Maternal thyroid hormones are transcriptionally active during
... T3 concentration in the intracellular and nuclear compartments is dependent on (i ) the circulating levels of THs, (ii ) their rates of entry and exit in and out of the cell and the nucleus, (iii ) the rate of T4 to T3 conversion and (iv) T3 degradation in the cell [2]. The formation and degradatio ...
... T3 concentration in the intracellular and nuclear compartments is dependent on (i ) the circulating levels of THs, (ii ) their rates of entry and exit in and out of the cell and the nucleus, (iii ) the rate of T4 to T3 conversion and (iv) T3 degradation in the cell [2]. The formation and degradatio ...
Voltage-Gated Na+ Channels in the CNS
... Ronit Cherki, Ph.D., Director, Electrophysiology Group ...
... Ronit Cherki, Ph.D., Director, Electrophysiology Group ...
The Involvement of Recurrent Connections in Area CA3 in
... an important and complex role in neural dynamics in CA3. Inhibitory interneurons are spatially much less selective than pyramidal neurons, but their activity during locomotion changes periodically at the theta frequency. We ignore this temporal variation, as well as the diversity of interneurons and ...
... an important and complex role in neural dynamics in CA3. Inhibitory interneurons are spatially much less selective than pyramidal neurons, but their activity during locomotion changes periodically at the theta frequency. We ignore this temporal variation, as well as the diversity of interneurons and ...
Ventral Premotor and Inferior Parietal Cortices
... Both monkeys were trained to perform a motor task (Fig. 1A) consisting of 2 different conditions. The first part of the task was identical in the 2 conditions: starting from a fixed position (Fig. 1A, left), the monkey was required to reach and grasp a piece of food (target) using a precision grip (Fi ...
... Both monkeys were trained to perform a motor task (Fig. 1A) consisting of 2 different conditions. The first part of the task was identical in the 2 conditions: starting from a fixed position (Fig. 1A, left), the monkey was required to reach and grasp a piece of food (target) using a precision grip (Fi ...
Clonal analysis of the mushroom bodies
... Information processing and storage are two fundamental brain functions. Proper function of the brain relies on the establishment of complicated networks among different types of neurons. Mapping this cellular organization is important in understanding the molecular basis of specific brain functions, ...
... Information processing and storage are two fundamental brain functions. Proper function of the brain relies on the establishment of complicated networks among different types of neurons. Mapping this cellular organization is important in understanding the molecular basis of specific brain functions, ...
BrainFacts.org A P R I M E R ...
... Over the past two decades, scientific knowledge about the structure and function of the brain and nervous system and understanding of brain-based disorders have increased exponentially. Neuroscientists are using remarkable new tools and technologies to learn how the brain controls and responds to th ...
... Over the past two decades, scientific knowledge about the structure and function of the brain and nervous system and understanding of brain-based disorders have increased exponentially. Neuroscientists are using remarkable new tools and technologies to learn how the brain controls and responds to th ...
primer on brain facts - Chicago Society of Neuroscience
... Over the past two decades, scientific knowledge about the structure and function of the brain and nervous system and understanding of brain-based disorders have increased exponentially. Neuroscientists are using remarkable new tools and technologies to learn how the brain controls and responds to th ...
... Over the past two decades, scientific knowledge about the structure and function of the brain and nervous system and understanding of brain-based disorders have increased exponentially. Neuroscientists are using remarkable new tools and technologies to learn how the brain controls and responds to th ...
a Primer on the Brain and Nervous System
... Over the past two decades, scientific knowledge about the structure and function of the brain and nervous system and understanding of brain-based disorders have increased exponentially. Neuroscientists are using remarkable new tools and technologies to learn how the brain controls and responds to th ...
... Over the past two decades, scientific knowledge about the structure and function of the brain and nervous system and understanding of brain-based disorders have increased exponentially. Neuroscientists are using remarkable new tools and technologies to learn how the brain controls and responds to th ...
The coding of uniform colour figures in monkey visual cortex
... Psychophysical studies indicate that perception of the colour and brightness of a surface depends on neural signals evoked by the borders of the surface rather than its interior. The visual cortex emphasizes contrast borders, but it is unclear whether colour surface signals also exist, whether colou ...
... Psychophysical studies indicate that perception of the colour and brightness of a surface depends on neural signals evoked by the borders of the surface rather than its interior. The visual cortex emphasizes contrast borders, but it is unclear whether colour surface signals also exist, whether colou ...
Hindbrain noradrenergic A2 neurons: diverse roles in autonomic
... 212, 213, 230). In these and many other studies, stimulusinduced A2 neuronal activation is characterized by immunocytochemical localization of the immediate-early gene product, Fos, together with immunolabeling for TH or DbH. Increased Fos immunolabeling alone cannot reveal the circuits through whic ...
... 212, 213, 230). In these and many other studies, stimulusinduced A2 neuronal activation is characterized by immunocytochemical localization of the immediate-early gene product, Fos, together with immunolabeling for TH or DbH. Increased Fos immunolabeling alone cannot reveal the circuits through whic ...
Autonomic Nervous System
... • All postganglionic PsNS fibers release ACH • Most postganglionic SNS fibers release norepinephrine • Can be stimulatory or inhibitory based on receptor types ...
... • All postganglionic PsNS fibers release ACH • Most postganglionic SNS fibers release norepinephrine • Can be stimulatory or inhibitory based on receptor types ...
TEMPORAL AND REGIONAL REGULATION OF a1, b2 AND b3
... GABAergic synapses associated with benzodiazepine tolerance. Variable expression of receptor subunits could alter GABA receptor function and GABA or benzodiazepine pharmacology, and could be manifested behaviorally as a decreased CNS sensitivity to the drug following repeated or prolonged administra ...
... GABAergic synapses associated with benzodiazepine tolerance. Variable expression of receptor subunits could alter GABA receptor function and GABA or benzodiazepine pharmacology, and could be manifested behaviorally as a decreased CNS sensitivity to the drug following repeated or prolonged administra ...
Medullary control of nociceptive transmission
... NK1 receptors: receptors for ligation of substance P, one of the main neurotransmitters released by primary afferent nociceptive fibers in the spinal dorsal horn. NMDA receptors: subtype of Glutamate receptors involved in synaptic potentiation at several neural pathways, including the pain system. T ...
... NK1 receptors: receptors for ligation of substance P, one of the main neurotransmitters released by primary afferent nociceptive fibers in the spinal dorsal horn. NMDA receptors: subtype of Glutamate receptors involved in synaptic potentiation at several neural pathways, including the pain system. T ...
The role of the mirror neuron system in action understanding and
... neuron and the visual properties of the neuron. The relation in terms of general action between the observed and executed movement, for example grasping with the hand, is strict. Furthermore, they also have a strict relation in the manner in which the action was executed. An example is a neuron that ...
... neuron and the visual properties of the neuron. The relation in terms of general action between the observed and executed movement, for example grasping with the hand, is strict. Furthermore, they also have a strict relation in the manner in which the action was executed. An example is a neuron that ...
Dynamics and Synchronization of Motifs of Neuronal Populations in the Presence
... sensory systems. Even within a given sensory modality, there are different specializations of the receptor neurons. For example, the olfactory system has hundreds of different chemoreceptor neurons that respond optimally to different chemical compounds; the somatosensory system possesses several typ ...
... sensory systems. Even within a given sensory modality, there are different specializations of the receptor neurons. For example, the olfactory system has hundreds of different chemoreceptor neurons that respond optimally to different chemical compounds; the somatosensory system possesses several typ ...
Phase Precession and Variable Spatial Scaling in a Periodic
... Toroidal attractor model and implementation of synaptic connections in simulations. A: One-dimensional representation of the network connectivity according to the toroidal attractor model. Grid cells (in blue) are arranged in a ring. Each grid cell has synaptic connections onto nearby neurons, with ...
... Toroidal attractor model and implementation of synaptic connections in simulations. A: One-dimensional representation of the network connectivity according to the toroidal attractor model. Grid cells (in blue) are arranged in a ring. Each grid cell has synaptic connections onto nearby neurons, with ...
Neurochemical and Cellular Reorganization of the Spinal Cord in a
... Quantification of immunofluorescence levels and SPR internalization. Using an MRC -1024 confocal imaging system (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA) and an Olympus BH-2 microscope equipped for epifluorescence (Mantyh et al., 1995), sections from the lumbar spinal cord and DRGs were analyzed by fluorescent and co ...
... Quantification of immunofluorescence levels and SPR internalization. Using an MRC -1024 confocal imaging system (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA) and an Olympus BH-2 microscope equipped for epifluorescence (Mantyh et al., 1995), sections from the lumbar spinal cord and DRGs were analyzed by fluorescent and co ...
Same Spinal Interneurons Mediate Reflex Actions of Group Ib and
... interneurons mediating reflex actions from group Ib tendon organ afferents (“Ib interneurons”) and group II muscle spindle afferents (“group II interneurons”), in which both Ib and group II reflex pathways play an important role in shaping patterned movements (for review see Pearson 2004). With resp ...
... interneurons mediating reflex actions from group Ib tendon organ afferents (“Ib interneurons”) and group II muscle spindle afferents (“group II interneurons”), in which both Ib and group II reflex pathways play an important role in shaping patterned movements (for review see Pearson 2004). With resp ...
Dynamic and integrative aspects of the regulation of reproduction by
... pulses, is the code used by the nervous system to control gonadal function. The network of neurons that controls GnRH secretion is thought to be the most direct pathway via which many factors influence gonadal activity, including metabolic status (review: [2]). It has to be noted that the pituitary ...
... pulses, is the code used by the nervous system to control gonadal function. The network of neurons that controls GnRH secretion is thought to be the most direct pathway via which many factors influence gonadal activity, including metabolic status (review: [2]). It has to be noted that the pituitary ...
α7 and β2 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Subunits Form
... company partly funded this study. There are no patents, products in development or marketed products to declare. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. ...
... company partly funded this study. There are no patents, products in development or marketed products to declare. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. ...
Mirror Proposal 8-01 - USC - University of Southern California
... association between F5 motor activity and the visual stimuli resulting from this activity, will extract "hand configuration" data concerning the relation of the moving hand to an object that will readily generalize to the movements of others' hands. The model will involve a self-organization process ...
... association between F5 motor activity and the visual stimuli resulting from this activity, will extract "hand configuration" data concerning the relation of the moving hand to an object that will readily generalize to the movements of others' hands. The model will involve a self-organization process ...
Read Neuroglia
... neuroglia function definition video lesson - your brain s support system to serve protect and support that almost sounds like something you d read on the side of a police car however it s just as, neuroglia 9780199794591 medicine health science books - neuroglia 9780199794591 medicine health science ...
... neuroglia function definition video lesson - your brain s support system to serve protect and support that almost sounds like something you d read on the side of a police car however it s just as, neuroglia 9780199794591 medicine health science books - neuroglia 9780199794591 medicine health science ...
Production and Survival of Projection Neurons in a Forebrain Vocal
... stringent criterion for autoradiographic labeling we used, based on mean nuclear diameter, tends to ignore small pieces of 3H-labeled nuclei, which rarely if ever meet criterion level (Clark et al., 1990). This minimizes potential double-counting errors and, within the range of nuclear diameters fou ...
... stringent criterion for autoradiographic labeling we used, based on mean nuclear diameter, tends to ignore small pieces of 3H-labeled nuclei, which rarely if ever meet criterion level (Clark et al., 1990). This minimizes potential double-counting errors and, within the range of nuclear diameters fou ...
Stimulus (physiology)
In physiology, a stimulus (plural stimuli) is a detectable change in the internal or external environment. The ability of an organism or organ to respond to external stimuli is called sensitivity. When a stimulus is applied to a sensory receptor, it normally elicits or influences a reflex via stimulus transduction. These sensory receptors can receive information from outside the body, as in touch receptors found in the skin or light receptors in the eye, as well as from inside the body, as in chemoreceptors and mechanorceptors. An internal stimulus is often the first component of a homeostatic control system. External stimuli are capable of producing systemic responses throughout the body, as in the fight-or-flight response. In order for a stimulus to be detected with high probability, its level must exceed the absolute threshold; if a signal does reach threshold, the information is transmitted to the central nervous system (CNS), where it is integrated and a decision on how to react is made. Although stimuli commonly cause the body to respond, it is the CNS that finally determines whether a signal causes a reaction or not.