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... mary auditory cortex in nine adult female SpragueDawley rats. Surgical anesthesia was induced with sodium pentobarbital (50 mg/kg). Throughout the surgical procedures and during the recording session, a state of are£exia was maintained with supplemental doses of dilute i.p. pentobarbital (8 mg/ml). ...
... mary auditory cortex in nine adult female SpragueDawley rats. Surgical anesthesia was induced with sodium pentobarbital (50 mg/kg). Throughout the surgical procedures and during the recording session, a state of are£exia was maintained with supplemental doses of dilute i.p. pentobarbital (8 mg/ml). ...
the medial division of the medial geniculate body of the cat
... that the degree of radiate or tufted dendritic branching is less well developed, but neither type of cell predominates. Moreover, all of the cell types are overlapping in distribution, although the large ones tend to be more common rostrally in the medial division. Likewise, there is no clear-cut re ...
... that the degree of radiate or tufted dendritic branching is less well developed, but neither type of cell predominates. Moreover, all of the cell types are overlapping in distribution, although the large ones tend to be more common rostrally in the medial division. Likewise, there is no clear-cut re ...
The Involvement of Recurrent Connections in Area CA3 in
... tion derived from path integration may also be available and may be combined with visual information to determine EC activities. In the model, each EC cell is assumed to respond to a subset of the available cues. Based on the suggestion that EC is involved in conjunctive coding (Myers et al., 1995), ...
... tion derived from path integration may also be available and may be combined with visual information to determine EC activities. In the model, each EC cell is assumed to respond to a subset of the available cues. Based on the suggestion that EC is involved in conjunctive coding (Myers et al., 1995), ...
Weight Regulation Activity
... hand, leptin inhibits the output of NPY by the hypothalamus, which ultimately has the same overall effects as the CRH system. These two regulatory systems are summarized in the figure above. The function of leptin was discovered through the study of two mouse mutants. In the 1950’s, a mutation, obes ...
... hand, leptin inhibits the output of NPY by the hypothalamus, which ultimately has the same overall effects as the CRH system. These two regulatory systems are summarized in the figure above. The function of leptin was discovered through the study of two mouse mutants. In the 1950’s, a mutation, obes ...
Chapter 3
... incurable neuromuscular disease called Huntington’s disease—but these outcomes are primarily physical, not behavioral. Typically, a specific gene plays only a small part in creating a given behavior, and genetic influence itself is only part of the story. Environmental events such Genetic influence acc ...
... incurable neuromuscular disease called Huntington’s disease—but these outcomes are primarily physical, not behavioral. Typically, a specific gene plays only a small part in creating a given behavior, and genetic influence itself is only part of the story. Environmental events such Genetic influence acc ...
ACTION POTENTIAL THRESHOLD OF HIPPOCAMPAL
... was not constant across individual action potentials during a recording epoch (Figs. 2A, B, 3A and 4A). In addition, we noticed that the membrane potential between action potentials could occasionally exceed the minimum threshold voltage observed for that cell without initiating an action potential ...
... was not constant across individual action potentials during a recording epoch (Figs. 2A, B, 3A and 4A). In addition, we noticed that the membrane potential between action potentials could occasionally exceed the minimum threshold voltage observed for that cell without initiating an action potential ...
gaba-mediated inhibition correlates with orientation selectivity in
... that occurred during the administration of GABA and bicuculline is shown in Fig. 2. For Weakly-OS cells (circles), GABA could significantly improve orientation selectivity, but it was not significantly affected by the administration of bicuculline. However for Strongly-OS cells (triangles), GABA fai ...
... that occurred during the administration of GABA and bicuculline is shown in Fig. 2. For Weakly-OS cells (circles), GABA could significantly improve orientation selectivity, but it was not significantly affected by the administration of bicuculline. However for Strongly-OS cells (triangles), GABA fai ...
Stereological estimation of dendritic coverage in the capybara SCG
... The functional importance of the superior cervical ganglion (SCG) including its complex arborisation in mammals is defined by the fact that this autonomic ganglion supplies sympathetic nerve fibres to the large cerebral vessels and iris and hence SCG is implicated in the neural control of cerebral b ...
... The functional importance of the superior cervical ganglion (SCG) including its complex arborisation in mammals is defined by the fact that this autonomic ganglion supplies sympathetic nerve fibres to the large cerebral vessels and iris and hence SCG is implicated in the neural control of cerebral b ...
In VivoCalcium Imaging Reveals Functional Rewiring of Single
... Foundation of Canada, CIHR, Canadian Stroke Network, and AstraZeneca Canada). Partial support for surgery, hardware, and software development was derived from the University of British Columbia In Vivo Imaging Centre (funded by CIHR Grant PRG-80144). We thank Ping Li, Pumin Wang, and Heidi Erb for e ...
... Foundation of Canada, CIHR, Canadian Stroke Network, and AstraZeneca Canada). Partial support for surgery, hardware, and software development was derived from the University of British Columbia In Vivo Imaging Centre (funded by CIHR Grant PRG-80144). We thank Ping Li, Pumin Wang, and Heidi Erb for e ...
GI Physiology - joshcorwin.com
... released by the pancreas in an inactive form; can’t do anything when they are released from the pancreas. Their inactive forms are trypsinogen, chymotripsinogen, procarboxypeptidase. In order to function they need to be activated. Trypsinogen is activated into trypsin by the enzyme enterokinase loca ...
... released by the pancreas in an inactive form; can’t do anything when they are released from the pancreas. Their inactive forms are trypsinogen, chymotripsinogen, procarboxypeptidase. In order to function they need to be activated. Trypsinogen is activated into trypsin by the enzyme enterokinase loca ...
Laminar differences in plasticity in area 17 following retinal lesions
... Discrete retinal lesions of 6±128 diameter were placed in the left eye of 8-week-old kittens or adult (11±14 months old) cats anaesthetized with ketamine (40 mg/kg, i.m; Ketalar) and xylazine (4 mg/kg, i.m; Rompun). Lesions of all neural layers in the near-upper nasal region of the retina were prod ...
... Discrete retinal lesions of 6±128 diameter were placed in the left eye of 8-week-old kittens or adult (11±14 months old) cats anaesthetized with ketamine (40 mg/kg, i.m; Ketalar) and xylazine (4 mg/kg, i.m; Rompun). Lesions of all neural layers in the near-upper nasal region of the retina were prod ...
An Introduction to the ANS and Higher
... • Controls during resting conditions • “Rest and digest” ...
... • Controls during resting conditions • “Rest and digest” ...
Simulating Populations of Neurons - Leeds VLE
... neurons separated by different classes with even more connections of differing types, a top down approach has to be taken. We can only begin to try to replicate processes once the architecture of the brain has been structured and different areas have been assigned to different roles. The advances we ...
... neurons separated by different classes with even more connections of differing types, a top down approach has to be taken. We can only begin to try to replicate processes once the architecture of the brain has been structured and different areas have been assigned to different roles. The advances we ...
BvP neurons exhibit a larger variety in statistics of inter
... of (CV,SK) lie outside of the small region, and the magnitude of the deviations correspond to input correlations on a scale of hundreds of milliseconds in the LIF model.2) The relationship between input and output statistics generally depends on the spiking mechanism of the neuron. It is known that ...
... of (CV,SK) lie outside of the small region, and the magnitude of the deviations correspond to input correlations on a scale of hundreds of milliseconds in the LIF model.2) The relationship between input and output statistics generally depends on the spiking mechanism of the neuron. It is known that ...
Highly Specific Olfactory Receptor Neurons for Types of Amino
... spontaneous activity (⬃5 spikes/s) that could be elevated or inhibited in response to amino acids (Kang and Caprio 1995, 1997). Furthermore, response inhibition (25%) was the dominant response type (13% excited; 62% nonresponsive). In addition, a few single ORNs showed excitation to some amino acids ...
... spontaneous activity (⬃5 spikes/s) that could be elevated or inhibited in response to amino acids (Kang and Caprio 1995, 1997). Furthermore, response inhibition (25%) was the dominant response type (13% excited; 62% nonresponsive). In addition, a few single ORNs showed excitation to some amino acids ...
Endocrine and nervous systems
... No, because the sensations from both the right and left hand are carried by the spinal cord into the same hemisphere of the cerebrum No, because the sensations received separately by the left and right cerebral hemispheres from the right and left hands are integrated before hey are interpreted into ...
... No, because the sensations from both the right and left hand are carried by the spinal cord into the same hemisphere of the cerebrum No, because the sensations received separately by the left and right cerebral hemispheres from the right and left hands are integrated before hey are interpreted into ...
PDF
... numb protein in vMP2 gives the opposite transformation of vMP2 into a dMP2 neuron. Although we observe a completely penetrant dMP2/vMP2 phenotype in numb embryos, we find no global perturbation of GMC development, despite the asymmetric localization of numb protein into each newborn GMC. Perhaps in ...
... numb protein in vMP2 gives the opposite transformation of vMP2 into a dMP2 neuron. Although we observe a completely penetrant dMP2/vMP2 phenotype in numb embryos, we find no global perturbation of GMC development, despite the asymmetric localization of numb protein into each newborn GMC. Perhaps in ...
Neuronal Processing of Chemical Information in Crustaceans Chapter 7
... in having spontaneous activity, inhibitory responses, and autonomous bursting, but both types of receptor neurons mainly respond to small water-soluble molecules such as amino acids. The dichotomy in sensilla structure is reflected in the organization of the associated CNS pathways. Olfactory recept ...
... in having spontaneous activity, inhibitory responses, and autonomous bursting, but both types of receptor neurons mainly respond to small water-soluble molecules such as amino acids. The dichotomy in sensilla structure is reflected in the organization of the associated CNS pathways. Olfactory recept ...
Document
... Buried in the submucosa Senses the environment within the lumen Regulates GI blood flow Controls epithelial cell function (local intestinal secretion and absorption) – May be sparse or missing in some parts of GI tract ...
... Buried in the submucosa Senses the environment within the lumen Regulates GI blood flow Controls epithelial cell function (local intestinal secretion and absorption) – May be sparse or missing in some parts of GI tract ...
Cerebellar fastigial nucleus: from anatomic construction to
... and interneurons, with long axons projecting out of the cerebellar nuclei and short axons connecting only with neurons within the FN, respectively [1, 14]. Based on the transmitter phenotypes, glutamatergic, GABAergic as well as glycinergic neurons have been identified in the FN [1, 14, 15]. In addi ...
... and interneurons, with long axons projecting out of the cerebellar nuclei and short axons connecting only with neurons within the FN, respectively [1, 14]. Based on the transmitter phenotypes, glutamatergic, GABAergic as well as glycinergic neurons have been identified in the FN [1, 14, 15]. In addi ...
Distribution of GABA‐like immunoreactivity in the rat amygdaloid
... anti-GABA antibodies (Seguela et al., '84; Geffard et al., neuropil. Relying on the organization of GABA-Li neurons, we '85). Male Wistar rats (n = 9) were anesthetized with pentobarbital, and perfusion-fixation was performed by intra- have differentiated three groups of nuclei: group I (lateral car ...
... anti-GABA antibodies (Seguela et al., '84; Geffard et al., neuropil. Relying on the organization of GABA-Li neurons, we '85). Male Wistar rats (n = 9) were anesthetized with pentobarbital, and perfusion-fixation was performed by intra- have differentiated three groups of nuclei: group I (lateral car ...
Channelrhodopsin
Channelrhodopsins are a subfamily of retinylidene proteins (rhodopsins) that function as light-gated ion channels. They serve as sensory photoreceptors in unicellular green algae, controlling phototaxis: movement in response to light. Expressed in cells of other organisms, they enable light to control electrical excitability, intracellular acidity, calcium influx, and other cellular processes. Channelrhodopsin-1 (ChR1) and Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) from the model organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii are the first discovered channelrhodopsins. Variants have been cloned from other algal species, and more are expected.