angol tézisfüzet0531
... systems. As expected, the vast majority of PNMT-IR axons were also labeled for DBH. The majority of adrenergic (PNMT-IR) and a subpopulation of noradrenergic (DBH-IR but not PNMT-IR) axons also showed NPY-immunoreactivity. In the area of hypophysiotropic CRH neurons, the density of catecholaminergic ...
... systems. As expected, the vast majority of PNMT-IR axons were also labeled for DBH. The majority of adrenergic (PNMT-IR) and a subpopulation of noradrenergic (DBH-IR but not PNMT-IR) axons also showed NPY-immunoreactivity. In the area of hypophysiotropic CRH neurons, the density of catecholaminergic ...
Sensory Afferent Neurotransmission in Caudal Nucleus Tractus
... or glycine receptors. Alternatively, ligand-activated receptors may, directly or through second messenger systems, modulate the activity of voltage-dependent channels in the membrane of the central presynaptic terminal. In either case, the ...
... or glycine receptors. Alternatively, ligand-activated receptors may, directly or through second messenger systems, modulate the activity of voltage-dependent channels in the membrane of the central presynaptic terminal. In either case, the ...
Multiple dynamic representations in the motor cortex
... rate suggests that vM1 controls these slowly varying motor parameters, as expected from previous motor cortex mapping5,8,16,18,29,39 and neurophysiological experiments5,29,39. The low sampling rate of imaging may have missed rapid modulation in neural activity29. We also quantified decoding accuranc ...
... rate suggests that vM1 controls these slowly varying motor parameters, as expected from previous motor cortex mapping5,8,16,18,29,39 and neurophysiological experiments5,29,39. The low sampling rate of imaging may have missed rapid modulation in neural activity29. We also quantified decoding accuranc ...
Neuronal-Derived Nitric Oxide and Somatodendritically Released
... microscope chamber was continuously perfused with artificial CSF (aCSF) using a peristaltic pump (Miniplus 3, Gilson) at a rate of 2–3 ml/min. Chamber temperature was maintained at 33°C by a single line solution heater (SH-28B, Warner Instruments) connected to a DC power supply (1735A, BK Precision) ...
... microscope chamber was continuously perfused with artificial CSF (aCSF) using a peristaltic pump (Miniplus 3, Gilson) at a rate of 2–3 ml/min. Chamber temperature was maintained at 33°C by a single line solution heater (SH-28B, Warner Instruments) connected to a DC power supply (1735A, BK Precision) ...
Hebbian Learning
... b. You give food in the presence of a 300 Hz tone for 2 time steps. You need to recalculate all parameters after each time step. What are the new values for all synapses? c. What is the activity of the postsynaptic neuron now in response to a 300 Hz tone? What is its activity in response to a 100 or ...
... b. You give food in the presence of a 300 Hz tone for 2 time steps. You need to recalculate all parameters after each time step. What are the new values for all synapses? c. What is the activity of the postsynaptic neuron now in response to a 300 Hz tone? What is its activity in response to a 100 or ...
NIH Public Access
... determinant of axon regeneration. Subsequently, numerous molecules were identified within the CNS that limit regeneration. The two major classes of CNS regeneration inhibitors are the myelin-associated inhibitors (MAIs) and the chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs). These molecules limit axon re ...
... determinant of axon regeneration. Subsequently, numerous molecules were identified within the CNS that limit regeneration. The two major classes of CNS regeneration inhibitors are the myelin-associated inhibitors (MAIs) and the chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs). These molecules limit axon re ...
Clarke`s column neurons as the focus of a corticospinal corollary circuit
... the sensory relay properties of Clarke’s column have long been appreciated9, the possibility that this set of spinocerebellar neurons has additional integrative functions in spinal sensory processing has not been explored in detail. Proprioceptive sensory information of peripheral origin provides on ...
... the sensory relay properties of Clarke’s column have long been appreciated9, the possibility that this set of spinocerebellar neurons has additional integrative functions in spinal sensory processing has not been explored in detail. Proprioceptive sensory information of peripheral origin provides on ...
Outputs of Radula Mechanoafferent Neurons in Aplysia are
... investigating the properties of the radula mechanoafferent (RM) neurons of the mollusk Aplysia. The RM neurons are involved in the control of the radula, the chitinous structure that grasps food during ingestive and egestive feeding responses. Some of the RM cells, such as B21, are uniquely identifi ...
... investigating the properties of the radula mechanoafferent (RM) neurons of the mollusk Aplysia. The RM neurons are involved in the control of the radula, the chitinous structure that grasps food during ingestive and egestive feeding responses. Some of the RM cells, such as B21, are uniquely identifi ...
Scene perception: inferior temporal cortex neurons encode the
... fovea reduce the binding problem, as the output of the system is primarily about what is at or close to the fovea. Thus, brain regions such as the orbitofrontal cortex and amygdala, which receive outputs from IT, can utilize easily the information that they receive, as it is ...
... fovea reduce the binding problem, as the output of the system is primarily about what is at or close to the fovea. Thus, brain regions such as the orbitofrontal cortex and amygdala, which receive outputs from IT, can utilize easily the information that they receive, as it is ...
Modulation of Inhibitory Synaptic Potentials in the Piriform Cortex
... In these equations, W represents the average strength of excitatory synapses arising from cortical pyramidal cells and synapsing on other excitatory neurons. If neuronal output is in spikes/ms, then synaptic strength reflects the change in membrane voltage per spike (mV/ spike) because of the membra ...
... In these equations, W represents the average strength of excitatory synapses arising from cortical pyramidal cells and synapsing on other excitatory neurons. If neuronal output is in spikes/ms, then synaptic strength reflects the change in membrane voltage per spike (mV/ spike) because of the membra ...
Document
... If an incoming message is not strong enough to cause a neuron to fire, it may cause a shift in the electrical charge of just a tiny area of the neuron. This shift, which quickly fades away, is called a(n) ________. a. resting potential b. action potential Incorrect: An action potential refers to a s ...
... If an incoming message is not strong enough to cause a neuron to fire, it may cause a shift in the electrical charge of just a tiny area of the neuron. This shift, which quickly fades away, is called a(n) ________. a. resting potential b. action potential Incorrect: An action potential refers to a s ...
Respiratory-related neurons of the fastigial nucleus in response to
... reflexes. After paralysis of the animal, supplemental anesthetic was administered when irregularities were observed in ABP, heart rate, and respiratory rate and pattern. To minimize movement of brain by mechanical ventilation, a bilateral pneumothorax was created. The inlet of the ventilator was con ...
... reflexes. After paralysis of the animal, supplemental anesthetic was administered when irregularities were observed in ABP, heart rate, and respiratory rate and pattern. To minimize movement of brain by mechanical ventilation, a bilateral pneumothorax was created. The inlet of the ventilator was con ...
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
... and Europe. Worldwide, 40 million people are believed to have epilepsy. [1] Epilepsy can start at any age, but is most common among young children. The disorder is characterized by seizures, known as "attacks”. The symptoms of epilepsy depending on the type of seizure, the individual person, and oth ...
... and Europe. Worldwide, 40 million people are believed to have epilepsy. [1] Epilepsy can start at any age, but is most common among young children. The disorder is characterized by seizures, known as "attacks”. The symptoms of epilepsy depending on the type of seizure, the individual person, and oth ...
Andrea Kádár
... A dense network of both AGRP- and α-MSH-IR axons was observed in the PVN surrounding the TRH neurons. The density of the α-MSH-containing axons was slightly higher in the most anterior part of PVN, while the network of the AGRP-IR axons seemed to be denser in the posterior level of the PVN. In the s ...
... A dense network of both AGRP- and α-MSH-IR axons was observed in the PVN surrounding the TRH neurons. The density of the α-MSH-containing axons was slightly higher in the most anterior part of PVN, while the network of the AGRP-IR axons seemed to be denser in the posterior level of the PVN. In the s ...
Dendritic Computation - UCSD Cognitive Science
... dendrites might be beneficial because they enable the spatial separation of inputs to minimize their interaction. In some cases, however, this possible sublinear summation may actually be advantageous (Agmon-Snir et al. 1998, section on coincidence detection in auditory neurons, p. 519) (see Figure ...
... dendrites might be beneficial because they enable the spatial separation of inputs to minimize their interaction. In some cases, however, this possible sublinear summation may actually be advantageous (Agmon-Snir et al. 1998, section on coincidence detection in auditory neurons, p. 519) (see Figure ...
Figure 1 - Journal of Neuroscience
... to a light-sensitive area, likely the SC (Schnupp and King, 1997). The borders of the SC were roughly located by recording multiunit entrainment to a pulsed (1 or 4 Hz), red LED located in front of the monkey, or ⬃20 or ⬃40° to the side (contralateral to the IC under study). Although clear light res ...
... to a light-sensitive area, likely the SC (Schnupp and King, 1997). The borders of the SC were roughly located by recording multiunit entrainment to a pulsed (1 or 4 Hz), red LED located in front of the monkey, or ⬃20 or ⬃40° to the side (contralateral to the IC under study). Although clear light res ...
Ventral Medial Nucleus Neurons Send Thalamocortical Afferents
... et al. 1997; Bodor et al. 2008). These inhibitory afferents principally enter the VM and inhibitory input-dominant zone (IZ) of the VA-VL (Kuramoto et al. 2009, 2011), the latter being located in the rostroventral portion of the VA-VL. On the other hand, the caudodorsal portion of the VA-VL receives ...
... et al. 1997; Bodor et al. 2008). These inhibitory afferents principally enter the VM and inhibitory input-dominant zone (IZ) of the VA-VL (Kuramoto et al. 2009, 2011), the latter being located in the rostroventral portion of the VA-VL. On the other hand, the caudodorsal portion of the VA-VL receives ...
Leading tonically active neurons of the striatum from reward
... important for reward-related learning. Recent studies investigating the functional properties of TANs in behaving monkeys have shown that other factors beyond motivation can affect their responsiveness. There is now evidence that TAN responses reflect stimulus detection, movement control and recogni ...
... important for reward-related learning. Recent studies investigating the functional properties of TANs in behaving monkeys have shown that other factors beyond motivation can affect their responsiveness. There is now evidence that TAN responses reflect stimulus detection, movement control and recogni ...
Temporal Patterning of Neural Progenitors in Drosophila
... Drosophila has recently become a powerful model system to understand the mechanisms of temporal patterning of neural progenitors called neuroblasts (NBs). Two different temporal sequences of transcription factors (TFs) have been found to be sequentially expressed in NBs of two different systems: the ...
... Drosophila has recently become a powerful model system to understand the mechanisms of temporal patterning of neural progenitors called neuroblasts (NBs). Two different temporal sequences of transcription factors (TFs) have been found to be sequentially expressed in NBs of two different systems: the ...
Chapter 33 Nervous System
... Potassium ions (K+) collect on the inside of the cell membrane. Negatively charged proteins actively transport sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell. ...
... Potassium ions (K+) collect on the inside of the cell membrane. Negatively charged proteins actively transport sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell. ...
final scientific program
... of large populations of neurons gives rise to the higher order functions of the brain including learning, memory, cognition, perception, action and ultimately conscious awareness. Electrophysiological recordings in behaving animals over the past forty years have revealed considerable information abo ...
... of large populations of neurons gives rise to the higher order functions of the brain including learning, memory, cognition, perception, action and ultimately conscious awareness. Electrophysiological recordings in behaving animals over the past forty years have revealed considerable information abo ...
A neurocomputational model of the mammalian fear
... detailed neurocomputational model. The fear system has been extensively studied; the key brain regions involved have been identified, and theories have been developed regarding their functions [37]. It is a particularly interesting case study because of how well linked it is to learning and memory; ...
... detailed neurocomputational model. The fear system has been extensively studied; the key brain regions involved have been identified, and theories have been developed regarding their functions [37]. It is a particularly interesting case study because of how well linked it is to learning and memory; ...
Brain asymmetry is encoded at the level of axon terminal morphology
... of normal lateralization, additional factors clearly act during development to confer left-right identity upon neurons in this highly conserved circuit. ...
... of normal lateralization, additional factors clearly act during development to confer left-right identity upon neurons in this highly conserved circuit. ...
Inhibitory Plasticity Balances Excitation and Inhibition in Sensory
... which inhibitory synapses were distributed so that excitation and inhibition were balanced only on average across all channels, the peristimulus time histogram (PSTH) faithfully reproduced the firing rates of the preferred signals. The other, nonpreferred input signals evoked more inhibition than ex ...
... which inhibitory synapses were distributed so that excitation and inhibition were balanced only on average across all channels, the peristimulus time histogram (PSTH) faithfully reproduced the firing rates of the preferred signals. The other, nonpreferred input signals evoked more inhibition than ex ...
Increased responses in trigeminocervical nociceptive neurons to cervical input after
... facial and cervical receptive ®eld, including the cornea, was assessed in all three trigeminal innervation territories and upper cervical roots, respectively. Additionally, input from suboccipital neck muscles and dura mater was also tested. The mechanoreceptive ®eld was mapped by applying non-noxio ...
... facial and cervical receptive ®eld, including the cornea, was assessed in all three trigeminal innervation territories and upper cervical roots, respectively. Additionally, input from suboccipital neck muscles and dura mater was also tested. The mechanoreceptive ®eld was mapped by applying non-noxio ...