Vision in Drosophila - University of Queensland
... measures were often necessarily simple. Much of what is known of developmental pathways was based on disrupting highly regular structures, such as patterns of cells in the eye. Similarly, reliable visual behaviors such as phototaxis and motion responses provided a solid foundation for dissecting vis ...
... measures were often necessarily simple. Much of what is known of developmental pathways was based on disrupting highly regular structures, such as patterns of cells in the eye. Similarly, reliable visual behaviors such as phototaxis and motion responses provided a solid foundation for dissecting vis ...
hypothalamus, pit..
... The hypothalamus consists of a complex assemblage of cell groups. The borders of these cell groups often are not quite as distinct as those shown in the drawings, but the different cell groups are also distinguished based upon their neurotransmitters, functions, and connections. In general, the hypo ...
... The hypothalamus consists of a complex assemblage of cell groups. The borders of these cell groups often are not quite as distinct as those shown in the drawings, but the different cell groups are also distinguished based upon their neurotransmitters, functions, and connections. In general, the hypo ...
PDF Document
... in the peripheral nervous system may be sparsely scattered throughout a large volume of tissue, necessitat- in human patients (78, 79). Many clinical ing broad areas of illumination. Opsin expression over long distances may be required because of the trials that use viral vectors to deliver othlengt ...
... in the peripheral nervous system may be sparsely scattered throughout a large volume of tissue, necessitat- in human patients (78, 79). Many clinical ing broad areas of illumination. Opsin expression over long distances may be required because of the trials that use viral vectors to deliver othlengt ...
the medial division of the medial geniculate body of the cat
... The structure of neurons and axons was studied in the medial division of the medial geniculate body of the cat with the Golgi methods. The results show that the medial division consists of morphologically heterogeneous neurons. The main types, in descending order of frequency, are medium-sized neuro ...
... The structure of neurons and axons was studied in the medial division of the medial geniculate body of the cat with the Golgi methods. The results show that the medial division consists of morphologically heterogeneous neurons. The main types, in descending order of frequency, are medium-sized neuro ...
After all, it`s still replication: A reply to Jacob on simulation and mirror
... the foundations on which this answer was grounded. As I said earlier, MNs were first discovered in the ventral premotor area of macaque monkeys; more precisely, in the area F5. Some years before this discovery, single-cell recording experiments showed that the activity of F5 neurons is correlated wi ...
... the foundations on which this answer was grounded. As I said earlier, MNs were first discovered in the ventral premotor area of macaque monkeys; more precisely, in the area F5. Some years before this discovery, single-cell recording experiments showed that the activity of F5 neurons is correlated wi ...
Favorable Recording Criteria for Spike Sorting
... At complete overlap, spikes having identical waveforms, even when they have different amplitudes, will be perfectly correlated and all constellation points will lie on the horizontal axis. If the waveforms differ, being aligned in time still produces the maximal correlation, but it is not one. The r ...
... At complete overlap, spikes having identical waveforms, even when they have different amplitudes, will be perfectly correlated and all constellation points will lie on the horizontal axis. If the waveforms differ, being aligned in time still produces the maximal correlation, but it is not one. The r ...
An Integrative Theory on Prefrontal Cortex Function
... them. They provide bias signals throughout much of the rest of the brain, affecting not only visual processes but also other sensory modalities, as well as systems responsible for response execution, memory retrieval, emotional evaluation, etc. The aggregate effect of these bias signals is to guide ...
... them. They provide bias signals throughout much of the rest of the brain, affecting not only visual processes but also other sensory modalities, as well as systems responsible for response execution, memory retrieval, emotional evaluation, etc. The aggregate effect of these bias signals is to guide ...
Spinal Muscular Atrophy - Muscular Dystrophy Association
... which a loss of nerve cells in the spinal cord causes weakness or paralysis of variable severity. Chromosome-5-linked SMA, by far the most common form of the disease, lends itself well to certain therapeutic interventions because of its unusual genetics. In contrast to the situation in many other ge ...
... which a loss of nerve cells in the spinal cord causes weakness or paralysis of variable severity. Chromosome-5-linked SMA, by far the most common form of the disease, lends itself well to certain therapeutic interventions because of its unusual genetics. In contrast to the situation in many other ge ...
Review Getting Formal with Dopamine and Reward
... Recent neurophysiological studies reveal that neurons in certain brain structures carry specific signals about past and future rewards. Dopamine neurons display a short-latency, phasic reward signal indicating the difference between actual and predicted rewards. The signal is useful for enhancing ne ...
... Recent neurophysiological studies reveal that neurons in certain brain structures carry specific signals about past and future rewards. Dopamine neurons display a short-latency, phasic reward signal indicating the difference between actual and predicted rewards. The signal is useful for enhancing ne ...
paper - Gatsby Computational Neuroscience Unit
... the variables z1 , . . . ,zl representing a motor plan or motor commands to muscles. Recent publications show that human reasoning and learning can also be cast into the form of probabilistic inference problems [27–29]. In these models learning of concepts, ranging from concrete to more abstract one ...
... the variables z1 , . . . ,zl representing a motor plan or motor commands to muscles. Recent publications show that human reasoning and learning can also be cast into the form of probabilistic inference problems [27–29]. In these models learning of concepts, ranging from concrete to more abstract one ...
Reference frames for representing the location of visual and tactile
... VIP16. VIP neurons respond to visual, somatosensory, auditory and vestibular stimuli3,17–20. In a study designed to investigate the reference frame used to represent visual space, it was found that, contrary to most visual areas, VIP contains neurons with head-centered and partially shifting visual ...
... VIP16. VIP neurons respond to visual, somatosensory, auditory and vestibular stimuli3,17–20. In a study designed to investigate the reference frame used to represent visual space, it was found that, contrary to most visual areas, VIP contains neurons with head-centered and partially shifting visual ...
Effect of Tactile Inputs on Thalamic Responses to Noxious
... Conditioning tactile stimulation had a predominantly inhibitory effect on later neuronal responses to noxious CRD, manifested as a reduction in impulse counts in response to CRD with preceding tactile response in comparison with the control responses. Of the 19 neurons that were excited by CRD, a re ...
... Conditioning tactile stimulation had a predominantly inhibitory effect on later neuronal responses to noxious CRD, manifested as a reduction in impulse counts in response to CRD with preceding tactile response in comparison with the control responses. Of the 19 neurons that were excited by CRD, a re ...
Topographic Organization of Connections Between the Hypothalamus and
... Prefrontal cortices have been implicated in autonomic function, but their role in this activity is not well understood. Orbital and medial prefrontal cortices receive input from cortical and subcortical structures associated with emotions. Thus, the prefrontal cortex may be an essential link for aut ...
... Prefrontal cortices have been implicated in autonomic function, but their role in this activity is not well understood. Orbital and medial prefrontal cortices receive input from cortical and subcortical structures associated with emotions. Thus, the prefrontal cortex may be an essential link for aut ...
pain and emotion interactions in subregions of the cingulate gyrus
... research was on sensory-discriminative processing in the somatosensory system, which includes the primary and secondary somatosensory cortices and posterior parietal cortex. With the introduction of positron emission tomography (PET) and functional MRI (fMRI), it has become clear that other telencep ...
... research was on sensory-discriminative processing in the somatosensory system, which includes the primary and secondary somatosensory cortices and posterior parietal cortex. With the introduction of positron emission tomography (PET) and functional MRI (fMRI), it has become clear that other telencep ...
Late-onset Parkinsonism in NFjB/c-Rel
... (SIGMA). Coronal slices (30 or 10 mm thickness) were cut to obtain serial sections of the following cerebral areas using bregma-based coordinates (Franklin and Paxinos, 2008): substantia nigra pars compacta (anterior–posterior 2.54 to 3.40 mm), ventral tegmental area ...
... (SIGMA). Coronal slices (30 or 10 mm thickness) were cut to obtain serial sections of the following cerebral areas using bregma-based coordinates (Franklin and Paxinos, 2008): substantia nigra pars compacta (anterior–posterior 2.54 to 3.40 mm), ventral tegmental area ...
Appendix Basics of the Nervous System
... The sympathetic works to increase energy utilization. It is part of the emergency response system of our body. It increases heart rate, breathing and related functions while inhibiting digestion and other systems that impede our emergency responses. The parasympathetic in most cases operates on the ...
... The sympathetic works to increase energy utilization. It is part of the emergency response system of our body. It increases heart rate, breathing and related functions while inhibiting digestion and other systems that impede our emergency responses. The parasympathetic in most cases operates on the ...
Probabilistic models for spike trains of single neurons
... For this project we are mainly interested in the statistics of the spike trains and what these statistics might tell us about the computational properties of the cells. The most widely used statistic is the so called peri-stimulus time histogram or PSTH1 . PSTHs of individual neurons are obtained by ...
... For this project we are mainly interested in the statistics of the spike trains and what these statistics might tell us about the computational properties of the cells. The most widely used statistic is the so called peri-stimulus time histogram or PSTH1 . PSTHs of individual neurons are obtained by ...
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... • how the nervous system receives information from the environment • how the nervous system can store this information • how neural interactions can generate behaviour • the methodologies used to explore ...
... • how the nervous system receives information from the environment • how the nervous system can store this information • how neural interactions can generate behaviour • the methodologies used to explore ...
Wide field-of-view, twin-region two-photon imaging across extended
... simultaneously. (b) Within the same session, without moving the mouse or the microscope, the two pathways were moved to various configurations to image neuronal activity. In configuration 5, Pathway 2 was not changed from configuration 4, and Pathway 1 was moved in Z, not in X or Y. (c) Neuronal act ...
... simultaneously. (b) Within the same session, without moving the mouse or the microscope, the two pathways were moved to various configurations to image neuronal activity. In configuration 5, Pathway 2 was not changed from configuration 4, and Pathway 1 was moved in Z, not in X or Y. (c) Neuronal act ...
A Comparison of Neural Spike Classification Techniques.
... associated with the Medial Sensillum. The first classification technique to be discussed is template matching [1,2]. Each class is associated with a template vector. In our case the templates are identical to the ensemble averages. The template method computes the root of the squared difference betw ...
... associated with the Medial Sensillum. The first classification technique to be discussed is template matching [1,2]. Each class is associated with a template vector. In our case the templates are identical to the ensemble averages. The template method computes the root of the squared difference betw ...
Learning-related postburst afterhyperpolarization reduction in CA1
... hippocampus-dependent trace EBC task occluded the PKAmediated AHP reduction in CA1 pyramidal neurons. Additionally, the learning-related AHP reduction in CA1 neurons was again demonstrated ex vivo. This reproducible AHP reduction in CA1 neurons after hippocampus-dependent learning establishes it as ...
... hippocampus-dependent trace EBC task occluded the PKAmediated AHP reduction in CA1 pyramidal neurons. Additionally, the learning-related AHP reduction in CA1 neurons was again demonstrated ex vivo. This reproducible AHP reduction in CA1 neurons after hippocampus-dependent learning establishes it as ...
The Spinal Cord
... to lamina IV, these tracts cells are also known as the Nucleus Proprius (e.g. spinal thalamic tract or anterolateral system; pain and temperature, some tactile) • Receives afferent input from dorsal roots and descending fibers, most importantly Corticospinal ...
... to lamina IV, these tracts cells are also known as the Nucleus Proprius (e.g. spinal thalamic tract or anterolateral system; pain and temperature, some tactile) • Receives afferent input from dorsal roots and descending fibers, most importantly Corticospinal ...
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... to lamina IV, these tracts cells are also known as the Nucleus Proprius (e.g. spinal thalamic tract or anterolateral system; pain and temperature, some tactile) • Receives afferent input from dorsal roots and descending fibers, most importantly Corticospinal ...
... to lamina IV, these tracts cells are also known as the Nucleus Proprius (e.g. spinal thalamic tract or anterolateral system; pain and temperature, some tactile) • Receives afferent input from dorsal roots and descending fibers, most importantly Corticospinal ...