studying the isolated central nervous system
... specific directional information along all five arms, and this was stopped if the radial nerve was cut. If the cut was half-way along one of the other arms, the direction change of pointing would take place over the whole of the starfish up to the position of the cut, but the tube feet beyond the cu ...
... specific directional information along all five arms, and this was stopped if the radial nerve was cut. If the cut was half-way along one of the other arms, the direction change of pointing would take place over the whole of the starfish up to the position of the cut, but the tube feet beyond the cu ...
Module 5 – Spinal Cord and Peripheral Nerves The Spinal Cord
... The cell bodies of neurons within the grey matter are organised into functional groups called nuclei: ...
... The cell bodies of neurons within the grey matter are organised into functional groups called nuclei: ...
cHaPter 3
... to the naked eye. You cannot see that it is densely packed with structures, systems, functions, connections and interconnections, many of which are still not fully understood. Within the brain’s tissue are roughly 86 billion individual nerve cells called neurons. Each neuron is connected to between ...
... to the naked eye. You cannot see that it is densely packed with structures, systems, functions, connections and interconnections, many of which are still not fully understood. Within the brain’s tissue are roughly 86 billion individual nerve cells called neurons. Each neuron is connected to between ...
Contrast-dependence of surround suppression in
... Article history: Received 25 September 2009 Revised 3 December 2009 Accepted 11 January 2010 Available online 15 January 2010 ...
... Article history: Received 25 September 2009 Revised 3 December 2009 Accepted 11 January 2010 Available online 15 January 2010 ...
Fig. 1
... antibody (1/5000, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) for 1 h at room temperature. Antibody binding was visualized by ECL Amersham) and the results were quantified with the Image J software. The quantified values were normalized to the values obtained for a control antibody to correct for variation in the amoun ...
... antibody (1/5000, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) for 1 h at room temperature. Antibody binding was visualized by ECL Amersham) and the results were quantified with the Image J software. The quantified values were normalized to the values obtained for a control antibody to correct for variation in the amoun ...
Distinct roles of transcription factors EGL-46 and DAF
... al., 2001), and osm-6 has been shown to be regulated by a RFX transcription factor DAF-19, which plays a critical role in general sensory cilium differentiation (Swoboda et al., 2000; Haycraft et al., 2001). We report the isolation of an allele of egl-46, a putative zincfinger transcription factor, ...
... al., 2001), and osm-6 has been shown to be regulated by a RFX transcription factor DAF-19, which plays a critical role in general sensory cilium differentiation (Swoboda et al., 2000; Haycraft et al., 2001). We report the isolation of an allele of egl-46, a putative zincfinger transcription factor, ...
Neuronal and microglial cathepsins in aging and age
... members of cathepsins are also involved in extracellular proteolysis resulting in pathological conditions. Leakage of cathepsins into the cytoplasm is often achieved by the endocytosis of oxidizable substrates that destabilize the lysosomal membranes through lipid peroxidation. It has been proposed ...
... members of cathepsins are also involved in extracellular proteolysis resulting in pathological conditions. Leakage of cathepsins into the cytoplasm is often achieved by the endocytosis of oxidizable substrates that destabilize the lysosomal membranes through lipid peroxidation. It has been proposed ...
2906_lect8
... by which, after long-term exposure to an odorant, one is no longer able to detect that odorant or has very diminished detection ability Example: Going out of town, coming back and noticing how your house smells ...
... by which, after long-term exposure to an odorant, one is no longer able to detect that odorant or has very diminished detection ability Example: Going out of town, coming back and noticing how your house smells ...
Investigator/Program Director (Last, First, Middle): Nick, Teresa A.
... understood. My career goal is to break the neural code that underlies vocal learning and to understand, down to the ion channel, how vocal plasticity is orchestrated. As an undergraduate, I realized that the brain is an integrative organ. Information acquired across time through the organism’s inter ...
... understood. My career goal is to break the neural code that underlies vocal learning and to understand, down to the ion channel, how vocal plasticity is orchestrated. As an undergraduate, I realized that the brain is an integrative organ. Information acquired across time through the organism’s inter ...
online age page age page proofs proofs
... to the naked eye. You cannot see that it is densely packed with structures, systems, functions, connections and interconnections, many of which are still not fully understood. Within the brain’s tissue are roughly 86 billion individual nerve cells called neurons. Each neuron is connected to between ...
... to the naked eye. You cannot see that it is densely packed with structures, systems, functions, connections and interconnections, many of which are still not fully understood. Within the brain’s tissue are roughly 86 billion individual nerve cells called neurons. Each neuron is connected to between ...
Somatodendritic dopamine release - Philosophical Transactions of
... [88,91 –94], with greater susceptibility of ventral tier neurons of the SNc to degeneration in PD (and animal models of the disease) than those in the dorsal tier of SNc or the VTA [95,96]. Among other biochemical differences, dorsal tier SNc DA neurons and VTA DA neurons are enriched in the Ca2þ-bu ...
... [88,91 –94], with greater susceptibility of ventral tier neurons of the SNc to degeneration in PD (and animal models of the disease) than those in the dorsal tier of SNc or the VTA [95,96]. Among other biochemical differences, dorsal tier SNc DA neurons and VTA DA neurons are enriched in the Ca2þ-bu ...
Genetically identified spinal interneurons integrating tactile afferents
... spinal neurons that receive tactile inputs from sensory neurons innervating the skin. As a result, the circuits that include these spinal neurons have been revealed to play important roles in specific aspects of motor function. We describe these genetically identified spinal neurons that integrate t ...
... spinal neurons that receive tactile inputs from sensory neurons innervating the skin. As a result, the circuits that include these spinal neurons have been revealed to play important roles in specific aspects of motor function. We describe these genetically identified spinal neurons that integrate t ...
Effect of Lesions of the Ventrolateral Preoptic Nucleus on NREM and
... Nissl staining The V L PO cluster is recognizable in normal brains as a dense cellular aggregation whose neurons are slightly larger and more darkly stained than those in the adjacent preoptic region but smaller and less darkly stained than those in supraoptic neurons. However, in lesioned animals t ...
... Nissl staining The V L PO cluster is recognizable in normal brains as a dense cellular aggregation whose neurons are slightly larger and more darkly stained than those in the adjacent preoptic region but smaller and less darkly stained than those in supraoptic neurons. However, in lesioned animals t ...
Pain in Down`s Syndrome
... analgesia by inhibiting the excitability of these nerves or the release of proinflammatory neuropeptides[28]. In fact, during inflammatory processes, opioid receptors are transported from dorsal root ganglia towards the peripheral sensory nerve endings. At the same time, immune cells containing endo ...
... analgesia by inhibiting the excitability of these nerves or the release of proinflammatory neuropeptides[28]. In fact, during inflammatory processes, opioid receptors are transported from dorsal root ganglia towards the peripheral sensory nerve endings. At the same time, immune cells containing endo ...
Mirroring others` emotions relates to empathy and
... internal simulation of others’ emotions via this mechanism is also thought to support our ability to empathize with others — particularly the affective (“I feel what you feel”) aspects of empathy (for a distinction between emotional and cognitive perspective-taking components of empathy, see Baron-C ...
... internal simulation of others’ emotions via this mechanism is also thought to support our ability to empathize with others — particularly the affective (“I feel what you feel”) aspects of empathy (for a distinction between emotional and cognitive perspective-taking components of empathy, see Baron-C ...
PDF
... familiarity and for acoustic properties (amplitude and spectral power). The degree of familiarity, i.e. the level of confidence with which the subjects judged their recognition, was equivalent in both groups. The acoustics characteristics were controlled with the same approach as described previousl ...
... familiarity and for acoustic properties (amplitude and spectral power). The degree of familiarity, i.e. the level of confidence with which the subjects judged their recognition, was equivalent in both groups. The acoustics characteristics were controlled with the same approach as described previousl ...
Intracellular Features Predicted by Extracellular
... indicate that, on average, action potentials are initiated in the perisomatic region and propagate to the dendrites at 1.68 m/s. Finally we determined that a tetrode in hippocampal area CA1 theoretically should be able to record electrical signals from ⬃1,000 neurons. Of these, 60 –100 neurons shoul ...
... indicate that, on average, action potentials are initiated in the perisomatic region and propagate to the dendrites at 1.68 m/s. Finally we determined that a tetrode in hippocampal area CA1 theoretically should be able to record electrical signals from ⬃1,000 neurons. Of these, 60 –100 neurons shoul ...
Introduction to biophysics
... or indirect inhibitory connections by connecting to an inhibitory interneuron, which in turn connects to another pyramidal cell. The probability of connection is very high for nearby pyramidal neurons and drops off at about 30 µm. Therefore, neurons within a cortical column, which is a cross-section ...
... or indirect inhibitory connections by connecting to an inhibitory interneuron, which in turn connects to another pyramidal cell. The probability of connection is very high for nearby pyramidal neurons and drops off at about 30 µm. Therefore, neurons within a cortical column, which is a cross-section ...
NUCLEI-SPECIFIC RESPONSE TO PAIN IN THE BED NUCLEUS OF THE By
... colleagues developed a transgenic mouse that self-expressed a wheat germ agglutinin tracer driven by the Nav1.8 sodium channel gene. This type of channel is expressed exclusively on non-peptidergic C-fibres (Julius & McCleskey, 2006). Because the tracer was expressed only in non-peptidergic C-fibre ...
... colleagues developed a transgenic mouse that self-expressed a wheat germ agglutinin tracer driven by the Nav1.8 sodium channel gene. This type of channel is expressed exclusively on non-peptidergic C-fibres (Julius & McCleskey, 2006). Because the tracer was expressed only in non-peptidergic C-fibre ...
Projection patterns from the amygdaloid nuclear complex to
... complex were predominant, while ones at the contralateral side were meager. For midline injections, the majority of labeled cells were located in the medial portion of the medial amygdaloid nucleus (Fig. 2C, asterisks). On the other hand, for lateral wing injections, labeled neurons were observed at ...
... complex were predominant, while ones at the contralateral side were meager. For midline injections, the majority of labeled cells were located in the medial portion of the medial amygdaloid nucleus (Fig. 2C, asterisks). On the other hand, for lateral wing injections, labeled neurons were observed at ...
An Analysis of Free-Will - ScholarWorks at WMU
... A belief in free-will is a widely held assumption, dating back to at least 800 B.C.E., in the era of Greek mythology (Dorin, 2014; Mastin, 2008). Prior to the institutions of philosophy and science, Greek myths discussed humans interacting with gods and being held accountable for their actions and d ...
... A belief in free-will is a widely held assumption, dating back to at least 800 B.C.E., in the era of Greek mythology (Dorin, 2014; Mastin, 2008). Prior to the institutions of philosophy and science, Greek myths discussed humans interacting with gods and being held accountable for their actions and d ...
Models of bodily expression perception
... Depending on whether the stimulus is consciously seen and recognized, some of these processes may be associated with a conscious emotional experience. These are some of the main components of the ability to perceive bodily expressions. Based on results obtained so far, we have viewed them as the cor ...
... Depending on whether the stimulus is consciously seen and recognized, some of these processes may be associated with a conscious emotional experience. These are some of the main components of the ability to perceive bodily expressions. Based on results obtained so far, we have viewed them as the cor ...
Inan et al., 2006
... PKARII homozygous knock-out mice of the sixth backcross generation of the incipient C57BL/6-pkar2b⫺/⫺ 98% congenic inbred strain were originally generated by Dr. Stanley McKnight (University of Washington, Seattle, WA) (Brandon et al., 1998) and obtained commercially from Taconic Farms (Germantown, ...
... PKARII homozygous knock-out mice of the sixth backcross generation of the incipient C57BL/6-pkar2b⫺/⫺ 98% congenic inbred strain were originally generated by Dr. Stanley McKnight (University of Washington, Seattle, WA) (Brandon et al., 1998) and obtained commercially from Taconic Farms (Germantown, ...
Neurophysiological involvement in hypervolemic hyponatremia
... Arginine vasopressin (AVP) is a neuropeptide mainly synthesized in the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei in the hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary when physiological demands are increased. The major function of circulating AVP is to promote water retention and vasoconstrictio ...
... Arginine vasopressin (AVP) is a neuropeptide mainly synthesized in the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei in the hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary when physiological demands are increased. The major function of circulating AVP is to promote water retention and vasoconstrictio ...
Engagement of brain areas implicated in processing inner speech in
... 2000b). In addition, there was relatively attenuated activation in the parahippocampal and posterior cerebellar cortex bilaterally. However, while imagining speech engages verbal self-monitoring, activation associated with this process could also be related to the phonological and semantic demands o ...
... 2000b). In addition, there was relatively attenuated activation in the parahippocampal and posterior cerebellar cortex bilaterally. However, while imagining speech engages verbal self-monitoring, activation associated with this process could also be related to the phonological and semantic demands o ...