SOM
... • Neural networks for unsupervised learning attempt to discover special patterns from available data without using external help (i.e. RISK FUNCTION). – There is no information about the desired class (or output ) d of an example x. So only x is given. – Self Organising Maps (SOM) are neural network ...
... • Neural networks for unsupervised learning attempt to discover special patterns from available data without using external help (i.e. RISK FUNCTION). – There is no information about the desired class (or output ) d of an example x. So only x is given. – Self Organising Maps (SOM) are neural network ...
PDF of article - Janelia Research Campus
... forms a genetic and structural unit of the brain. The task of reconstructing brain circuitry at the level of individual neurons can be made significantly easier by assigning neurons to their respective lineages. In this article we address the automation of neuron and lineage identification. We focus ...
... forms a genetic and structural unit of the brain. The task of reconstructing brain circuitry at the level of individual neurons can be made significantly easier by assigning neurons to their respective lineages. In this article we address the automation of neuron and lineage identification. We focus ...
(2007) The most superficial sublamina of rat superior colluculus
... single-neuron discharges in this layer was a challenging task and could be achieved only with our very thin and sharp microelectrodes. They imposed minimal pressure as they penetrated the pia and advanced through the neural tissue and were very effective in resolving spikes of individual cells withi ...
... single-neuron discharges in this layer was a challenging task and could be achieved only with our very thin and sharp microelectrodes. They imposed minimal pressure as they penetrated the pia and advanced through the neural tissue and were very effective in resolving spikes of individual cells withi ...
Neural substrates for expectation-modulated fear learning in
... stores memories of the conditioned stimulus–unconditioned stimulus association, but the origin of UCS inputs to the amygdala is unknown. Theory and evidence suggest that instructive UCS inputs to the amygdala will be inhibited when the UCS is expected, but this has not been found during fear conditi ...
... stores memories of the conditioned stimulus–unconditioned stimulus association, but the origin of UCS inputs to the amygdala is unknown. Theory and evidence suggest that instructive UCS inputs to the amygdala will be inhibited when the UCS is expected, but this has not been found during fear conditi ...
In Vitro, Ex Vivo and In Vivo Techniques to Study Neuronal Migration
... Here, we will focus on in vitro migration assays that are useful to quantify the chemotropic migratory response of isolated cortical neurons to specific stimuli. These include the use of transwell-based chemotactic assays and the stripe assay. In vitro assays to study cortical neuronal migration are ...
... Here, we will focus on in vitro migration assays that are useful to quantify the chemotropic migratory response of isolated cortical neurons to specific stimuli. These include the use of transwell-based chemotactic assays and the stripe assay. In vitro assays to study cortical neuronal migration are ...
Prediction of Subjective Affective State From Brain Activations
... Techniques have been developed to enable the information provided by populations of simultaneously recorded neurons to be analyzed (Aggelopoulos et al. 2005; Franco et al. 2004; Rolls et al. 1997a), and in this section, we extend these techniques to the analysis of functional imaging data. These tec ...
... Techniques have been developed to enable the information provided by populations of simultaneously recorded neurons to be analyzed (Aggelopoulos et al. 2005; Franco et al. 2004; Rolls et al. 1997a), and in this section, we extend these techniques to the analysis of functional imaging data. These tec ...
Chapter 2: Biological Bases of Behavior MULTIPLE CHOICE 1
... MSC: TYPE: Medium 14. According to the theory of evolution: a. different species arose from different ancestors b. humans belong to their own, unique family tree c. present day humans descended from a creature related to apes d. humans and chimps share only 1% of their DNA ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's ...
... MSC: TYPE: Medium 14. According to the theory of evolution: a. different species arose from different ancestors b. humans belong to their own, unique family tree c. present day humans descended from a creature related to apes d. humans and chimps share only 1% of their DNA ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's ...
Escape behavior and neuronal responses to looming stimuli in the
... systems used during the experiments were located outside the Faraday cage. In this way, a range of different stimuli could be selected and presented to different parts of the visual field without distressing the animal, while behavior or neuronal activity was being recorded. Visual simulations gener ...
... systems used during the experiments were located outside the Faraday cage. In this way, a range of different stimuli could be selected and presented to different parts of the visual field without distressing the animal, while behavior or neuronal activity was being recorded. Visual simulations gener ...
The role of mirror neurons in cognition
... the macaque monkey that become active during both execution and observation of the same action. This straightforward property is what enabled these neurons to conquer the fields of cognitive science and become one of the most acclaimed discoveries from the turn of the century. Whether it was a resul ...
... the macaque monkey that become active during both execution and observation of the same action. This straightforward property is what enabled these neurons to conquer the fields of cognitive science and become one of the most acclaimed discoveries from the turn of the century. Whether it was a resul ...
The neural encoding of self-generated and externally applied
... normally respond to passive stimulation of neck proprioceptors (Roy and Cullen 2001, 2002, 2003). Instead, such integration is observed only at the next stage in the cerebellum (Brooks and Cullen 20 ...
... normally respond to passive stimulation of neck proprioceptors (Roy and Cullen 2001, 2002, 2003). Instead, such integration is observed only at the next stage in the cerebellum (Brooks and Cullen 20 ...
Traveling Theta Waves along the Entire
... (septal) to intermediate sites of the CA1 layer (Figures 2E, 3F, and S3). Theta waves were phase shifted by approximately a half cycle, i.e., 180 between the septal and ventral (temporal) sites (Figures 3F, 3G, and S4). Theta oscillations were less regular, lower in amplitude, and more intermittent ...
... (septal) to intermediate sites of the CA1 layer (Figures 2E, 3F, and S3). Theta waves were phase shifted by approximately a half cycle, i.e., 180 between the septal and ventral (temporal) sites (Figures 3F, 3G, and S4). Theta oscillations were less regular, lower in amplitude, and more intermittent ...
The sympathetic control of blood pressure.
... Figure 1 | CNS network that regulates the basal sympathetic tone. The background level of sympathetic tone present at rest is presumably crucial for long-term blood pressure (BP) control. The network that sets this background level is located in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM), the spinal c ...
... Figure 1 | CNS network that regulates the basal sympathetic tone. The background level of sympathetic tone present at rest is presumably crucial for long-term blood pressure (BP) control. The network that sets this background level is located in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM), the spinal c ...
identification of central cholinergic neurons containing both choline
... neurons to have fairly heterogenous shapes with neurons having small diameters as short as 12 pm or large diameters as long as 40 pm and a continuous range of sizes in between, Most neurons appear to have at least one diameter of about 20 pm or more and they appear to constitute a single population ...
... neurons to have fairly heterogenous shapes with neurons having small diameters as short as 12 pm or large diameters as long as 40 pm and a continuous range of sizes in between, Most neurons appear to have at least one diameter of about 20 pm or more and they appear to constitute a single population ...
Neuronal basis of sequential foraging decisions in a
... a significant negative slope in 10 (average β = −0.09) and no signi ficant slope in the remainder (P > 0.05, n = 43, average β = 0.041). The 49 neurons with positive slopes constitute the focus of subsequent ana lyses (Supplementary Data 7 and Supplementary Figs. 6 and 7). We next performed the ...
... a significant negative slope in 10 (average β = −0.09) and no signi ficant slope in the remainder (P > 0.05, n = 43, average β = 0.041). The 49 neurons with positive slopes constitute the focus of subsequent ana lyses (Supplementary Data 7 and Supplementary Figs. 6 and 7). We next performed the ...
Basal Ganglia: Internal Organization
... (see below). The corticostriatal and thalamostriatal projections are highly topographically organized and impart functionality onto the striatum and, consequently, other divisions of the basal ganglia. The main synaptic targets of the cortical and thalamic inputs to the basal ganglia are the medium- ...
... (see below). The corticostriatal and thalamostriatal projections are highly topographically organized and impart functionality onto the striatum and, consequently, other divisions of the basal ganglia. The main synaptic targets of the cortical and thalamic inputs to the basal ganglia are the medium- ...
The functional anatomy of basal ganglia disorders
... isocortex ~4. The neurotransmitter of the corti- intruding into the normal flow of motor activity. In costriatal afferents is probably glutamate ~s. The addition, all these abnormal movements share a only other basal ganglia structure to receive signifi- common pharmacology in that the abnormal move ...
... isocortex ~4. The neurotransmitter of the corti- intruding into the normal flow of motor activity. In costriatal afferents is probably glutamate ~s. The addition, all these abnormal movements share a only other basal ganglia structure to receive signifi- common pharmacology in that the abnormal move ...
Ping-An Li, Ashfaq Shuaib, Hiro Miyashita, Qing
... maintained at 120613 mm Hg. Ventilation was adjusted to give an arterial pH of 7.460.2, PCO2 of 40.262.2 mm Hg, and PO2 of 104618 mm Hg. There were no statistically significant differences between normoglycemic and hyperglycemic groups. EEG was continuously monitored during the entire microdialysis ...
... maintained at 120613 mm Hg. Ventilation was adjusted to give an arterial pH of 7.460.2, PCO2 of 40.262.2 mm Hg, and PO2 of 104618 mm Hg. There were no statistically significant differences between normoglycemic and hyperglycemic groups. EEG was continuously monitored during the entire microdialysis ...
Stimulation of Medial Prefrontal Cortex Decreases
... 1985). A similar antidromic response latency of 20.9 ⫾ 1.5 msec was observed for BL neurons after stimulation of mPFC. As the electrode descended through CeM and then BL, there was an abrupt transition in the ability to antidromically activate cells, first from the brainstem and then from mPFC (Fig. ...
... 1985). A similar antidromic response latency of 20.9 ⫾ 1.5 msec was observed for BL neurons after stimulation of mPFC. As the electrode descended through CeM and then BL, there was an abrupt transition in the ability to antidromically activate cells, first from the brainstem and then from mPFC (Fig. ...
Information Processing at the Calyx of Held Under Natural Conditions
... (up to 800 Hz). However, inherently due to the preparation method, spontaneous activity is absent in studies using brain slices. This study deals with the question how this ongoing activity is influencing synaptic transmission. The answer is divided into three parts. In the first part a phenomenolog ...
... (up to 800 Hz). However, inherently due to the preparation method, spontaneous activity is absent in studies using brain slices. This study deals with the question how this ongoing activity is influencing synaptic transmission. The answer is divided into three parts. In the first part a phenomenolog ...
Paper - Wharton Marketing
... a significant negative slope in 10 (average β = −0.09) and no signi ficant slope in the remainder (P > 0.05, n = 43, average β = 0.041). The 49 neurons with positive slopes constitute the focus of subsequent ana lyses (Supplementary Data 7 and Supplementary Figs. 7 and 8). We next performed the ...
... a significant negative slope in 10 (average β = −0.09) and no signi ficant slope in the remainder (P > 0.05, n = 43, average β = 0.041). The 49 neurons with positive slopes constitute the focus of subsequent ana lyses (Supplementary Data 7 and Supplementary Figs. 7 and 8). We next performed the ...
Critical illness neuropathy and myopathy
... becomes apparent, at the latest, when weaning from the ventilator proves impossible or difficult and if physical rehabilitation is cumbersome. Essential risk factors for this condition seem to be sepsis, systemic inflammatory response and multiple organ failure. The weakness can be caused by critica ...
... becomes apparent, at the latest, when weaning from the ventilator proves impossible or difficult and if physical rehabilitation is cumbersome. Essential risk factors for this condition seem to be sepsis, systemic inflammatory response and multiple organ failure. The weakness can be caused by critica ...
Chapter 5 - Wake Forest University
... • Then we turn on a lesion-making device, which produces radio frequency (RF) current— alternating current of a very high frequency. • The passage of the current through the brain tissue produces heat that kills cells in the region surrounding the tip of the electrode. ...
... • Then we turn on a lesion-making device, which produces radio frequency (RF) current— alternating current of a very high frequency. • The passage of the current through the brain tissue produces heat that kills cells in the region surrounding the tip of the electrode. ...
PDF file
... Much effort has been spent to realize general object recognition in cluttered backgrounds. The appearance-based feature descriptors are quite selective for a target shape but limited in tolerance to the object transformations. The histogram-based descriptors, for an example, the SIFT features, show ...
... Much effort has been spent to realize general object recognition in cluttered backgrounds. The appearance-based feature descriptors are quite selective for a target shape but limited in tolerance to the object transformations. The histogram-based descriptors, for an example, the SIFT features, show ...
The Structure and Plasticity of the Proximal Axon of Hippocampal
... questions remain unanswered regarding the fine structure and physiology of DRG neurons. It is not known what ultrastructural differences justify the strikingly different functional properties of central and peripheral axons and whether the PS contribute to such features. In this work we aimed at und ...
... questions remain unanswered regarding the fine structure and physiology of DRG neurons. It is not known what ultrastructural differences justify the strikingly different functional properties of central and peripheral axons and whether the PS contribute to such features. In this work we aimed at und ...
Uncovering the Forgotten Effect of Superior Cervical Ganglia on
... SAH-induced brain edema, clot formation, displacements and bloody material leakage into the oculomotor nerve roots and basal brain arteries, microembolism in the basilar artery and arachnoid pia adhesions were detected on the macroscopical examinations of the brains in the study group. Basal cistern ...
... SAH-induced brain edema, clot formation, displacements and bloody material leakage into the oculomotor nerve roots and basal brain arteries, microembolism in the basilar artery and arachnoid pia adhesions were detected on the macroscopical examinations of the brains in the study group. Basal cistern ...