Primate Motor Cortex and Free Arm Movements to Visual
... to the change in the cell’s discharge rate associated with the particular direction of movement. The vector sum of these contributions is the outcome of the population code (the “neuronal population vector”) and points in the direction of movement in space well before the movement begins. Evidence w ...
... to the change in the cell’s discharge rate associated with the particular direction of movement. The vector sum of these contributions is the outcome of the population code (the “neuronal population vector”) and points in the direction of movement in space well before the movement begins. Evidence w ...
How Is the Brain Organized?
... idea of how the nervous system functions, at least in a general way. That knowledge is the subject of this chapter. But before we turn our attention to the operation manual for the brain and the rest of the nervous system, let us examine what the brain is designed to do. Knowing the brain’s function ...
... idea of how the nervous system functions, at least in a general way. That knowledge is the subject of this chapter. But before we turn our attention to the operation manual for the brain and the rest of the nervous system, let us examine what the brain is designed to do. Knowing the brain’s function ...
The Neurology of Music for Post-Traumatic-Stress
... Pharmaceutical. The most common pharmaceutical treatment for PTSD are antidepressants and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), a specific type of antidepressant. It is suggested that clients try physiological approaches for treatment before pharmaceutical. At times, symptoms of PTSD are ...
... Pharmaceutical. The most common pharmaceutical treatment for PTSD are antidepressants and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), a specific type of antidepressant. It is suggested that clients try physiological approaches for treatment before pharmaceutical. At times, symptoms of PTSD are ...
slides
... – highly subjective to person experiencing it – pain of some type is the most frequent reason for physician consultation in the US, causing half of all Americans to seek medical care annually – pain that stops without treatment or responds to simple measures is called acute – pain is part of the bod ...
... – highly subjective to person experiencing it – pain of some type is the most frequent reason for physician consultation in the US, causing half of all Americans to seek medical care annually – pain that stops without treatment or responds to simple measures is called acute – pain is part of the bod ...
6 slides per sheet
... to the differentiated state (adult neuron). 3. Neuronal induction requires specific contact between groups of cells; embryonic morphogenesis allows this to occur. 4. Positional information is created early by asymmetric distribution of molecules. These form axes (Animal/Veg, D/V, Ant/Post) that guid ...
... to the differentiated state (adult neuron). 3. Neuronal induction requires specific contact between groups of cells; embryonic morphogenesis allows this to occur. 4. Positional information is created early by asymmetric distribution of molecules. These form axes (Animal/Veg, D/V, Ant/Post) that guid ...
Brainstem (II)
... appear to contain biogenic amines – such cells number only in the thousands……many of the cells containing these transmitters are clustered together in a discrete region of the brain, the brainstem.” ‐‐ Nicholls et al., From Neuron To Brain ...
... appear to contain biogenic amines – such cells number only in the thousands……many of the cells containing these transmitters are clustered together in a discrete region of the brain, the brainstem.” ‐‐ Nicholls et al., From Neuron To Brain ...
File - Dr. Jerry Cronin
... – Blood vessels link two capillary networks – Entire complex is portal system • Ensures that regulatory factors reach intended target cells before entering general circulation ...
... – Blood vessels link two capillary networks – Entire complex is portal system • Ensures that regulatory factors reach intended target cells before entering general circulation ...
Generation of Theta and Gamma Rhythms in the Hippocampus
... prominent during theta compared with non-theta behaviors. The oscillations were simulated by a systems model with recurrent inhibition. The model also predicts a behaviorally dependent inhibition, which was confirmed experimentally using paired-pulse responses. Paired-pulse facilitation (PPF) of the ...
... prominent during theta compared with non-theta behaviors. The oscillations were simulated by a systems model with recurrent inhibition. The model also predicts a behaviorally dependent inhibition, which was confirmed experimentally using paired-pulse responses. Paired-pulse facilitation (PPF) of the ...
Chemical Nature of Synaptic Transmission in Vertebrates
... in the heart (cf. 334). When animal electricity was discovered and nerves were shown to be electrically excitable, it was natural to suspect that the “nerve fluid” might be identical with electricity (53 1, 840, 919). After all, the discharges of electric organs were indistinguishable from electrici ...
... in the heart (cf. 334). When animal electricity was discovered and nerves were shown to be electrically excitable, it was natural to suspect that the “nerve fluid” might be identical with electricity (53 1, 840, 919). After all, the discharges of electric organs were indistinguishable from electrici ...
Efficient gene transduction of neurons by lentivirus with
... was almost the same as that of CMV promoter at all the brain regions examined. These results lead to the conclusion that E/SYN promoter might be the most appropriate one to express a gene of interest in neurons efficiently and specifically. ...
... was almost the same as that of CMV promoter at all the brain regions examined. These results lead to the conclusion that E/SYN promoter might be the most appropriate one to express a gene of interest in neurons efficiently and specifically. ...
Glycine Binding Sites of Presynaptic NMDA Receptors May
... NMDA-Rs is a prerequirement for NMDA-R activation by glutamate (Kleckner and Dingledine 1988). Thus glycine and glutamate are co-agonists for NMDA-Rs. It is generally assumed that the glycine binding site is constantly saturated due to high concentrations of glycine in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) (Fer ...
... NMDA-Rs is a prerequirement for NMDA-R activation by glutamate (Kleckner and Dingledine 1988). Thus glycine and glutamate are co-agonists for NMDA-Rs. It is generally assumed that the glycine binding site is constantly saturated due to high concentrations of glycine in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) (Fer ...
Synapse
... Such synaptic changes in 5-HT, however, are significantly smaller than those observed for DA, especially in brain circuits (e.g., the striatum) implicated in motor activity and arousal (Bradberry et al., 1993). The prevailing view, therefore, is that cocaethylene produces a differential effect on do ...
... Such synaptic changes in 5-HT, however, are significantly smaller than those observed for DA, especially in brain circuits (e.g., the striatum) implicated in motor activity and arousal (Bradberry et al., 1993). The prevailing view, therefore, is that cocaethylene produces a differential effect on do ...
Assembly and Function of Spinal Circuits for Motor Control
... transcription factors. Recent evidence indicates that repressive interactions among these factors lead to a stable memory of Shh signaling (Balaskas et al. 2012). These intrinsic repressive networks establish and maintain sharp boundaries between progenitor domains and ensure the production of defin ...
... transcription factors. Recent evidence indicates that repressive interactions among these factors lead to a stable memory of Shh signaling (Balaskas et al. 2012). These intrinsic repressive networks establish and maintain sharp boundaries between progenitor domains and ensure the production of defin ...
The continuous performance test: a window on
... limbic system. The involvement of the limbic system as well as the medial and dorsolateral frontal cortex is seen as resulting from their respective inputs into the association areas, which in turn impact on the inferior parietal lobes to inhibit or facilitate attentional response. The posterior par ...
... limbic system. The involvement of the limbic system as well as the medial and dorsolateral frontal cortex is seen as resulting from their respective inputs into the association areas, which in turn impact on the inferior parietal lobes to inhibit or facilitate attentional response. The posterior par ...
Brainstem (II)
... appear to contain biogenic amines – such cells number only in the thousands……many of the cells containing these transmitters are clustered together in a discrete region of the brain, the brainstem.” -- Nicholls et al., From Neuron To Brain ...
... appear to contain biogenic amines – such cells number only in the thousands……many of the cells containing these transmitters are clustered together in a discrete region of the brain, the brainstem.” -- Nicholls et al., From Neuron To Brain ...
Balanced Excitatory and Inhibitory Inputs to Cortical Neurons
... where T represents the ISI, denotes the firing rate, and ⌫() is the gamma function. The gamma process is a natural extension of the conventional Poisson process, with the shape parameter measuring the irregularity of spike trains. When ⫽ 1, the ISI distribution becomes an exponential distribu ...
... where T represents the ISI, denotes the firing rate, and ⌫() is the gamma function. The gamma process is a natural extension of the conventional Poisson process, with the shape parameter measuring the irregularity of spike trains. When ⫽ 1, the ISI distribution becomes an exponential distribu ...
Supranuclear control of ocular motility
... collaboration of vestibular and visually mediated mechanisms. Vestibulo-ocular reflexes operate during locomotion, generating compensatory eye movements to counteract high-frequency head perturbations that occur with each step. One remarkable property of vestibulo-ocular reflexes is their short late ...
... collaboration of vestibular and visually mediated mechanisms. Vestibulo-ocular reflexes operate during locomotion, generating compensatory eye movements to counteract high-frequency head perturbations that occur with each step. One remarkable property of vestibulo-ocular reflexes is their short late ...
A population density approach that facilitates slow inhibitory synapses
... A previously developed method for efficiently simulating complex networks of integrate-andfire neurons was specialized to the case in which the neurons have fast unitary postsynaptic conductances. However, inhibitory synaptic conductances are often slower than excitatory for cortical neurons, and th ...
... A previously developed method for efficiently simulating complex networks of integrate-andfire neurons was specialized to the case in which the neurons have fast unitary postsynaptic conductances. However, inhibitory synaptic conductances are often slower than excitatory for cortical neurons, and th ...
View PDF - MRC Brain Network Dynamics Unit
... sampled at 400 Hz. All biopotentials were digitized on-line with a PC running Spike2 acquisition and analysis software (version 4; Cambridge Electronic Design, Cambridge, UK). Data from the recording session were first scrutinized for ECG and respiration artifacts. LFP data contaminated with ECG art ...
... sampled at 400 Hz. All biopotentials were digitized on-line with a PC running Spike2 acquisition and analysis software (version 4; Cambridge Electronic Design, Cambridge, UK). Data from the recording session were first scrutinized for ECG and respiration artifacts. LFP data contaminated with ECG art ...
Pre-synaptic Terminal Dynamics in the Hippocampus
... In kittens, using monocular deprivation Hubel and Wiesel found that lack of visual experience during early development, but not after this critical period, leads to permanent alteration in perceptual capabilities later in life. These behavioural changes are accompanied by morphological and physiolog ...
... In kittens, using monocular deprivation Hubel and Wiesel found that lack of visual experience during early development, but not after this critical period, leads to permanent alteration in perceptual capabilities later in life. These behavioural changes are accompanied by morphological and physiolog ...
Outputs of Radula Mechanoafferent Neurons in Aplysia are
... function of other sensory inputs or of the state of motor systems that generate behavior. A form of sensory modulation was investigated in the Aplysia feeding system at the level of a radula mechanoafferent neuron (B21) that provides chemical synaptic input to a group of motor neurons (B8a/b, B15) t ...
... function of other sensory inputs or of the state of motor systems that generate behavior. A form of sensory modulation was investigated in the Aplysia feeding system at the level of a radula mechanoafferent neuron (B21) that provides chemical synaptic input to a group of motor neurons (B8a/b, B15) t ...
Glossary of Olfactory Terms
... type join in sets of fiber bundles through which these signals are transmitted. At the olfactory bulb, these signals are interpreted at the glomeruli and further signals are transmitted to the olfactory centers of the brain (see also limbic system). ...
... type join in sets of fiber bundles through which these signals are transmitted. At the olfactory bulb, these signals are interpreted at the glomeruli and further signals are transmitted to the olfactory centers of the brain (see also limbic system). ...
Neurobiology of injury to the developing brain.
... Following traumatic brain injury (TBI) there is significant neuropathology which includes mitochondrial dysfunction, loss of cortical grey matter, microglial activation, and cognitive impairment. Previous evidence has shown that activation of the peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptors (PPARs) pr ...
... Following traumatic brain injury (TBI) there is significant neuropathology which includes mitochondrial dysfunction, loss of cortical grey matter, microglial activation, and cognitive impairment. Previous evidence has shown that activation of the peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptors (PPARs) pr ...