly due to methodological challenges like insufficient spatial resolution and low signal-to-noise ratio for this small and deeply located subcortical brain region. However ...
... 33], the investigation of the SC during the execution of saccadic eye movements has been limited to a few reports [25,34–36], mostly due to methodological challenges like insufficient spatial resolution and low signal-to-noise ratio for this small and deeply located subcortical brain region. However ...
Review. Glial cells in neuronal network function
... on neuronal network activity are largely unknown. Several findings suggest that this influence does not consist of simple regulation of neuronal membrane potential through activation of postsynaptic receptors—such as NMDA receptor-mediated slow inward currents (SICs) or gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA ...
... on neuronal network activity are largely unknown. Several findings suggest that this influence does not consist of simple regulation of neuronal membrane potential through activation of postsynaptic receptors—such as NMDA receptor-mediated slow inward currents (SICs) or gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA ...
Viewpoint Synaptic Connectivity and Neuronal Morphology: Two
... morphology: the existence of branching dendrites and axons and the presence of dendritic spines. Therefore, the requirement of high interconnectivity is, in itself, sufficient to account for the existence of these features. Moreover, the actual lengths of axons and dendrites are close to the smalles ...
... morphology: the existence of branching dendrites and axons and the presence of dendritic spines. Therefore, the requirement of high interconnectivity is, in itself, sufficient to account for the existence of these features. Moreover, the actual lengths of axons and dendrites are close to the smalles ...
Neural Coding and Auditory Perception
... experiment. In the congenitally deaf cats, the rate responses of only half as many neurons (42% vs. 82%) exhibited significant ITD sensitivity for low-rate periodic pulse trains compared to acutely deafened cats. The congenitally deaf cats also showed increased levels of spontaneous activity and inc ...
... experiment. In the congenitally deaf cats, the rate responses of only half as many neurons (42% vs. 82%) exhibited significant ITD sensitivity for low-rate periodic pulse trains compared to acutely deafened cats. The congenitally deaf cats also showed increased levels of spontaneous activity and inc ...
The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves
... There are 8 pairs of cervical nerves, 12 pairs of thoracic nerves, 5 pairs of lumber nerves, 5 pairs of sacral nerves & 1 pair of coccygeal nerve. Spinal nerves are the path of communication between the spinal cord & most of the body. Spinal roots are the two points of attachment that connect ...
... There are 8 pairs of cervical nerves, 12 pairs of thoracic nerves, 5 pairs of lumber nerves, 5 pairs of sacral nerves & 1 pair of coccygeal nerve. Spinal nerves are the path of communication between the spinal cord & most of the body. Spinal roots are the two points of attachment that connect ...
From spike frequency to free recall:
... Appropriate encoding dynamics require strong afferent input from entorhinal cortex. At the same time, the internal connections of the hippocampus (including both recurrent connections in region CA3 and the Schaffer collaterals from CA3 to CA1) would undergo strong synaptic modification, but weak syn ...
... Appropriate encoding dynamics require strong afferent input from entorhinal cortex. At the same time, the internal connections of the hippocampus (including both recurrent connections in region CA3 and the Schaffer collaterals from CA3 to CA1) would undergo strong synaptic modification, but weak syn ...
Jesús Pujol Martí Neural map organization and development in the lateral-line system
... analyzing the consequences of damage to specific regions of the brain. More recently, the study of the brain activity has brought to light some fundamental principles of nervous system function. Nowadays, it is even possible to manipulate neuronal activity in intact behaving animals and ask for its ...
... analyzing the consequences of damage to specific regions of the brain. More recently, the study of the brain activity has brought to light some fundamental principles of nervous system function. Nowadays, it is even possible to manipulate neuronal activity in intact behaving animals and ask for its ...
Abstract The cochiear nucleus of the barn owl is composed of two
... Mean phase changes with frequency. The effect of small changes in stimulus frequency on the mean phase of a unit’s response (equivalent to the position of the histogram peak) was examined in 179 units. An example of such an experiment is shown in Figure 3. In this case, as in every other, an increas ...
... Mean phase changes with frequency. The effect of small changes in stimulus frequency on the mean phase of a unit’s response (equivalent to the position of the histogram peak) was examined in 179 units. An example of such an experiment is shown in Figure 3. In this case, as in every other, an increas ...
Computational principles underlying recognition
... basic structure—no additional prior assumptions were made. The optimal shapes of the filters and corresponding nonlinearities as well as the weight factors were found by a genetic learning algorithm (Mitchell 1998; Clemens and Ronacher 2013; Clemens and Hennig 2013). The algorithm started from a ran ...
... basic structure—no additional prior assumptions were made. The optimal shapes of the filters and corresponding nonlinearities as well as the weight factors were found by a genetic learning algorithm (Mitchell 1998; Clemens and Ronacher 2013; Clemens and Hennig 2013). The algorithm started from a ran ...
InterimSummary The Nature of Learning
... Let’s us see how this circuit works. If we present a 1000-Hz tone, we find that the animal makes no reaction because the synapse connecting the tone-sensitive neuron with the neuron in the motor system is weak. That is, when an action potential reaches the terminal button of synapse T (tone), the ex ...
... Let’s us see how this circuit works. If we present a 1000-Hz tone, we find that the animal makes no reaction because the synapse connecting the tone-sensitive neuron with the neuron in the motor system is weak. That is, when an action potential reaches the terminal button of synapse T (tone), the ex ...
Hippocampus, 22, 1703-1719
... response to afferent stimulation (Madison and Nicoll, 1982, 1984; Haas and Greene, 1984). Learning-dependent AHP plasticity has been repeatedly reported in multiple species following acquisition of several different multitrial tasks. In the earliest example, decreases in peak AHP amplitude of rabbit ...
... response to afferent stimulation (Madison and Nicoll, 1982, 1984; Haas and Greene, 1984). Learning-dependent AHP plasticity has been repeatedly reported in multiple species following acquisition of several different multitrial tasks. In the earliest example, decreases in peak AHP amplitude of rabbit ...
Functional Imaging of Central Nervous System Involvement in
... given the fact that the activation level of S2 depends on either direct or indirect inputs from S1.33 Besides, this study demonstrated the functional relevance of cortical S1 and S2 reorganization with respect to the central processing of tactile stimuli. As a possible explanation, it was suggested ...
... given the fact that the activation level of S2 depends on either direct or indirect inputs from S1.33 Besides, this study demonstrated the functional relevance of cortical S1 and S2 reorganization with respect to the central processing of tactile stimuli. As a possible explanation, it was suggested ...
Facial whisker pattern is not sufficient to instruct a
... expression in the TG and transferring somatotopic information to the brainstem (da Silva et al., 2011; Hodge et al., 2007). Such experiments seemed to indicate an instructive role of signalling from facial receptors to establish ordered connectivity at the peripheral and central level for somatotop ...
... expression in the TG and transferring somatotopic information to the brainstem (da Silva et al., 2011; Hodge et al., 2007). Such experiments seemed to indicate an instructive role of signalling from facial receptors to establish ordered connectivity at the peripheral and central level for somatotop ...
Fig. - Development - The Company of Biologists
... expression in the TG and transferring somatotopic information to the brainstem (da Silva et al., 2011; Hodge et al., 2007). Such experiments seemed to indicate an instructive role of signalling from facial receptors to establish ordered connectivity at the peripheral and central level for somatotop ...
... expression in the TG and transferring somatotopic information to the brainstem (da Silva et al., 2011; Hodge et al., 2007). Such experiments seemed to indicate an instructive role of signalling from facial receptors to establish ordered connectivity at the peripheral and central level for somatotop ...
Shape Selectivity in Primate Frontal Eye Field
... have focused on its role in saccade target selection and gaze shift control. It has been argued that FEF neurons indicate the locations of behaviorally significant visual stimuli and are not inherently sensitive to specific features of the visual stimuli per se. Here, for the first time, we directly ...
... have focused on its role in saccade target selection and gaze shift control. It has been argued that FEF neurons indicate the locations of behaviorally significant visual stimuli and are not inherently sensitive to specific features of the visual stimuli per se. Here, for the first time, we directly ...
