LINKING PROPOSITIONS*
... phenomena; for example, he argued that the hypothesis that the perceptual “retinal tree” is caused by the shadow cast by the retinal blood vessels on the receptors was extremely well established. He argued that the truth of such special linking statements could be established by “correlating very ma ...
... phenomena; for example, he argued that the hypothesis that the perceptual “retinal tree” is caused by the shadow cast by the retinal blood vessels on the receptors was extremely well established. He argued that the truth of such special linking statements could be established by “correlating very ma ...
Master Thesis - Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Development
... Early during the development the mammalian cerebral cortex is a simple, continuous, sheet of proliferating neuroblasts, Later, it consists of several areas, each characterized by peculiar anatomical and functional properties. These areas form a map that is similar from one individual to another and ...
... Early during the development the mammalian cerebral cortex is a simple, continuous, sheet of proliferating neuroblasts, Later, it consists of several areas, each characterized by peculiar anatomical and functional properties. These areas form a map that is similar from one individual to another and ...
University of Birmingham Drosophila neurotrophins reveal a
... molecules promoting neuronal survival in vertebrates. They also control cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation, and they are required for axonal and dendritic elaborations, synaptic plasticity, excitability, and long-term potentiation (LTP, the basis of memory and learning) [2–5]. NTs under ...
... molecules promoting neuronal survival in vertebrates. They also control cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation, and they are required for axonal and dendritic elaborations, synaptic plasticity, excitability, and long-term potentiation (LTP, the basis of memory and learning) [2–5]. NTs under ...
Computing with Spiking Neuron Networks
... synaptic plasticity by Hebb in 1949 [51], and his famous, oft repeated quote: When an axon of cell A is near enough to excite cell B or repeatedly or persistently takes part in firing it, some growth process or metabolic change takes place in one or both cells such that A’s efficiency, as one of the ...
... synaptic plasticity by Hebb in 1949 [51], and his famous, oft repeated quote: When an axon of cell A is near enough to excite cell B or repeatedly or persistently takes part in firing it, some growth process or metabolic change takes place in one or both cells such that A’s efficiency, as one of the ...
Propagation of cortical synfire activity: survival probability in single
... be quite variable. For activity propagation in such a syn®re chain, the following problems are immediately obvious. First, even if all neurons in the ®rst group ®re in synchrony, the neurons in the second group will generally not. There will always be some temporal jitter in their ®ring times, due t ...
... be quite variable. For activity propagation in such a syn®re chain, the following problems are immediately obvious. First, even if all neurons in the ®rst group ®re in synchrony, the neurons in the second group will generally not. There will always be some temporal jitter in their ®ring times, due t ...
PDF - WordPress @ Clark U
... and ventral homeodomain proteins, such as Dbx1 and Dbx2 (Timmer et al., 2002). Taken together, these results demonstrate that progenitor proteins can be both Shh- and BMPresponsive. A critical question that arises is how a graded response to Shh results in the appropriately localized expression of p ...
... and ventral homeodomain proteins, such as Dbx1 and Dbx2 (Timmer et al., 2002). Taken together, these results demonstrate that progenitor proteins can be both Shh- and BMPresponsive. A critical question that arises is how a graded response to Shh results in the appropriately localized expression of p ...
PDF
... model (see above) together with a new network reconstruction algorithm. Unlike the one reported previously (Borisyuk et al., 2008), networks on both sides of the spinal cord are reconstructed and biological data from experimental measurements have been used to assign distributions of cell bodies, de ...
... model (see above) together with a new network reconstruction algorithm. Unlike the one reported previously (Borisyuk et al., 2008), networks on both sides of the spinal cord are reconstructed and biological data from experimental measurements have been used to assign distributions of cell bodies, de ...
Cell migration in the developing rodent olfactory system
... assembled in development by the process of cell migration. Although the principles of cell migration are conserved throughout the brain, different subsystems may predominantly utilize specific migratory mechanisms, or may display unusual features during migration. Examining these subsystems offers n ...
... assembled in development by the process of cell migration. Although the principles of cell migration are conserved throughout the brain, different subsystems may predominantly utilize specific migratory mechanisms, or may display unusual features during migration. Examining these subsystems offers n ...
Document
... our conscious control: “autonomous” • Both involve 2 neurons that synapse in a peripheral ganglion • Innervate glands, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle ...
... our conscious control: “autonomous” • Both involve 2 neurons that synapse in a peripheral ganglion • Innervate glands, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle ...
Glycemic State Regulates Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor
... sympathetic neurons, showing that fibers emerging from sympathetic ganglion cells in chick embryos were observed to grow directionally towards sarcomas that provide favorable medium for nerve fiber outgrowth at the base of limb buds (103). Since this time, other neurotrophic factors have been descri ...
... sympathetic neurons, showing that fibers emerging from sympathetic ganglion cells in chick embryos were observed to grow directionally towards sarcomas that provide favorable medium for nerve fiber outgrowth at the base of limb buds (103). Since this time, other neurotrophic factors have been descri ...
Neural coding of basic reward terms of animal
... found that neurons in the orbitofrontal cortex show higher activation when expecting a small piece of apple than when expecting cereal. However, when in another trial block the cereal is replaced by a piece of raisin that is even more preferred by the animal, the same neurons show higher activity fo ...
... found that neurons in the orbitofrontal cortex show higher activation when expecting a small piece of apple than when expecting cereal. However, when in another trial block the cereal is replaced by a piece of raisin that is even more preferred by the animal, the same neurons show higher activity fo ...
Sound processing by local neural populations in the
... intermediate spatial resolution, in which much of information processing in the cortex is believed to occur: the level of local neuronal networks. Information processing in the cortex is believed to be facilitated by the interaction of large numbers of synaptically connected neurons. The combination ...
... intermediate spatial resolution, in which much of information processing in the cortex is believed to occur: the level of local neuronal networks. Information processing in the cortex is believed to be facilitated by the interaction of large numbers of synaptically connected neurons. The combination ...
Maruska & Tricas 2009b
... semicircular canals that serve a vestibular function to encode angular accelerations, and three otolithic endorgans (saccule, lagena, and utricle) that serve gravistasis and auditory functions to encode linear particle motion. Auditory information is transferred from the hair-cell sensory maculae vi ...
... semicircular canals that serve a vestibular function to encode angular accelerations, and three otolithic endorgans (saccule, lagena, and utricle) that serve gravistasis and auditory functions to encode linear particle motion. Auditory information is transferred from the hair-cell sensory maculae vi ...
Changes in GABA Modulation During a Theta Cycle May Be
... inhibitory interneuron; W, the strength of recurrent excitatory connections from a2 to a2 and a3 to a3 ; W 0 , the strength of excitatory connections from a2 and a3 to the interneuron; −H, the strength of the inhibitory connections from this interneuron to a2 and a3 ; h, activation of the model inte ...
... inhibitory interneuron; W, the strength of recurrent excitatory connections from a2 to a2 and a3 to a3 ; W 0 , the strength of excitatory connections from a2 and a3 to the interneuron; −H, the strength of the inhibitory connections from this interneuron to a2 and a3 ; h, activation of the model inte ...
DECODING NEURONAL FIRING AND MODELING NEURAL
... 9. If these changes are small, we have the added advantage that their impact can be determined by a linear computation which resolves many of the problems associated with intrinsic neuronal complexity, problem ii). If the changes are larger, calculating their effects is more ambiguous but the linear ...
... 9. If these changes are small, we have the added advantage that their impact can be determined by a linear computation which resolves many of the problems associated with intrinsic neuronal complexity, problem ii). If the changes are larger, calculating their effects is more ambiguous but the linear ...
Afferent Input to Nucleus Submedius in Rats
... medially, and laterally. The results of these injections are included for 2 main reasons.First, since our data indicate that neurons in the marginal zone of the spinal cord do not appear to project to Sm, it is possiblethat they may project to an area near Sm. Theseinjections should reveal the prese ...
... medially, and laterally. The results of these injections are included for 2 main reasons.First, since our data indicate that neurons in the marginal zone of the spinal cord do not appear to project to Sm, it is possiblethat they may project to an area near Sm. Theseinjections should reveal the prese ...
Sample Chapter 8 from the Textbook
... All cells exhibit electrical properties. The inside of most cell membranes is negatively charged compared to the outside of the cell membrane, which is positively charged (as discussed in chapter 7). This uneven distribution of charge means the cell is polarized. In an unstimulated (or resting) cell ...
... All cells exhibit electrical properties. The inside of most cell membranes is negatively charged compared to the outside of the cell membrane, which is positively charged (as discussed in chapter 7). This uneven distribution of charge means the cell is polarized. In an unstimulated (or resting) cell ...
Imitating others by composition of primitive actions: a neuro
... quires iterative search for finding an optimal initial state value. This process ...
... quires iterative search for finding an optimal initial state value. This process ...
Open-loop organization of thalamic reticular nucleus and dorsal
... subthreshold but also to respond to such stimuli with a burst of two to five action potentials. Previous experimental and computational work has established that bursts are a reliable way to send a high-efficacy signal to a postsynaptic target and are likely a more suitable mode for signal detection ...
... subthreshold but also to respond to such stimuli with a burst of two to five action potentials. Previous experimental and computational work has established that bursts are a reliable way to send a high-efficacy signal to a postsynaptic target and are likely a more suitable mode for signal detection ...
6 - Coach Eikrem's Website
... • Astrocytes – most numerous - positioned between neurons and capillaries – protect neurons from harmful substances in the blood • Microglia – absorb and dispose of dead cells and ...
... • Astrocytes – most numerous - positioned between neurons and capillaries – protect neurons from harmful substances in the blood • Microglia – absorb and dispose of dead cells and ...
Channelrhodopsin
Channelrhodopsins are a subfamily of retinylidene proteins (rhodopsins) that function as light-gated ion channels. They serve as sensory photoreceptors in unicellular green algae, controlling phototaxis: movement in response to light. Expressed in cells of other organisms, they enable light to control electrical excitability, intracellular acidity, calcium influx, and other cellular processes. Channelrhodopsin-1 (ChR1) and Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) from the model organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii are the first discovered channelrhodopsins. Variants have been cloned from other algal species, and more are expected.